From Carlin’s Seven Dirty Words to Bono’s One Dirty Word: A Look at the FCC’s Ever-Expanding Indecency Enforcement Role

The manuscript entitled: From Carlin’s Seven Dirty Words to Bono’s One Dirty Word: A Look at the FCC’s Ever-Expanding Indecency Enforcement Role examines whether the FCC, in the years since the Supreme Court’s 1978 decision in FCC v. Pacifica, has exceeded the limited holding that the Court rendered in that seminal case. Initially, the article focuses on the Pacifica holding itself, reminding the reader of the narrowness of the decision and pointing out some interesting limitations that the FCC appears to have forgotten in its recent race to crack down on speech it deems indecent. From that initial examination, the article takes the reader through the FCC’s changing standpoints on its enforcement authority, starting from the day after the decision all the way up to the current FCC philosophy, including the full Commission’s recent reversal of previous policy in its March 2004 Golden Globe Awards decision. While much has been written about Pacifica and the indecency dilemma, this article is different in that it focuses specifically on the FCC’s continued expansion of its indecency enforcement authority, while always keeping an eye on whether such expansion squares with the Supreme Court’s decision in Pacifica. In addition, this article undertakes this task by looking at the FCC’s actions over the 26 years since that decision and brings the discussion full circle to the recent Golden Globe Awards decision and activities in Congress

Barthélemy Trille Labarre: Professeur de Guitare et Compositeur, Élève d’Haydn

Barthélemy Trille Labarre (1758–1797) was a French guitarist and composer active at the end of the eighteenth century, when the five-course guitar was still the instrument of choice for many French guitarists. Trille Labarre\u27s Nouvelle méthode pour la guitare, Op. 7, is impressive in its scope and its attention to detail, in comparison to other methods of the eighteenth century, but copies of it are extremely rare. Many of Trille Labarre’s other works also have survived in few or unique copies. While Trille Labarre may be mentioned briefly in later biographical dictionaries, he is totally absent from most of the recent works on the history of the guitar. This article discusses his life and works in depth. The supplemental files include a copy of the Nouvelle méthode and Sparr\u27s later, more detailed version of this same article: Barthélemy Trille Labarre, ‘Professeur de Guitare et Compositeur, Élève d’Haydn’, biography and catalogue of works, The Lute, no. 56 (2016): 1–129. We are grateful to the author for providing this article

Relativistic approach to electromagnetic imaging

A novel imaging principle based on the interaction of electromagnetic waves with a beam of relativistic electrons is proposed. Wave-particle interaction is assumed to take place in a small spatial domain, so that each electron is only briefly accelerated by the incident field. In the one-dimensional case the spatial distribution of the source density can be directly observed in the temporal spectrum of the scattered field. Whereas, in the two-dimensional case the relation between the source and the spectrum is shown to be approximately the Radon transform.Comment: 10 pages, 1 figur

Atroposelective Arene-Forming Alkene Metathesis

Alkene metathesis catalyzed by enantiopure metal alkylidene complexes enables exceptionally versatile strategies to products with configurationally-defined stereocenters. Desymmetriza-tion processes thereby provide reliable stereoselective routes to aliphatic structures, while the differentiation of aromatic stereogenic units remained an outstanding challenge. Herein, we describe the feasibility of alkene metathesis to catalytically control stereogenic axes by traceless arene formation. Stereodynamic trienes are selectively converted into corresponding binaphthalene atropisomers upon exposure to a chiral molybdenum catalyst. Remarkably, stereo-selective arene-forming metathesis allows enantioselectivities of up to 98:2 e.r. and excellent yields. As the disconnection of each bond of an aromatic target is retrosynthetically conceivable, it is anticipated that forging arenes by means of stereoselective metathesis will enable versatile approaches for the synthesis of a broad range of molecular topologies with precisely defined configuration

Tortuosity in the Brick and Mortar Model Based on Chemical Conduction

Diffusion is a reoccurring phenomena in many fields and is affected by the geometry in which it takes place. Here we investigate the effects of geometry on diffusion in a Brick and Mortar model system. The tortuous effects are evaluated based on generalized Fick's law, i.e. diffusion driven by differences in chemical potential. The presented formalism gives a general (semi-)exact analytic expression for the tortuosity using impermeable Bricks, which is successfully validated against standard techniques and finite element method results. The approach allows for anisotropic properties of the Mortar, which we show can be significant and is not captured with known analytic techniques. Based on the introduced concept of chemical conductivity we also find generalized Fick's law consistent with Ohm's and Fourier's law in terms of their constituent parts, which further makes the main results for brick and mortar structures directly applicable to diffusion of either charge, heat, or mass

Synthesis of Atropisomeric Two-Axis Systems by the Catalyst-Controlled syn- and anti-Selective Arene-Forming Aldol Condensation

Simultaneous control over the configuration of multiple stereocenters is accomplished by numerous catalytic methods, providing a reliable basis for the synthesis of stereochemically complex targets in isomerically defined form. In contrast, addressing the configurations of multiple stereogenic axes with diastereodivergent catalyst control is thus far only possible by stepwise approaches. Herein we now describe that all four stereoisomers of atropisomeric two-axis systems are directly tractable by assembling a central aromatic unit of teraryls through an arene-forming aldol condensation. By using cinchona alkaloid-based ion-pairing catalysts, the four feasible reaction pathways are differentiated from identical substrates under defined basic conditions without preactivation, thus enabling complete stereodivergence with enantioselectivities of up to 99 : 1 e.r