Supervisi Penerapan Metode Ummi dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca dan Menghafal Al-Qur’an

Implementing a learning method requires guidance and supervision. In many cases, teachers are often required to implement a new method without any guidance and supervision. There is one application of learning methods that provides guidance and supervision, namely the application of the Ummi learning method in improving the ability to read and memorize the Al-Qur'an. This is worth studying. For this reason, this research is aimed at revealing how to implement supervision activities by focusing on three things, namely: steps, techniques and factors inhibiting and supporting these supervision activities. The research was carried out in two locations: SMPN 1 Sampang and SDN 1 Dalpenang Sampang. This research uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques: non-participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation of related sources. The research results obtained are first, the stages of implementing supervision in both institutions include daily, weekly and monthly supervision. Second, the technique for implementing Ummi method supervision in both institutions is in the form of individual and group techniques. Individual supervision techniques include class visits, individual meetings and document observation, while group techniques include school visits, evaluation meetings and teaching demonstrations. Third, the supporting factors for implementing the Ummi method of supervision in both institutions are support from school principals and parents who encourage supervisors to continue to supervise, supervisors' activeness and teacher welfare as well as adequate facilities. The inhibiting factors are the lack of supervision time and the lack of supervisors which is not commensurate with the number of existing groups. The results of the research have implications for supervisors being able to emphasize the objectives of supervision, so that supervision activities are not understood as a form of supervision but as mentoring and guidance activities.Penerapan sebuah metode pembelajaran membutuhkan bimbingan dan pengawasan. Dalam banyak kasus, para guru sering dituntut untuk menjalankan sebuah metode baru tanpa ada bimbingan dan pengawasan. Terdapat salah satu penerapan metode pembelajaran yang menyediakan bimbingan dan supervisi, yaitu penerapan metode pembelajaran Ummi dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca dan menghafal Al-Qur’an. Hal ini layak untuk dikaji. Untuk itu penelitian ini ditujukan untuk  mengungkap bagaimana penerapan kegiatan supervisi tersebut dengan berfokus pada tiga hal yaitu: langkah-langkah, teknik serta faktor penghambat dan pendukung kegiatan supervisi tersebut. Penelitian dilaksanakan di dua lokasi: SMPN 1 Sampang dan SDN 1 Dalpenang Sampang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan datanya: observasi non partisipan, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi terhadap sumber terkait. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu pertama, Tahapan pelaksanaan Supervisi di kedua lembaga meliputi supervisi harian, mingguan dan bulanan. Kedua, Teknik pelaksanan supervisi metode Ummi di kedua lembaga berupa teknik individu dan kelompok. Tehnik supervisi individu berupa kunjungan kelas, pertemuan individu dan observasi dokumen sedangkan tehnik kelompok berupa kunjungan sekolah, rapat evaluasi dan demonstrasi mengajar. Ketiga, Faktor pendukung dari penerapan supervisi metode Ummi di kedua lembaga adalah dukungan dari kepala sekolah dan orang tua yang mendorong supervisor untuk terus melakukan supervisi, keaktifan supervisor dan kesejahteraan guru serta fasilitas yang memadai. Faktor penghambatnya adalah kurangnya waktu supervisi dan minimnya supervisor yang tidak sebanding dengan banyakya kelompok yang ada. Hasil penelitian berimplikasi agar supervisor lebih dapat menekankan tujuan dari supervisi, agar tidak dipahami kegiatan supervisi sebagai bentuk pengawasan tetapi sebagai kegiatan pendampingan dan bimbingan

Time evolution of near membrane layers

The near membrane layer is defined as a region where the concentration of the substance transported across the membrane drops $k$ times. The time evolution of such a layer is studied experimentally by means of the laser interferometric method. It is shown that within the experimental errors the thickness of the near membrane layer grows in time as $a \sqrt t$ with the coefficient $a$ being independent of the initial concentration and the membrane permeability. Time evolution of the near membrane layers is also analyzed within the theoretical approach earlier developed by one of us. The regularities found experimentally fully agree with the theoretical expectations.Comment: revised versio

New Design for Conserving Polymer Powder for the SIS Rapid Prototyping Process

Selective Inhibition of Sintering (SIS) is a Rapid Prototyping process that makes parts in a layerbased method by using polymer powders. Current SIS machines accomplish this layer-based method by heating a fixed area of polymer powder. The current process is an area of concern because the entire fixed area of each layer is cured, resulting in large amounts of polymer powder being wasted. This paper explains the design of an automated, mechanical system that will mask off areas of polymer powder with heat-resistant fingers, allowing for the adjustment of the heated area in order to cure minimal amounts of polymer powder at each layer. Test results of a prototype model showed significant reduction in polymer powder usage.Mechanical Engineerin

The impact of mixed embeddedness on the creation and growth of Chinese ethnic entrepreneurship in Indonesia

Ethnic entrepreneurship research has suggested that entrepreneurial activity is part of Chinese heritage, and hence entrepreneurship is attributed to overseas Chinese diaspora. Furthermore, research suggests a link between Chinese ethnicity and entrepreneurial growth. Kloosterman (2010) transcends such essentialisation of ethnicity by pointing to the importance of the ‘institutional support’ as well as the ‘opportunity structures’ (‘meso environment’) for ethnic entrepreneurships to flourish. This thesis develops the ‘Chinese ethnic entrepreneurship in Indonesia’ model that identifies factors that have been fundamental driving force of the entrepreneurial success of the Chinese Indonesians. This model extends the ‘mixed embeddedness’ framework developed by Kloosterman (2010). Mixed method research has been adopted in this thesis. Survey was distributed to the Chinese ethnic entrepreneurs, their employees and family members. In total one hundred and sixty four filled in surveys were submitted by the Chinese ethnic entrepreneurs. To test the model, hypotheses were developed, SEM tests were conducted and the results were analysed. In the second phase of the research, ten qualitative interviews were conducted in order to corroborate the findings from the survey stage of the present research. Findings of this thesis indicate that ‘micro’, ‘meso’ and ‘macro’ environments all interact with each other with the support of the concept of ‘sinyong-trust’ and that there exist a number of heterogeneous factors shaping entrepreneurial creation and growth. The results of the analysis indicate that Chinese Indonesians have been able to build their strong entrepreneurial presence in Indonesia due to heterogeneous circumstances and any single factor cannot explain this. ‘Discriminatory regulations’ supported by the personality trait of ‘seeing market opportunities’ contribute to the process of ‘creating’ new businesses. In addition, ‘family support’ plays an important role during the initial stages of business life cycle. Moreover, ‘opportunity structures’ through the existence of ‘ethnic market’ and ‘wider-non ethnic market’ as well as access to ‘business ownership’ also influence the process of business ‘creation’. For some of the entrepreneurs, family support takes a form of ‘family expectations’ that direct Chinese Indonesians to the entrepreneurial field. ‘Social capital’ in a form of ‘guanxi-networking’ in its ‘bonding’ form of ‘co-ethnic’ support and ‘bridging’ form of ‘links to the government’ indeed have been found to support sales and profit growth of the Chinese entrepreneurs. In addition, ‘Confucian values’ of ‘hard work’ and ‘harmony’ also influence financial ‘growth’ of the businesses under investigation

Pengontrolan Diri Kaum Remaja dengan Pengamalan Thariqat Qodiriyah Naqsyabandiyah di Kabupaten Bandung

This article is based on the rise of radical Islamic movements, terrorism, and the youth movement for young people. In addition to these symptoms, it turns out that there are movements of young people who take Sufism's path through the teachings of the Sufi order at the Alwi Mosque, Bandung Regency. With a qualitative approach, this sociological research finds youths who practice the Sufi order's instructions solidly. They carry out religious deepening and soul purification by carrying out various kinds of Sufi order worship. Departing from this, this research discusses the philosophical foundation of young people following the Sufi order, young people's activities when they have a relationship, and the benefits during their development. The results showed that young people who follow Sufi order tend to have a pragmatic instrumental philosophical foundation (al-Zarai'iy), and the Tariqat Qodiriyah Naqshabandiyah performance does not differentiate between young and old. However, at least five benefits for young people to follow the Sufi order: murshid guidance, adding siblings, togetherness, and solidarity, avoiding religious deviations, and being more self-controlled