An Exploration Of Geographic Scope: The Cluster Of Grenoble

This article examines the high-tech cluster of Grenoble in the light of regional studies. In particular, we explore the geographic scope of organizations, knowledge flows and risk perceptions. Using a large quantitative dataset, we observe that trial-driven synthetic knowledge-flow dynamics are generally based on the engineering sciences and develop over large distances, posing a challenge to well-established clusters. Our results emphasize significant differences across organization types (firms, research centers, universities, and public bodies) and organization sizes (small, medium, and large). We find that large firms develop knowledge-flows dynamics over greater distances than small firms and that research centers, universities and medium-sized firms perceive greater knowledge anchoring than do small and large firms. In addition, we find that theory-driven analytical and branding-driven symbolic knowledge are more anchored than synthetic knowledge, which is the type of knowledge of greatest value in information and communication technologies (ICT). Finally, we argue that the increase of geographical distance between knowledge senders and receivers increases the perception of the risk of unintended knowledge spillovers

Perception Of Television Advertising From Chinas Young Generation

This paper aims to examine the elements employed in television advertising, which affect consumer attitudes toward advertised products and brands. 384 young Chinese responded to a survey questionnaire. This paper finds that celebrity endorsement positively affects creativity in television advertising. The credibility of television advertisement positively affects the recall of products and brands. Celebrities in television advertising or people who have professional knowledge as endorsers decrease the credibility of television advertisements contrary to the results of previous research. Creativity in television advertising has a negative effect on the recalls of products and brands. This paper offers insight about the young generations perception of television advertising in China. It provides a debated perspective that creativity in television advertising negatively affects product and brand recalls

Contributions Of Talented People To Knowledge Management

This study focuses on major issues of talent management (TM) with respect to knowledge management (KM). Under the effect of the economic paradigm shift toward a knowledge-based economy, multiple human changes occurred and new challenges related to human capital and talent management requires new research in the field. The purpose of the article is to identify what are the contributions of “People hold a Job that require a High Level of Talent” (PJHLT) to knowledge management in terms of contribution to the value chain, to the creation, to the collective effort, to long distance dynamics, to absorption, transfer and learning, to innovation, and to the relationship with customers.   This article develops a hypothetic-deductive study on individuals’ self-perception regarding talent requirements at their jobs. We used quantitative data collection in the cluster of Grenoble in France specialized in micro-nano technologies and software. 111 organizations and 566 people contributed to the study. We identified three main findings. First, PJHLT are also more likely to be involved in exploration rather than examination. Second, PJHLT are more likely to be able to absorb, transfer, and learn within long-distance and knowledge-rich dynamics. Third, PJHLT are more likely to be involved in the creation of knowledge rather than in the use of knowledge, which may lead to frustration due to a perception of an unfair distribution of wealth. We identified limitations in our study related to the measurement of subjective variables, the lack of generalization, and the focus on the contribution as one aspect of talent. Addressing an original topic related to both talent management and knowledge management; we finally identify paths for further studies

Timbre and Rhythmic TRAP-TANDEM features for music information retrieval

The enormous growth of digital music databases has led to a comparable growth in the need for methods that help users organize and access such information. One area in particular that has seen much recent research activity is the use of automated techniques to describe audio content and to allow for its identification, browsing and retrieval. Conventional approaches to music content description rely on features characterizing the shape of the signal spectrum in relatively short-term frames. In the context of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), Hermansky \cite{Hermansky_1} described an interesting alternative to short-term spectrum features, the TRAP-TANDEM approach which uses long-term band-limited features trained in a supervised fashion. We adapt this idea to the specific case of music signals and propose a generic system for the description of temporal patterns. The same system with different settings is able to extract features describing either timbre or rhythmic content. The quality of the generated features is demonstrated in a set of music retrieval experiments and compared to other state-of-the-art models

Automatic vectorization in Faust

International audienceFaust is a Block-Diagram language for sound signal processing and synthesis. It implements a new algebraic representation of block-diagrams and adopts a functional model of semantics instead of a data flow model. Based on these elements, a compiler able to translate DSP block diagram specification into C code is briefly presented. The code produced proves to be efficient and can compete with a hand written code. The optimization process is even pushed further: the C code produced can be automatically vectorized to address Altivec extension for PowerPC (instruction-motorola) and SSE and SSE2 extensions for Intel architecture (instruction-intel). A method is proposed to determine whether or not a Faust expression can be vectorized by crossing a type information (synthesized during an upward run-around in the syntactic tree to be compiled) and a contextual information (inherited during a downward run-around in the syntactic tree). Thanks to this method, we are able to find expressions that can be vectorized inside recursive expressions that are not supposed to be vectorizable. The quality of the code produced by Faust is evaluated. On one hand, scalar code produced by Faust is compared to vector code produced by Faust, on the other hand, scalar and vector code are compared to code optimized by hand. In the end, we briefly present code transformations to vectorize the expressions classed as non-vectorizable by the previous method so that even better performances can be achieved in the future

Characterization of energy levels related to impurities in epitaxial 4H-SiC ion implanted p+n junctions

Abstract The distribution of energy levels within the bandgap of epitaxial 4H-SiC p + /n junctions was studied. The junction was obtained by Al ion implantation on a nitrogen doped n-type epitaxial substrate. Thermally stimulated currents/capacitance (TSC/TSCAP) as well as current/capacitance deep level transient spectroscopy (I- and C-DLTS) were carried out over a wide temperature range (20–400 K). The two TSC/DLTS peaks associated with N-doping were detected for the first time and their trap signatures determined. Two hole traps relating to deep and shallow boron confirm that a boron contamination occurred during crystal growth. A negligible concentration of the Z 1/2 level, which is usually the dominant level produced by irradiation of ion implant, was measured. The concentrations of all observed traps were significantly lower than nitrogen one, which determines the doping. This evidence supports the high quality of the processed junctions, making these devices particularly attractive for future use in particle detection as well as in optoelectronic applications

Comparative analysis between subjective and instrumental quality assessment through advanced technology: a pilot study on tennis serve

The purpose of this study in the first instance is to evaluate objectively, with data provided by latest-generation inertial sensors, the dynamic qualities of the technical-sporting gestures such as serve in tennis. Furthermore, the possible correlation between the aforementioned data and the evaluation monitoring of the specialized technical staff (Italian Tennis Federation qualified Coach) was assessed, in essence, a comparison between objective instrumental data and quality technical analysis. The study is not based on probative statistical numbers, five athletes, but the interest of the research is focused on establishing the validity, reliability and reproducibility of the information deriving from the acquisition with inertial instrumentation in the sport of tennis. The work seemed useful also by virtue of the fact that in the literature not many works have been produced on the subject at the moment, and in any case not with the latest technologies as in our case (K-Track, K-Sport Universal, Stats Perform, Montecchio PU, Italy). As mentioned, the research took into consideration the technical fundamental of the serve, an element that has taken on more and more importance in modern tennis in the achievement of the point and therefore in the result of the game. The serve is the stroke that marks the beginning of each point and that can influence the continuance of the same. Moreover, due to the speed of the surfaces of the fields and the game, the serve became in effect a substantial percentage of the final victory of the match. This is the basic motivation that led us to analyse this fundamental and its biomechanical composition, however, highlighting those elements that best qualify the gesture in a performative sense, trying to establish parameters that can be considered helpful for the technical staff and for the tennis player,in order to improve their performance. Keywords: IMU, tennis serve, comparative analysis, technical evaluation, professional evaluation, physical dat

Thermal donors formation via isothermal annealing in magnetic Czochralski high resistivity silicon

A quantitative study about the thermal activation of oxygen related thermal donors in high resistivity p-type magnetic Czochralski silicon has been carried out. Thermal donor formation has been performed through isothermal annealing at 430°C up to a total time of 120min. Space charge density after each annealing step has been measured by transient current technique. The localized energy levels related to thermal double donors (TD) have been observed and studied in details by thermally stimulated currents (TSCs) in the range of 10–70K, and activation energies E and effective cross sections σ have been determined for both the emissions TD0∕+ (E=75±5meV, σ=4×10−14cm2) and TD+∕+ (E=170±5meV, σ=2×10−12cm2). The evolution of the space charge density caused by annealing has been unambiguously related to the activation of TDs by means of current deep level transient spectroscopy TSC, and current transients at constant temperature i(t,T). Our results show that TDs compensate the initial boron doping, eventually provoking the sign inversion of the space charge density. TD's generation rate has been found to be linear with the annealing time and to depend critically on the initial interstitial oxygen concentration, in agreement with previous models developed on low resistivity silicon