Colonial and Postcolonial Deployment of \u27Daffodils\u27

This paper is about Wordsworth\u27s \u27daffodil poem\u27 and what has been made of it since it was published as \u27I wandered lonely as a cloud\u27 in 1807. In this paper I take issue with postcolonial writers like Jamaica Kincaid and Michelle Cliff who position Wordsworth\u27s \u27daffodil poem\u27 at the centre of British imperialism. I also take issue with J. Edward Chamberlin who has recently repositioned the poem as marginalized and radical. My position, as my title indicates, is that \u27Daffodils\u27 has been deployed in both colonial and postcolonial contexts: that it is neither central nor marginal to British imperialism in itself, but has been found very useful at certain historical moments. My interest in this idea of \u27deployment\u27, probably quite reactionary and not all that exciting in itself, is in what is also swept up by implication when \u27Daffodils\u27 is deployed and redeployed

Simultaneous fitting of X-ray and neutron diffuse scattering data

Conventional crystallographic refinement uses the Bragg-peak intensities and gives the single-site average crystal structure. Information about short-range order and local order is contained in the diffuse scattering that is distributed throughout reciprocal space. Models of the short-range order in materials can now be automatically refined. The complementarity of X-ray and neutron diffraction data, and the value of simultaneously refining a structural model against both types of data, has long been known. This paper presents the first refinement of a short-range-order model against comprehensive X-ray and neutron diffuse scattering data simultaneously. The sample is the organic molecular crystal benzil, C14H10O2 (for neutron work H is replaced by D). The technique gives new insights into local order in crystalline materials, including the dynamic correlation structure indicative of the dynamics of molecules in the crystalline state, and successfully overcomes limitations of using only the X-ray data set

Project 1: Bladder and non-bladder urinary cancers: examining patterns and risk factors for second cancers using data from the New South Wales Central Cancer Registry (Australia). Project 2: Multiple Imputation to address a data artefact for the degree-of-spread variable in the NSW CCR for the period 1993-1998: Lung Cancer as a test case

Tese de Doutoramento em Engenharia Civil, no ramo de Hidráulica, Recursos Hídricos e Ambiente, apresentada ao Departamento de Engenharia Civil da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de CoimbraOs espaços urbanos situam-se frequentemente em zonas costeiras ou ribeirinhas susceptíveis de alagamento. Estas áreas são muito propensas a cheias e inundações podendo originar grandes danos económicos e eventualmente problemas de saúde pública. Este risco levou a que projetistas e investigadores procurassem ferramentas de modelação eficazes que não só replicassem numericamente o escoamento superficial ou a rede de coletores pluviais, mas também a interação entre ambos. Estas ferramentas são conhecidas como sendo DD. Os modelos DD são capazes de replicar as complexas interações entre a rede de coletores e o escoamento superficial. Esta tese tem como objetivos o desenvolvimento e avaliação de um modelo numérico totalmente acoplado de cheias urbanas capaz de replicar o escoamento na rede bidimensional superficial, o escoamento na rede de coletores e as complexas interações entre ambos. Na investigação apresentada, derivaram-se soluções analíticas para uma das simplificações das SWE, as LInE. As LInE são uma simplificação das GWM por redução de uma dimensão (2D para 1D) e estas, por sua vez são uma simplificação das SWE por desprezo dos termos da aceleração convectiva. As soluções analíticas obtidas poderão ser usadas como referência para validação de modelos numéricos derivados para as LInE ou GWM. Foi criado um modelo numérico bidimensional com uma malha não estruturada, discretizada em triângulos. O modelo é de primeira ordem no espaço e tempo, sendo baseado numa aproximação localizada do método de Godunov usando os pressupostos do esquema de Roe para a derivação dos fluxos numéricos. Foi, ao mesmo tempo e usando o mesmo esquema, implementado um modelo para as SWE. Estes modelos criados (SWE e GWM) foram aperfeiçoados através de um esquema melhorado para o tratamento de frentes molhadas/secas com a capacidade de conservar localmente a massa. Os modelos foram acoplados a dois reconhecidos modelos de coletores, SIPSON e SWMM, que permitem o cálculo do escoamento nos coletores. Os modelos superficiais foram comparados com um modelo difusivo sem inércia (P-DWave), usando como base o modelo de coletores SIPSON. Foi também analisada a influência da propagação nos coletores no escoamento superficial, através de curvas depth-damage usando como modelo para a superfície o GWM. As principais conclusões obtidas mostram que o GWM reproduz escoamentos com regime lento de forma semelhante às equações dinâmicas (SWE) e é capaz de reproduzir regime rápido desde que seja localizado, ao contrário das restantes simplificações das SWE. Mostrou-se também a superior eficácia computacional do GWM quando comparado com o SWE para o mesmo esquema numérico. No que diz respeito às frentes secas/molhadas, verificou-se que os esquemas que restringem os fluxos e os que conservam localmente a massa são os mais adequados na prática de engenharia. O modelo numérico totalmente acoplado, em qualquer das versões de escoamento superficial SIPSON/GWM ou SWMM/GWM provou que dispunha de características melhoradas quando comparado com outros modelos acoplados. Globalmente os objectivos propostos para esta tese foram alcançados, tendo sido criado e validado um modelo totalmente acoplado de cheias urbano capaz de modelar o escoamento na rede bidimensional superficial, o escoamento na rede de coletores e as complexas interações entre ambos.Urban areas often lie within floodplains or low lying coastal areas. These areas are very prone to inundations and their subsequent economic damage and potential public health issues. This risk lead designers and researchers to search for a sophisticated modelling tool capable of modelling not only surface runoff and pipe network systems isolated but also the interaction between these two systems. These tools are known as DD. DD models are able to replicate the complex interactions between the overland and the pipe network system. The aim of this Thesis is to develop and test a novel "Fully Coupled Urban Flood Model'' capable of modelling the 2D surface flood runoff, the 1D pipe network flows and the complex interactions between the surface and subsurface systems (overland and pipe networks). The research presented in this Thesis starts by deriving analytical solutions to a simplification of the SWE, the LInE. These equations are a simplification of the GWM by reducing one dimension (2D to 1D). GWM are an approximation of the SWE by neglecting the convective terms. The obtained analytical solutions can be used as a benchmark for the validation of the numerical models created for the LInE or GWM. A novel first order unstructured numerical model is afterwards presented for the GWM based upon an approximation of the Godunov exact solver, by making use of the Roe assumptions for the derivation of the numerical fluxes. This model is based upon a node centred triangular discretization. A SWE model is created alongside using the same scheme. The models are improved through the use of a WD scheme that is both locally and globally conservative. The models are coupled to two well established pipe network models (SIPSON and SWMM). A comparison is drawn between the two overland flow models and a diffusive wave model (P-Dwave) by using SIPSON as the pipe network model. The use of different pipe network models SIPSON and SWMM is also compared using GWM as the surface model. The main conclusions drawn are that the GWM reproduces subcritical flow in a similar manner than SWE and is able to handle localized supercritical flow unlike other SWE simplifications. The GWM simulation time is less than SWE with the same numerical scheme. Local correction WD schemes and flux restricting schemes show the best results for treating WD fronts. The novel "Fully Coupled Urban Flood Model'' in either simplified overland flow versions SIPSON/GWM or SWMM/GWM has shown to be an effective tool in modelling complex interactions between the surface and subsurface systems. Furthermore it has proved to possess improved features when compared to other coupled models. The proposed objectives to be achieved in this Thesis were totally fulfilled, with a "Fully Coupled Urban Flood Model'' capable of modelling the 2D surface flood runoff, the pipe network flows and the complex interactions between the surface and subsurface systems created and validated.FCT - SFRH/BD/81869/201

‘Soft’ phonon modes,structured diffuse scattering and the crystal chemistry of Fe-bearing sphalerites

Electron diffraction has been used to carefully investigate the reciprocal lattices of a range of iron-bearing sphalerites looking for evidence of Fe clustering and/or Fe/Zn ordering in the form of either additional satellite reflections or a structured diffuse intensity distribution accompanying the strong Bragg reflections of the underlying sphalerite-type average structure. While a highly structured diffuse intensity distribution in the form of transverse polarized f110g sheets of diffuse intensity has been detected and found to be characteristic of all compositions,it does not appear to arise from Fe clustering and/or Fe/Zn ordering. Rather inherently low frequency,and therefore strongly thermally excited,phonon modes propagating along reciprocal space directions perpendicular to each of the six /110S real space directions of the average structure are suggested to be responsible for these f110g sheets of diffuse intensity. Monte Carlo simulation (for a range of Zn–S,Zn–Zn and S–S interaction strengths) and subsequent Fourier transformation is used to confirm the existence of these low-frequency phonon modes of distortion as well as to show that they are an intrinsic,predictable property of the corner-connected tetrahedral structure of sphalerite. The low-frequency phonon modes involve coupled (Zn,Fe) and S motion in one-dimensional strings along /110S real space directions

The geometry, topology and structure of amorphous solids

Clusters of atoms can be divided into three categories depending on their topology. One of the categories provides the basis for development of a model of a perfectly random structure (ideal amorphous solid) using the non-equilateral triangle topology i

Using linked health and social care data to monitor dementia incidence and evaluate dementia care in Australia

Dementia is a leading cause of disability affecting approximately 50 million people worldwide. Currently, in Australia, there is no optimum way of monitoring the incidence or prevalence of dementia at the population level. There are also many unanswered questions regarding crucial aspects of dementia care, such as whether the provision of home-based services can reduce the time spent in residential care. Routinely collected administrative data have the potential to fill these gaps. This thesis explores the use of linked administrative data for detecting and monitoring dementia in Australia, uses these data to understand the care pathways followed by people with dementia, and addresses policy-focused questions aimed at improving dementia care. It does so by presenting the results of four research studies using the 45 and Up Study, a cohort of 267,153, recruited in 2006-2009 in New South Wales, Australia. The 45 and Up baseline survey was linked to a range of administrative datasets including records of hospitalisations, emergency department visits, aged care assessments, and claims for pharmaceuticals, medical services, aged care services and deaths for the period 2006-2016. Key findings include: (i) measuring dementia incidence with multiple linked administrative datasets identifies almost 80% of expected dementia cases (92% for those aged 80-84 years) and produces age-specific incidence rates that mirror those based on clinical diagnosis; (ii) entering residential care is the norm among people with dementia, and home-based care may not be meeting their needs at end of life; (iii) high-level home care for people with dementia may reduce the subsequent time spent in residential care; and (iv) changing to a new general practitioner (GP) when entering residential care is related to increased polypharmacy and initiation of psychotropic medicines among people with dementia. These findings will inform on-going efforts to monitor dementia incidence and care in Australia. They also have major policy implications, including emphasising the pressing need in Australia for more high-level home care packages, and highlighting end-of-life dementia care as a priority for policy development and innovation in service delivery. The link between GP continuity and psychotropic prescribing highlights a new intervention point that could assist in the efforts to reduce psychotropic prescribing in residential aged care

Constitutive modeling of the anisotropic behavior of Mullins softened filled rubbers

Original constitutive modeling is proposed for filled rubber materials in order to capture the anisotropic softened behavior induced by general non-proportional pre-loading histo-ries. The hyperelastic framework is grounded on a thorough analysis of cyclic experimental data. The strain energy density is based on a directional approach. The model leans on the strain amplification factor concept applied over material directions according to the Mul-lins softening evolution. In order to provide a model versatile that applies for a wide range of materials, the proposed framework does not require to postulate the mathematical forms of the elementary directional strain energy density and of the Mullins softening evo-lution rule. A computational procedure is defined to build both functions incrementally from experimental data obtained during cyclic uniaxial tensile tests. Successful compari-sons between the model and the experiments demonstrate the model abilities. Moreover, the model is shown to accurately predict the non-proportional uniaxial stress-stretch responses for uniaxially and biaxially pre-stretched samples. Finally, the model is effi-ciently tested on several materials and proves to provide a quantitative estimate of the anisotropy induced by the Mullins softening for a wide range of filled rubbers