Resetting a functional G1 nucleus after mitosis

© The Author(s) 2015. The maintenance of the correct cellular information goes beyond the simple transmission of an intact genetic code from one generation to the next. Epigenetic changes, topological cues and correct protein-protein interactions need to be re-established after each cell division to allow the next cell cycle to resume in the correct regulated manner. This process begins with mitotic exit and re-sets all the changes that occurred during mitosis thus restoring a functional G1 nucleus in preparation for the next cell cycle. Mitotic exit is triggered by inactivation of mitotic kinases and the reversal of their phosphorylation activities on many cellular components, from nuclear lamina to transcription factors and chromatin itself. To reverse all these phosphorylations, phosphatases act during mitotic exit in a timely and spatially controlled manner directing the events that lead to a functional G1 nucleus. In this review, we will summarise the recent developments on the control of phosphatases and their known substrates during mitotic exit, and the key steps that control the restoration of chromatin status, nuclear envelope reassembly and nuclear body re-organisation. Although pivotal work has been conducted in this area in yeast, due to differences between the mitotic exit network between yeast and vertebrates, we will mainly concentrate on the vertebrate system.BBSRC grant (BB/K017632/1)

Repo-Man-PP1:A link between chromatin remodelling and nuclear envelope reassembly

Coordination of late mitotic events is crucial for the maintenance of genome stability and for the control of gene expression after cell division. Reversible protein phosphorylation regulates this process by de-phosphorylation of mitotic phospho-proteins in a sequential and coordinated manner: this allows an orderly sequence of events to take place during mitotic exit. We have identified Repo-Man/PP1 as a phosphatase complex that regulates temporally and spatially chromatin re-organization and nuclear envelope re-formation during anaphase-telophase

Contribution of histone variants to aneuploidy: a cancer perspective

Data availability statement: The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article's Supplementary Material, available online at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2023.1290903/full#supplementary-material, further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding authors.Copyright © 2023 Ragusa and Vagnarelli. Histone variants, which generally differ in few amino acid residues, can replace core histones (H1, H2A, H2B, and H3) to confer specific structural and functional features to regulate cellular functions. In addition to their role in DNA packaging, histones modulate key processes such as gene expression regulation and chromosome segregation, which are frequently dysregulated in cancer cells. During the years, histones variants have gained significant attention as gatekeepers of chromosome stability, raising interest in understanding how structural and functional alterations can contribute to tumourigenesis. Beside the well-established role of the histone H3 variant CENP-A in centromere specification and maintenance, a growing body of literature has described mutations, aberrant expression patterns and post-translational modifications of a variety of histone variants in several cancers, also coining the term “oncohistones.” At the molecular level, mechanistic studies have been dissecting the biological mechanisms behind histones and missegregation events, with the potential to uncover novel clinically-relevant targets. In this review, we focus on the current understanding and highlight knowledge gaps of the contribution of histone variants to aneuploidy, and we have compiled a database (HistoPloidyDB) of histone gene alterations linked to aneuploidy in cancers of the The Cancer Genome Atlas project.BBSRC grant BB/V013920/1 to PV

Cura e azione volontaria. Prospettive di conservazione partecipata per la Necropoli etrusca della Banditaccia di Cerveteri

L'abstract è presente nell'allegato / the abstract is in the attachmen

Considerations on the conservation of an etruscan archaeological landscape: the case of Cerveteri fortifications

[EN] Where now stands the city of Cerveteri (RM), between the ninth and third century BC took form one of the most important city-states of Etruria: Caere. Today this place is especially noted for the presence of the Etruscan necropolis of Banditaccia, inserted in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2004. The remains of the ancient fortifications, that represent one of the most interesting and well-preserved examples of an Etruscan defensive wall, are instead less known. Due to a prolonged abandonment and a presence of uncontrolled vegetation, the conservation of this testimony is now compromised by visible signs of deterioration. At the same time, this condition has defined a suggestive archaeological landscape in which architecture and nature coexist in a precarious balance. This contribution tries to deepen the importance of preserving this evocative symbiosis and proposes a possible conservative approach that could manage the relationship between ruins and vegetation.Vagnarelli, T. (2020). Considerazioni sulla conservazione di un paesaggio archeologico etrusco: il caso delle fortificazioni di Cerveteri. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1457-1464. https://doi.org/10.4995/FORTMED2020.2020.11431OCS1457146

Memoria, percezione, vegetazione. La conservazione del paesaggio della Via degli Inferi nella necropoli della Banditaccia a Cerveteri

Extended on a surface of two hundred hectares that features a multitude of funerary building remains, the Etruscan necropolis of Banditaccia, near Cerveteri, defines a suggestive and peculiar archaeological landscape. To the present day, the burial ground is a set that consists of musealized and fenced areas – a minor portion –, as well as areas in semi-abandoned state widespread on the territory. This paper aims at deepening these sectors outside the visiting perimeter, focusing on the ancient funeral street known as Via degli Inferi. Due to its prolonged state of abandonment, here survives an unaltered and evocative landscape result of the symbiotic bond established over time between architecture and nature. Starting from a reflection on the theoretical concept of perception, the paper tries to develop specific guidelines for the conservation of this archaeological landscape, with special attention to the relationship between ruins and vegetation

Ruderi antichi, spazi vissuti. Alcune osservazioni sui fenomeni di frequentazione e partecipazione in corso nella necropoli etrusca della Banditaccia di Cerveteri

The Etruscan necropolis of Banditaccia (Cerveteri, RM), registered in the UNESCO World Heritage List since 2004 and part of the Archaeological Park of Cerveteri and Tarquinia since 2021, represents a paradigmatic case for the study of the dynamics of community participation in protection activities. Here, in fact, starting from the 1960s, we witnessed the spontaneous mobilization of community made up of citizens, enthusiasts, and specialists, activated for the protection and cultural promotion of some abandoned areas of necropolis itself. In recent years this phenomenon is going through a period of vivacity, both due to the increase in the number of citizens' associations involved in the various activities, both for the quantity of projects launched. Starting from these observations, the paper aims to re-turn a first overview of the participatory phenomena taking place in the archaeological areas of Cerveteri, focusing on the concrete effects that these have been able to produce on the heritage in terms of conservation and enhance-ment and questioning, at the same time, on the future direction in which this form of collective involvement could move

Enhancing intangible cultural heritage for sustainable tourism development in rural areas: the case of the “Marche food and wine memories” project (Italy)

In the context of increasing interest in the contribution made by culture to the implementation of the goals and targets of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the present research investigates how intangible cultural heritage (ICH) can help sustainable tourism in rural areas. Adopting a case study methodology, we analyzed the “Marche Food and Wine Memories” project, an initiative promoted by CiùCiù, a winery based in Offida, a small village in the Marche region (Italy). After discussing the strategies and tools adopted to enhance rural heritage, the analysis focuses on the involvement of local communities and businesses in the different phases of the process. The research aimed to understand: (1) the project’s current contribution to the economic, social, cultural and environmental dimensions of sustainability; and (2) its strengths and weaknesses and possible future improvements. The research findings confirm the high potentialities of ICH-based initiatives for sustainable tourism development in rural areas, but also reveal the need to improve the level of networking with local businesses and highlight gaps in marketing and management skills. Finally, the results provide policy and managerial implications for similar ICH-based initiatives