Physical Reasons of Emission Varying in CdSe/ZnS and CdSeTe/ZnS Quantum Dots at Bioconjugation to Antibodies

Photoluminescence, its excitation power dependence, and Raman scattering spectra have been studied in CdSe/ZnS and CdSeTe/ZnS QDs for the nonconjugated states and after the QD conjugation to the anti-Interleukin-10, Human papilloma virus and Pseudo rabies virus antibodies. The QD bioconjugation to charged antibodies stimulates the “blue” energy shift of PL bands related to exciton emission in the CdSe or CdSeTe cores. The “blue” energy shift of PL spectrum in bioconjugated CdSe/ZnS QDs has been attributed to the electronic quantum confined effects stimulated by decreasing the effective QD size at its bioconjugation to charged antibodies. It was shown that the attachment of a charge deals with the antibody to the exterior shell of CdSe/ZnS QDs, leads to blocking away a fraction of core’s volume. The energy band diagrams of CdSeTe/ZnS QDs in the nonconjugated and bioconjugated states have been designed, which permit to explain the types of optical transitions in QDs and their transformations at the QD bioconjugation. It is shown that the change of energy band profile and the “blue” shift of QD energy levels, owing to the change of potential barrier at the QD surface, are the dominant reasons of PL spectrum transformation in the double core CdSeTe/ZnS QDs conjugated to charged antibodies. Better understanding the QD bioconjugation to specific antibodies is expected to produce the major advances in biology and medicine and can be a powerful technique for early medical diagnostics

Emission, Defects, and Structure of ZnO Nanocrystal Films Obtained by Electrochemical Method

ZnO nanocrystal (NC) films, prepared by electrochemical etching with varying the technological routines, have been studied by means of photoluminescence (PL), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS), Raman scattering, and X ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. Raman and XRD studies have confirmed that annealing stimulates the ZnO oxidation and crystallization with the formation of wurtzite ZnO NCs. The ZnO NC size decreases from 250–300 nm down to 40–60 nm with increasing the etching time. Two PL bands connected with the near‐band edge (NBE) and defect‐related emissions have been detected. Their intensity stimulation with NC size decreasing has been detected. The NBE emission enhancement is attributed to the week quantum confinement and exciton‐light coupling with polariton formation in small ZnO NCs. The luminescence, morphology, and crystal structure of ZnO:Cu NCs versus Cu concentration have been investigated as well. The types of Cu‐related complexes are discussed using the correlation between the PL spectrum transformations and XRD parameters. It is shown that the plasmon generation in Cu nanoparticles leads to the surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect and to PL intensity increasing the defect‐related PL bands. The comparison of ZnO and ZnO:Cu NC emissions has been done and discussed

Search and Research Project «Attitude of Ukrainians to the Historical Past» in the framework of Qualitative Strategy of Sociological Research

У статті на основі конкретного досвіду обґрунтовано перспективність використання проектної технології під час вивчення студентами-соціологами курсу «Якісні методи у соціологічних дослідженнях». Розглянуто теоретичні питання, методичні й організаційні аспекти проведених у рамках проекту досліджень. На основі біографічного та усно-історичного типів якісної стратегії дослідження за допомогою методів глибинного інтерв’ю й фокус-груп апробовано комплексний підхід до розгляду ставлення українців до історичного минулого. У межах цього проекту розкрито значення для фахової підготовки соціологів у вищій школі дидактичної та змістової складових частин польової роботи студентів. Суть першої з них полягає в поглибленні розуміння студентами дослідницького процесу за допомогою застосування теорії, методів і процедури дослідження в практиці польової роботи, відпрацюванні способів аналізу даних; у самоаналізі та самооцінці рівня фахової підготовки з курсу. Суть іншої – у залученні студентів до вивчення актуальної для українського суспільства теми розмислів над історичним минулим репрезентантів різних статусних груп. Під час участі в проекті студенти в рамках якісної стратегії соціологічного дослідження здобули досвід пошуково-дослідницької роботи включно з досвідом генерування й критики ідей, командної та індивідуальної роботи, досвідом взаємодії в «полі» з іншими. The article is based on concrete experience that substantiates the prospects of using the projective technology during the study «Qualitative Methods in Sociological Research» course by students of sociology department. The project was implemented during 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 academic years by students of sociology department of «Master» and «Specialist» degree of the Lesya Ukrainka Eastern European National University; the project was headed by the author of the article. The geography of the study has covered Volyn, Lviv, Rivne, Ternopil and Charkiv regions of Ukraine. The sample of the study consisted of representatives of various status groups: ordinary citizens aged 60 and older (in the narrative interview format), experts – representatives of the humanitarian intelligentsia aged from 35 to 60 years (in a semi-structured interview format) and of young intellectuals that are students (in focus group studies). The theoretical questions, methodological and organizational aspects of empirical researches that were carried out within the framework of the project are considered. On the basic of biographical type and type of oral history of qualitative research strategy within the help of methods of in-depth interviews and focus-groups an integrated approach to the study of the attitude of Ukrainians towards the historical past has been tested. Within the framework of this project, the significance for the professional preparation of sociologists in the high school of the didactic and content components of field work of students was revealed. The essence of the first of these components is to deep students’ understanding of the research process by applying the theory, methods of data analysis applying self-assessment of the level of the course professional training. The essence of another is in attracting students to the study of topics relevant to the Ukrainian society over the historical past of the representatives of various status groups. While participating in the project, with the framework of a qualitative sociological research strategy, students gained experience of search and research work, including the experience of generation and critics of ideas, teamwork and individual work, interaction in the field with the Others

III-V material solar cells for space application

The present paper is a review of current situation in space solar cell engineering. The comparison of the Si and III-V solar cell performances, as well as their parameter variation with temperature rise, radiation treatments and improving design were analyzed. The modern directions of the space solar cell development and international space projects, applied new types of solar cells, were discussed as well

Current Trends in the Study of Museum Exhibit as a Document

У статті на основі сучасних підходів проаналізовано статус музейного об’єкта як документа. Головну увагу зосереджено на об’єктній методології в музеєзнавстві. Музейний експонат розглянуто з погляду комунікативної та смислоутворювальної функцій документа. В статье на основании современных подходов проанализирован статус музейного объекта как документа. Главное внимание сосредоточено на объектной методологии в музееведении. Музейный экспонат рассмотрен в свете коммуникативной и смыслообразующей функций документа. Within the article the author using modern approaches analyzes the status of the museum object as a document. The main focus of the article is on object methodology in museology. Museum exhibitis considered in communicative and sense-forming functions

Methodical Particularities of Organization and Conducting of the General University Sociological Research "Teacher through the Eyes of Students"

В статье обосновывается актуальность социологического мониторинга качества преподавания в высших учебных заведениях, описываются предварительные условия проведения такого исследования в Волынском национальном университете имени Леси Украинки. Авторы акцентируют внимание на специфике организации данного исследования, особенностях формирования выборки, построении теоретической модели оценивания студентами качества преподавания, обеспечении качества социологической информации и соблюдении анонимности опроса и конфиденциальности данных. In article there is a substantiation of a urgency of the sociological monitoring of quality of formation of educational disciplines in higher educational institutions, are described preliminary conditions of conducting of such research at the Volyn National University named after Lesya Ukrainka. The Authors accent attention on specificity of the organization of the given research, particularities of formation of a sampling, construction of theoretical model of estimating of students of quality of teaching, provision of quality of the sociological information and observance of anonymity of the questioning and confidentiality of data

Personality of the Ideal Deputy of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine as an Object of Analysis and Subject for Discussion

Політика та політичні процеси становлять неабиякий інтерес для громадськості. До політиків, лідерів та представників політичних партій в Україні завжди високі очікування. Суспільство делегує законотворцям свої повноваження в надії на конструктивний розвиток держави, підвищення рівня життя населення та зростання ролі соціальних гарантій. Яким має бути ідеальний депутат Верховної Ради України, які його особистісні якості, якою має бути його команда, які першочергові завдання мають бути виконані? Ці ключові позиції стосовно постаті народного депутата стали предметом для обговорення на основі методики «Світове кафе» («The World cafe») за модераторства авторів статті. Цільовою аудиторію дослідження виступила академічна (студентська) молодь. Мета дослідження – вивчення окремого випадку смислоутворення в царині політичного дискурсу, а саме конструювання концепту «ідеальний депутат Верховної Ради Ук-раїни», а також імплементація методики «Світове кафе» в площині політичної соціології. Запропоновані в процесі обговорення типізуючі конструкції щодо етичної поведінки депутата передають домінуючі моральні цінності академічної молоді. Відмінні конструкції щодо соціальних очікувань в аспекті програмової частини діяльності депутатів побудовані на відмінності особистого біографічного досвіду, відмінного оточення, інтересів і соціального походження знання. Politics and political processes are of great interest to the public. Expectations for politicians, leaders and representatives of political parties in Ukraine are high always. Society delegates its authority to lawmakers in the hope of constructive development of the state, raising the standard of living of the population and increasing the role of social guarantees. What should be the ideal deputy of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, what are his personal qualities, what should his team be, what are the primary tasks to be accomplished? These key positions on the figure of the Deputy of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine became the subject of discussion on the basis of the method «TheWorldcafe», was moderated by the authors of the article. The target audience was academic (student) youth. The purpose of the study is to study a particular case of meaningful political discourse in the field of political discourse, namely the construction of the concept of an «ideal deputy of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine», as well as the implementation of the «TheWorldcafe» methodology in the field of political sociology. The typical constructions are regarding the ethical behavior of the deputy proposed in the discussion process convey the dominant moral values of the academic youth. The excellent constructions regarding social expectations in terms of the programmatic part of the activity of deputies are based on differences of personal biographical experience, excellent environment, interests and social origin of knowledge. The abstract image of a politician is formed due to the inaccessibility of politicians, the fragmentation of contacts with them, which occur mainly in absentia – through the media. Through the prism was formed on the basis of the past experience of the figure of the Deputy, an attitude is formed and an assessment of present and future politicians is made. As the study found, the methodology of «TheWorldcafe» is quite suitable for sociological searches made in a qualitative research strategy. It is appropriate to realize it when it is intended to create a portrait of a certain person, group, or when it is intended to outline a figure of a certain «ideal type». The problem of forming the political elite is presented in this study at the level of perception by others – those who are not currently claiming this status. The technique was used allows us to find out the degree of awareness and understanding of the issue under discussion in the discussion groups and, similar to the focus group, to identify not so much the similarities of the issues discussed, but their diversity, thought development and extreme positions

Generic and professional managerial skills: changing nature, thinking and roles

Purpose. To study changes in the nature, thinking and roles of generic and professional skills in various organizational cultures. Methodology. In the study, the authors used the method of comparative analysis, which allowed us to contrast and compare existing organizational cultures. The methods of analysis and synthesis were used, which made it possible to identify and consider the use of managerial skills in each of the organizational culture. Methods of induction and deduction, as well as mental modeling, made it possible to establish changes in the nature of skills, way of thinking and the roles of generic and professional skills in various organizational cultures. Findings. The authors examined the nature, thinking and roles of generic and professional managerial skills in Weberian bureaucracy, Mintzberg’s adhocracy, and self-managing organizations. It is proved that in order to achieve the agreement in interpreting the nature of generic and professional skills, it is necessary to change the idea of a university as a public institution. At least, the idea of self-organizing universities has to be accepted. Originality. It is proved that the embodiment of the idea of self-organizing universities is a prerequisite for the creation of autonomous organizations, whose self-realization efficiency is recognized as the most effective in comparison with Weberian bureaucracy and Mintzberg’s adhocracy. Practical value. The results of the study expand the understanding of the nature, thinking and roles of generic and professional managerial skills in various organizational cultures. The study demonstrates the efficiency of self-organizing universities and their significance in revealing the nature of man, in particular, the nature of managerial skill