Analysis of Automobile Advertisements in American Magazines

The automobile is one of the most important products in American consumer culture. Throughout the history of the automobile industry in America, advertising has been an important strategy for marketing automobiles and their features to consumers on a mass scale. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how print (magazine) automobile advertisements have changed through time (1960-2013) and across different genres of magazines: general (National Geographic, New Yorker), male-oriented (Esquire), female-oriented (Cosmopolitan), and ethnic (Ebony). The trends that we examined included: numbers and proportions of car advertisements, relative numbers of domestic and foreign car advertisements, and the mix of automobile features. We found that the total number of car advertisements per magazine peaked in the late 1990s overall, with differences among the magazine genres. The number of advertisements for cars produced by American manufacturers peaked in the mid-1990s. The number of foreign car advertisements significantly increased after 1975, with Japanese cars leading this group. We discuss the trends in advertising parameters over time and across magazine genres in light of changes in buyer attitudes, including attitudes towards the environment

Pacific bonito management information document

Management of Pacific bonito in California is examined in this Management Information Document by a State-Federal team of scientists. Abundance of Pacific bonito in southern California has fallen dramatically between the 1963-1969 period and the 1974-1977 period. Since 1976 the commercia1 fleet has found few large fish in southern California, and has caught fish in the size range of 15 to 57 cm (1.2 to 4.7 pounds). This fact, coupled with the low abundance indices, point out the need for a more active management regime. To develop management measures for the California bonito fishery both a surplus yield analysis and a yield-per-recruit analysis were performed. A maximum sustained yield of 10,000 short tons was estimated for the fishery in southern California, while the whole fishery, including Baja California, has an estimated MSY of 13,000 tons. In order to achieve this level of catch, however, the stock abundance must be increased by a factor of five. Yield-per-recruit considerations suggest that a minimum size limit in the commercial fishery has two important effects. A three-pound size limit could result in a slight increase in yield-per-recruit. If the size limit is increased to 5 or 7.5 lbs, the yield-per-recruit would fall significantly. Offsetting the effect on yield-per-recruit, however, would be a substantial increase in average amount of spawning per recruit which should result in a proportional increase in recruitment. With the current depressed stock abundance both a reduced annual take and a minimum size limit on commercial catch would confer substantial benefits in the form of an increase in the future stock size. After considering seven different types of management measures, the team finds that three types -- an annual commercial catch quota, a commercial size limit, and a recreational bag limit -- appear desirable. Re-establishment of the stock in southern California was the major consideration in this evaluation because the stock is currently depressed. All segments of the fishery will benefit from a more abundant resource. The difficult issues for policy, however, concern the rate of rebuilding, the degree of risk that is acceptable, and the distribution of benefits among user groups. By judicious choice among the options discussed here, a variety of positions can be established with respect to these issues. The greater the size limit, for instance, the more benefit is provided the recreational sector while difficulties are imposed upon commercial fishermen. The higher the quotas adopted, the slower the stock rebuilding and the greater the risk of continued stock depletion. A final reconciliation of the management options involves social, political and legal considerations which must be thoroughly incorporated by decision-makers before adoption of a management plan. (93pp.

Os mapuches e o Estado neuquino: algumas características da política indígena

En el presente trabajo describimos y analizamos los procesos de disputa que en los planos identitario, territorial y de las políticas públicas, el pueblo originario mapuche lleva a cabo frente a diversos grupos de poder locales y ante el Estado provincial neuquino en la región de Norpatagonia, Argentina.The main goal of this article is to describe and analyze those conflicts related to Mapuche struggle over identity and territory, against several groups in Neuquén, in the Northpatagonian Region, Argentina.Neste artigo pretende-se desenvolver um analise e uma reflexão sobre os processos relativos a disputas identitárias, territoriais y de políticas oficiais que o povo mapuche desenvolve em sua luta frente a interesses distintos (grupos de poder locais, o Estado provincial neuquino), na região de Norpatagonia, Argentina.Fil: Radovich, Juan Carlos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Discusiones en torno a Movimientos Milenaristas en el Chaco

Sección 4. El ambiente y lo socioambiental. En el presente trabajo describiremos y analizaremos dos trabajos elaborados por Leopoldo J. Bartolomé a principios de la década de los ‘70, sobre movimientos milenaristas ocurridos en la región del Chaco, Argentina, entre los años 1905 y 1933, que involucraron a población aborigen. Asimismo retomaremos algunas discusiones académicas que se plantearon en la época de publicación de los artículos, en relación a cómo fueron interpretados y explicados dichos movimientos por diferentes autore

Selecting background galaxies in weak-lensing analysis of galaxy clusters

In this paper, we present a new method to select the faint, background galaxies used to derive the mass of galaxy clusters by weak lensing. The method is based on the simultaneous analysis of the shear signal, that should be consistent with zero for the foreground, unlensed galaxies, and of the colors of the galaxies: photometric data from the COSMic evOlution Survey are used to train the color selection. In order to validate this methodology, we test it against a set of state-of-the-art image simulations of mock galaxy clusters in different redshift [$0.23-0.45$] and mass [$0.5-1.55\times10^{15}M_\odot$] ranges, mimicking medium-deep multicolor imaging observations (e.g. SUBARU, LBT). The performance of our method in terms of contamination by unlensed sources is comparable to a selection based on photometric redshifts, which however requires a good spectral coverage and is thus much more observationally demanding. The application of our method to simulations gives an average ratio between estimated and true masses of $\sim 0.98 \pm 0.09$. As a further test, we finally apply our method to real data, and compare our results with other weak lensing mass estimates in the literature: for this purpose we choose the cluster Abell 2219 ($z=0.228$), for which multi-band (BVRi) data are publicly available.Comment: MNRAS, Accepted 2016 February 2

Policy analysis of invasive species regulations in Sydney Harbour and San Francisco Bay

The demand for the mass transportation of goods throughout the world is threatening the biodiversity and native habitats of local scale aquatic assemblages. Efforts to preserve and protect marine communities are hampered by the danger of invasive species coming into native harbor community assemblages. In order to manage and conserve these ecosystems, it is necessary that we research and compiled the species in order to gain a better understanding of how legislation and regulations can be used in order to create systems that are sustainable for all species. The goal of this capstone is to examine current and past legislation and regulations as well as look at the species assemblages in San Francisco Bay and Sydney Harbour. We conducted an analysis and evaluation on the current policies of the harbors. To do this, previous data and research were examined; policies and laws were ascertained; and the ongoing impacts of invasive species were determined. Through a literature search we identified all the recorded known species present in each harbor and conducted biodiversity comparisons on the taxa. This paper analyzes and compares a range of factors that may influence policy implementation and legislation in the United States and Australia. Based on reviews of policy and literature, the cross country comparative analysis reveals the challenges and opportunities of the policies in each setting, and the relative strengths and weaknesses of the difference implementation approaches. The paper concludes with recommendations for the United States and Australia in terms of legislative approaches and a do nothing approach

AMICO galaxy clusters in KiDS-DR3: sample properties and selection function

We present the first catalogue of galaxy cluster candidates derived from the third data release of the Kilo Degree Survey (KiDS-DR3). The sample of clusters has been produced using the Adaptive Matched Identifier of Clustered Objects (AMICO) algorithm. In this analysis AMICO takes advantage of the luminosity and spatial distribution of galaxies only, not considering colours. In this way, we prevent any selection effect related to the presence or absence of the red-sequence in the clusters. The catalogue contains 7988 candidate galaxy clusters in the redshift range 0.13.5 with a purity approaching 95% over the entire redshift range. In addition to the catalogue of galaxy clusters we also provide a catalogue of galaxies with their probabilistic association to galaxy clusters. We quantify the sample purity, completeness and the uncertainties of the detection properties, such as richness, redshift, and position, by means of mock galaxy catalogues derived directly from the data. This preserves their statistical properties including photo-z uncertainties, unknown absorption across the survey, missing data, spatial correlation of galaxies and galaxy clusters. Being based on the real data, such mock catalogues do not have to rely on the assumptions on which numerical simulations and semi-analytic models are based on. This paper is the first of a series of papers in which we discuss the details and physical properties of the sample presented in this work.Comment: 16 pages, 14 figures, 3 tables, submitted to MNRA