Sakthivel, M.

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IR South Eastern University of Sri Lanka

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF XANI TRIBAL SETTLEMENT AND
LAND USE DYNAfuTISM IN KODAYAR RIVER BASIN IN
WESTERN GHATS REGION OF KATWAKUMARI DISTRTCT,
TAMILNADU * INDIA. A GIS PERSPECTIVE
Dr. M. Sakthivel
D epartm ent of G e o gr aphy,
University of Madras, INDU
Abstract:
Tribal Geography would demand a ffiore systematic study of tribes, both spatially and
temporally. Tribal in India from the very early segments of the Indian saciety with
their traditional skills. A tribe inhabits and remains within a definite and common
topography. The study area Kodayar river bssin in the Western Ghats Region af
Kanyakumari District is located in the southern most part of India, in Tarnilnadw
state. It lies between }in 2l'N rc d ls'N and zf lz' 35" E n 7f 20' E. It is
bordered on the west and north by Kerala state with an area of 331 km2 in Tqmilnadu
respectively. The 1981 tatal tribal population af about I6j5 persons in Kodayar river
basin. However, 2001 the tatal tribal population of about 1946 persons. The main
objectives of the present study is To analyzing the spatial and temporal distribution
af Kani tribal during 1967 to 2005 and To understanding the Land use dynamism
and settlement pattern af Kani tribes. The Kodayar river basin is covered by forests
having varying canopy densities, forest Planiqtion, Open Scrub, Grass land, Crop
land, Rock aut crop and Water bodies. The dense forests are spread over tlte entire
Kodayar basin in patches. The Kodayar River is divided into two catchments areas,
that is, the Upper Kodayar and Lower Kodayar. The river has been harnessed
mainly far electricity generation at the Upper Kodayar region and for irrigation a
dam has been constructed at Pechiparai and three other dams constructed across
Lower Kodayar, Chittar 
- 
I and Chittar 
- 
II. There are 30 Kant settlements in the
.forests of the Western Ghats Region af Kanyakumari district. It covers an area of
6.85 km2, which is about 1.4 per cent of the Kanyakumari District. Between 1967
and 1997, the Cropland areo has declinedfrom 25.4 per cent to 22.1 percent, but the
Plantation area increosed from 17.6 per cent ta 25 per cent. The main reason far the
selection of the present study named "Kqni tribal Settlement and Lsnd Use Dynamism
in Kanayakumari District spe cifi cally.
Nagalar Sub-watershed is a micro-watershed lying in the Yaraha Watershed of
Vaigai River Basin in southern Tamil Nadu, India. The aresl extent of the watershed
is about j38 Sq.krn.
!:;r: c 139


Spatial distribution of kani tribal settlement and land use dynamism in kodayar river basin in western ghats region of Kanyakumari district, Tamilnadu- India- a GIS  perspective

http://ir.lib.seu.ac.lk/bitstream/123456789/1723/1/39.pdf

Spatial distribution of kani tribal settlement and land use dynamism in kodayar river basin in western ghats region of Kanyakumari district, Tamilnadu- India- a GIS perspective

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IR South Eastern University of Sri Lanka