Stefan Żeromski in “The Illustrated Weekly” in 1912

The objective of the present article is to analyze Sine ira, the cycle of sketches by Adam Grzymała-Siedlecki, as a testimony of Stefan Żeromski’s impact on shaping historical and political ideas of his times, but also as the new manner the works of a known artist functioned on the pages of „Illustrated Weekly”. After having presented current reviews and publication of Żeromski’s oeuvre, in 1912 the editors of the Warsaw journal offer its readers a critical overview of The History of Sin and Rose, both inspired by the revolution of 1905-1907. The accusations unmasking the “errors” in thinking and writing about the revolution formulated by the journalist take into consideration particularly the recipient’s perspective. These accusations are becoming part of the journal’s strategy to inform about conflicts, current in the context of growing antagonisms in Europe.The objective of the present article is to analyze Sine ira, the cycle of sketches by Adam Grzymała-Siedlecki, as a testimony of Stefan Żeromski’s impact on shaping historical and political ideas of his times, but also as the new manner the works of a known artist functioned on the pages of „Illustrated Weekly”. After having presented current reviews and publication of Żeromski’s oeuvre, in 1912 the editors of the Warsaw journal offer its readers a critical overview of The History of Sin and Rose, both inspired by the revolution of 1905-1907. The accusations unmasking the “errors” in thinking and writing about the revolution formulated by the journalist take into consideration particularly the recipient’s perspective. These accusations are becoming part of the journal’s strategy to inform about conflicts, current in the context of growing antagonisms in Europe

Doping of graphene by a Au(111) substrate: Calculation strategy within the local density approximation and a semiempirical van der Waals approach

We have performed a density functional study of graphene adsorbed on Au(111) surface using both a local density approximation and a semiempirical van der Waals approach proposed by Grimme, known as the DFT-D2 method. Graphene physisorbed on metal has the linear dispersion preserved in the band-structure, but the Fermi level of the system is shifted with respect to the conical points which results in a doping effect. We show that the type and amount of doping depends not only on the choice of the exchange-correlation functional used in the calculations, but also on the supercell geometry that models the physical system. We analyzed how the factors such as the in-plane cell parameter and interlayer spacing in gold influence the Fermi level shift and we found that even a small variation in these parameters may cause a transition from p-type to n-type doping. We have selected a reasonable set of model parameters and obtained that graphene is either undoped or at most slightly p-type doped on the clean Au(111) surface, which seems to be in line with experimental findings. On the other hand, modifications of the substrate lattice may induce larger doping up to 0.30-0.40 eV depending on the graphene-metal adsorption distance. The sensitivity of the graphene-gold interface to the structural parameters may allow to tune doping across the samples which could lead to possible applications in graphene-based electronic devices. We believe that the present remarks can be also useful for other studies based on the periodic DFT

Беларусь на старонках штотыднёвіка „Свет” у перыяд 1918–1919

The purpose of the article is to trace the presence of Belarusian issues on the pages of the Warsaw weekly “Świat” [The World] in 1918–1919. Content analysis of the publications showed that the editors of the widely read weekly did not decide to clearly determine their stance on the future of Belarus. The periodical developed a strategy of including the Belarusian issue in a Polish-centric discourse, which emphasized Poland's cultural maturity and the importance of Polish arms in the struggle against the Bolsheviks, who were seeking to take over Belarusian lands.Celem artykułu jest prześledzenie obecności problematyki białoruskiej na łamach warszawskiego tygodnika w latach 1918–1919. Analiza publikacji wykazała, iż redakcja poczytnego pisma nie zdecydowała się na jednoznaczne określenie własnego stanowiska wobec przyszłości Białorusi. Periodyk wypracował strategię polegającą na włączaniu kwestii białoruskiej w polonocentryczny dyskurs, w którym eksponowano kulturową dojrzałość Polski oraz znaczenie polskiego oręża w walce z dążącymi do przejęcia ziem białoruskich bolszewikami.Мэтай артыкула з’яўляецца агляд беларускай праблематыкі на старонках варшаўскага штотыднёвіка “Свет” у перыяд 1918–1919 гг. Аналіз артыкулаў выявіў, што рэдакцыя папулярнага часопіса не вырашылася адназначна акрэсліць уласную пазіцыю ў адносінах да будучыні Беларусі. Стратэгіяй перыядычнага выдання стала спроба разглядаць беларускую праблематыку ў межах дыскурса, у якім аўтары праз прызму Польшчы і палякаў разважалі пра суседзяў. Падкрэслівалі ўзровень культурнага развіцця Польшчы і значэнне польскай узброеннай барацьбы супраць бальшавікоў, якія імкнуліся заняць беларускія землі

Energy gap tuning in graphene on hexagonal boron nitride bilayer system

We use a tight binding approach and density functional theory calculations to study the band structure of graphene/hexagonal boron nitride bilayer system in the most stable configuration. We show that an electric field applied in the direction perpendicular to the layers significantly modifies the electronic structure of the whole system, including shifts, anticrossing and other deformations of bands, which can allow to control the value of the energy gap. It is shown that band structure of biased system may be tailored for specific requirements of nanoelectronics applications. The carriers' mobilities are expected to be higher than in the bilayer graphene devices.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Physical Review

Domains of doping in graphene on polycrystalline gold: first-principles and scanning tunneling spectroscopy studies

We have studied the graphene/gold interface by means of density functional theory (DFT) and scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS). Weak interaction between graphene and the underlying gold surface leaves unperturbed Dirac cones in the band-structure, but they can be shifted with respect to the Fermi level of the whole system, which results in effective doping of graphene. DFT calculations revealed that the interface is extremely sensitive to the adsorption distance and to the structure of metal's surface, in particular strong variation in doping can be attributed to the specific rearrangements of substrate's atoms, such as the change in the crystallographic orientation, relaxation or other modifications of the surface. On the other hand, STS experiments have shown the presence of energetic heterogeneity in terms of the changes in the local density of states (LDOS) measured at different places on the sample. Randomly repeated regions of zero-doping and p-type doping have been identified from parabolic shape characteristics and from well defined Dirac points, respectively. The doping domains of graphene on gold seem to be related to the presence of various types of the surface structure across the sample. DFT simulations for graphene interacting with Au have shown large differences in doping induced by considered structures of substrate, in agreement with experimental findings. All these results demonstrate the possibility of engineering the electronic properties of graphene, especially tuning the doping across one flake which can be useful for applications of graphene in electronic devices