Light scattering and absorption properties of dust particles retrieved from satellite measurements

We use the radiative transfer model and chemistry transport model to improve our retrievals of dust optical properties from satellite measurements. The optical depth and absorbing optical depth of mineral dust can be obtained from our improved retrieval algorithm. The solar radiative forcing of dust aerosols has also been calculated using refined optical model and radiative transfer model

Pragmatisme William James: harmoni kerjasama psikologi dan filsafat

Berkat terobosan William James, generasi Amerika sekarang sukses membangun citra diri dan “taman” moral yang subjektif dan individualistis; sementara kehidupan agama dan spiritual menjadi fungsional dan dinamis

Pemikiran Modern Muhammadiyah: dari dialektika historis ke problem epistemologis

This article is aimed at figuring out the historical context of the birth of Muhammadiyah is the attention to the important issues of theology, Christian missionary activity, and behavior among anti-religious thinkers Indonesia. Principles of modern thought Muhammadiyah includes nine points: (1) Islamic purification associated with places of worship, (2) modernization in education, (3) the establishment of the Legal Affairs Committee, (4) purification of religious doctrine and practice syirik and syncretism, (5) active political ideas without getting involved in politics, (6) the idea of ukhuwah Islamiyah by the effort of creating MUI, (7) strengthening the organizational base with raising the movement of pilgrims and religious congregations, (8) enjoining and strengthening amar ma’ruf-nahy munkar, and (9) theology of al-Ma> ‘u> n. At the age of one the century Muhammadiyah showed a persistent figure did self-critical. Being the principal problems that trigger self-criticism and gain inter-critics for Muhammadiyah empties from epistemological problem, namely the problem kayfa narja‘ (how to get back) to the basic Islamic sources of the Qur’an and Hadith. This problem is not solved by the Muhammadiyah until the age of one century. Whereas in the other sides, it is capable of displaying Muhammadiyah figures that is par excellence in the practical side, especially in the field of education and human welfare services. This is found “ideological mystery”. The mystery comes as no significance was found between the “epistemological problem” and the figure of par excellence

Gerak Ilmu dalam Perspektif Induktivisme dan Falsifikasionisme: tinjauan atas Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial dan Keislaman

This article examines the evolution of knowledge based on social sciences and Islamic review. According to Inductivism, the progress of science is unhistorical. Science should be supported by the number of observations that form the basis of induction. Inductivism acknowledges the help of information theory to formulate observations in order to make science improves mankind wisdom. In accordance with Falsifications, the evolution of science is historical. Science develops through the experiments and mistakes, with the allegation and denial. Its obsession is to increase the creative and fundamental theories to uncover the secrets of nature. In the Indonesian context, especially before 2003 and 2004, it can be mapped that the pattern of organizing and developing Islamic sciences is individual, meticulous in the preparation of science and careful in its development, while in its teaching applies falsification pattern. The writer offers to use Inductivism in its organisation, Falsificationism for its development and Inductivism for its teaching.Kata Kunci: Gerak ilmu, induktivisme, falsifikasionisme, ilmu-ilmu sosial, ilmu-ilmu keislama

'Playing by Foucault’s rules: Golder’s Foucault and the politics of rights' [Review] Ben Golder (2015) Foucault and the politics of rights

No description supplie

Analyzing the functions of human polynucleotide phosphorylase (hPNPaseold-35)

RNA degradation plays a fundamental role in maintaining cellular homeostasis, along with being a part of normal regulatory mechanisms, whether it occurs as a surveillance mechanism eliminating aberrant mRNAs or during RNA processing to generate mature transcripts. 3’-5’ exoribonucleases are essential mediators of RNA decay pathways, and one such evolutionarily conserved enzyme is polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase). The human homologue of this fascinating enzymatic protein (hPNPaseold-35) was cloned a decade ago in the context of terminal differentiation and senescence through a novel ‘overlapping pathway screening’ approach. Since then, significant insights have been garnered about this exoribonuclease and its repertoire of expanding functions. hPNPaseold-35 has progressed a long way from being just a 3’-5’ exoribonuclease to a functionally relevant molecule implicated in a multitude of diverse and important biological effects. hPNPaseold-35 plays central roles in diverse physiological processes including growth inhibition, senescence, mtRNA import, mitochondrial homeostasis, and RNA degradation, all while primarily being localized in the mitochondrial IMS (inter membrane space). hPNPaseold-35 also holds immense promise as a therapeutic agent due to its ability to degrade specific miRNA (miR-221) and mRNA (c-myc) species, and this property can be exploited in treating malignancies that are characterized by upregulation of harmful miRNA or mRNA molecules. But apart from these two targets, little is known about any other targets hPNPaseold-35 may degrade. Thus, the primary objective of this dissertation research was to identify targets other than c-myc or miR-221 that hPNPaseold-35 could directly degrade to discover newer and biologically relevant therapeutic targets for the treatment of hPNPaseold-35 –associated disease states. In order to do this we performed extensive microarray analyses following hPNPaseold-35 overexpression and depletion in mammalian cell lines, and were able to identify transcripts that could be potentially regulated by hPNPaseold-35 directly or indirectly. Apart from this we also analyzed the 3’UTR of c-myc in order to identify any specific sequence or secondary structural elements necessary for hPNPaseold-35 mediated degradation. Lastly, we identified certain residues in hPNPaseold-35 that have been under positive natural selection through evolution

Proceedings of Abstracts 13th International Conference on Air Quality: Science and Application

© 2022 The Author(s). This an open access work distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly citedThe presentations at the Conference address the diversity of scales, processes and interactions affecting air pollution and its impact on health and the environment. As usual, the conference is stimulating cross-fertilisation of ideas and cooperation between the different air pollution science and user communities. There is greater involvement of city, regional and global air pollution, climate change, users and health communities at the meeting. The focus of the international conference will be to discuss the latest scientific advances in the understanding of air pollution and its impacts on our health and environment. The conference will also discuss new applications and developments in management strategies and assessment tools for policy and decision makers

Oceanic phytoplankton, atmospheric aerosol and Raman scattering impacts on space-based ultraviolet radiance measurements

International audienceOceanic phytoplankton can affect in-water and atmospheric radiation fields. In this study, we develop case 1 (without noncovarying particles) and case 2 (including noncovarying particles) waters model including Raman scattering in order to examine the chlorophyll impacts on the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) Aerosol Index and aerosol single scattering albedo. The waters model is coupled with a radiation transfer model (VLIDORT) for calculating TOMS Aerosol Index and retrieval of aerosol single scattering albedo. The retrieval is constrained by chlorophyll concentration from Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) and Moderate Resolution Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MODIS) data, aerosol optical depth from MODIS, and aerosol vertical profiles from a global chemical transport model (GEOS-CHEM). We find the retrieved aerosol single scattering albedo is strongly influenced by chlorophyll concentration, particularly in the regions of subtropical Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean. The maximum deviation between the aerosol single scattering albedo retrieved with and withouout considering chlorophyll can reach 10 percent. Thus, it is important to take account of the phytoplankton impacts on atmospheric remote sensing measurements

An approach to predict population exposure to ambient air PM2.5 concentrations and its dependence on population activity for the megacity London

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. This manuscript is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Licence http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.A comprehensive modelling approach has been developed to predict population exposure to the ambient air PM2.5 concentrations in different microenvironments in London. The modelling approach integrates air pollution dispersion and exposure assessment, including treatment of the locations and time activity of the population in three microenvironments, namely, residential, work and transport, based on national demographic information. The approach also includes differences between urban centre and suburban areas of London by taking account of the population movements and the infiltration of PM2.5 from outdoor to indoor. The approach is tested comprehensively by modelling ambient air concentrations of PM2.5 at street scale for the year 2008, including both regional and urban contributions. Model analysis of the exposure in the three microenvironments shows that most of the total exposure, 85%, occurred at home and work microenvironments and 15% in the transport microenvironment. However, the annual population weighted mean (PWM) concentrations of PM2.5 for London in transport microenvironments were almost twice as high (corresponding to 13-20 µg/m3) as those for home and work environments (7-12 µg/m3). Analysis has shown that the PWM PM2.5 concentrations in central London were almost 20% higher than in the surrounding suburban areas. Moreover, the population exposure in the central London per unit area was almost three times higher than that in suburban regions. The exposure resulting from all activities, including outdoor to indoor infiltration, was about 20% higher, when compared with the corresponding value obtained assuming inside home exposure for all times. The exposure assessment methodology used in this study predicted approximately over one quarter (-28%) lower population exposure, compared with using simply outdoor concentrations at residential locations. An important implication of this study is that for estimating population exposure, one needs to consider the population movements, and the infiltration of pollution from outdoors to indoors.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio