Hierarchical video surveillance architecture: a chassis for video big data analytics and exploration

There is increasing reliance on video surveillance systems for systematic derivation, analysis and interpretation of the data needed for predicting, planning, evaluating and implementing public safety. This is evident from the massive number of surveillance cameras deployed across public locations. For example, in July 2013, the British Security Industry Association (BSIA) reported that over 4 million CCTV cameras had been installed in Britain alone. The BSIA also reveal that only 1.5% of these are state owned. In this paper, we propose a framework that allows access to data from privately owned cameras, with the aim of increasing the efficiency and accuracy of public safety planning, security activities, and decision support systems that are based on video integrated surveillance systems. The accuracy of results obtained from government-owned public safety infrastructure would improve greatly if privately owned surveillance systems ‘expose’ relevant video-generated metadata events, such as triggered alerts and also permit query of a metadata repository. Subsequently, a police officer, for example, with an appropriate level of system permission can query unified video systems across a large geographical area such as a city or a country to predict the location of an interesting entity, such as a pedestrian or a vehicle. This becomes possible with our proposed novel hierarchical architecture, the Fused Video Surveillance Architecture (FVSA). At the high level, FVSA comprises of a hardware framework that is supported by a multi-layer abstraction software interface. It presents video surveillance systems as an adapted computational grid of intelligent services, which is integration-enabled to communicate with other compatible systems in the Internet of Things (IoT)

Panchayat Raj institutions and local development in Madhya Pradesh and Orissa, India: synthesis of findings and recommendations (NRI report no. 2716)

In 1993 the National Parliament in India passed the 73rd and the 74th amendments related to establishment of local governments in rural and urban areas, respectively. These amendments contained some provisions that were mandatory and others of a discretionary nature. This report discusses the implementation of the 73rd Amendment in the two states of MP and Orissa

ARTHROSCOPY IN POST TOTAL KNEE REPLACEMENT WITH PIGMENTED VILLONODULAR SYNOVITIS

INTRODUCTION Arthroscopy after total knee replacement is required at times for various indications. Postoperative stiffness requiring arthrolysis, removal of cement fragments and other loose bodies, problems related to patellar tracking and synovitis are the main indications. A proliferative condition known as pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) affects the synovial joints and causes bone erosions, massive effusions, and villous or nodular alterations in the synovial tissue [1]. PVNS following total knee replacement is uncommon. This locally aggressive lesion, which typically affects large joints, most frequently the knee, is poorly understood. We presented a rare case report of a patient who, five years after having primary TKA, developed recurrent pain and hemarthrosis as a result of PVNS

Achieving District-Wide Quality and Sustainability with the SBM-G Across Uttar Pradesh: A Rapid Action Sharing, Learning and Planning Workshop Report

A regional workshop to share, learn and plan with quality and sustainability in the context of Swachh Bharat Mission was held in Varanasi on 11th to 13th January 2018. It brought together 75 participants from seven districts of Uttar Pradesh (Bhadohi, Chanduali, Ghazipur, Jaunpur, Mirzapur, Sonabhadra and Varanasi) across Varanasi and Vindhyachal Divisions. The workshop was designed to provide and facilitate a learning platform for sharing experiences and ideas between districts. The key learnings identified by participants included the need for: new GP level events and activities including ‘swachhta Olympics’, training and strengthening Nigrani Samiti’s etc; ideas about block level activities for example block war rooms and monitoring systems and the decentralisation of IEC funds; different IEC ideas such as organising trips to well performing villages, community-wide events and celebrations, utilising religious festivals etc; better ways to effectively manage and operate of school and Anganwadi toilets.Funded by the Swedish International Development Cooperation (Sida)

Fifteen-year incidence rate and risk factors of pterygium in the Southern Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.

PURPOSE: To report 15-year incidence rate and associated risk factors of pterygium among people aged 30 years and above at baseline in the rural clusters of longitudinal Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study (APEDS III). METHODS: The baseline APEDS I included 7771 participants of which 6447 (83%) were traced and 5395 (83.7%) were re-examined in APEDS III. To estimate the incidence of pterygium, we selected participants who were 30 years and above at baseline (4188), of which 2976 were traced and 2627 (88.3%) were examined, and based on inclusion criteria, 2290 participants were included in the study. The incidence rate of pterygium was defined as the proportion of people free of pterygium at baseline who had developed the condition at 15-year follow-up (range 13-17 years). Univariate and multivariable analyses for risk factors were undertaken. RESULTS: The sex-adjusted incidence rate of pterygium was 25.2 per 100 person-years (95% CI 24.8 to 25.7) which was significantly higher for men than women (26.3 per 100 person-years (95% CI 25.6 to 27.0) and 24.7 (95% CI 24.1 to 25.3) respectively). At the multivariable analysis, male gender (RR: 1.35, 95% CI 1.0 to 1.83), no formal education (RR: 2.46, 95% CI 1.22 to 4.93), outdoor occupation (RR: 1.47, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.9) and lower body mass index (BMI) (<18.5) (RR: 1.25, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.55) were associated with increased risk of pterygium. CONCLUSIONS: The overall incidence rate of pterygium was high in this rural population, especially in men and those engaged in outdoor activities, lack of formal education and with lower BMI. It is likely that greater exposure to ultraviolet light is a major contributing factor, thus warranting preventive strategies

Case Comment: Aditya Minerals V. Commissioner of Income Tax

Section 37(1) of the Income Tax Act, 1961 says that any expenditure (not being of that nature as mentioned in sections 30 to 36 and not capital expenditure or personal expenses of assessee), laid out or expended wholly or exclusively for the purposes of the business or profession shall be allowed in computing the income chargeable under the head “Profits and gains of business or profession.” According to the explanation pertaining to this section any expenditure incurred by an assessee for any purpose which is an offence or which is prohibited by law shall not be deemed to have been incurred for the purpose of business or profession and no deduction or allowance shall be made in respect of such expenditure

Chronic Disease Self-Management Challenges among Rural Women Living with HIV/AIDS in Prakasam, Andhra Pradesh, India: A Qualitative Study.

Rural women living with HIV/AIDS (WLHA) in India experience challenges self-managing HIV/AIDS in their rural communities. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore factors influencing their care and antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence. Themes that emerged from the qualitative focus groups among WLHA (N = 24) in rural Prakasam, Andhra Pradesh, India, included: (1) coming to know about HIV and other health conditions, (2) experiences being on ART, (3) challenges maintaining a nutritious diet, (4) factors affecting health care access and quality, and (5) seeking support for a better future. Chronic disease self-management in rural locales is challenging, given the number of barriers which rural women experience on a daily basis. These findings suggest a need for individual- and structural-level supports that will aid in assisting rural WLHA to self-manage HIV/AIDS as a chronic illness