Experimental study of the brittle–ductile transition in hot cutting of SG iron specimens

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924013612002579The present paper investigates the brittle-ductile transition (BDT) of the primary shear zone during cutting of spheroidal graphite (SG) iron in the austenitization temperature range (around 1000 °C). The experimental tests were performed using a cutting test bench in the cutting speed range of 0.8 to 1.6m.s-1. The cut surfaces were studied using optical microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis techniques. The obtained results revealed either consequent deep fractured regions governed by a brittle-cracking regime (BCR) or a crack-free cut surface governed by a ductile-shear regime (DSR) with large plastic deformations. When cutting data were discussed with respect to the influences of cutting parameters and obtained cut surface, the correlation is significantly rich. Both cut surface integrity, cutting force curves and metallographic results show a BDT indicating a change in the dominating hot cutting process mechanism. Such a transition is associated with the dynamic recrystallization promoting strain softening and hot cutting by ductile shearing

Comprehensive planning and resilience: a study of Louisiana parishes after Hurricane Katrina

When hurricanes Katrina and Rita hit in 2005, widespread devastation was felt in over half of the parishes in the state. More than 200,000 homes were damaged and more than 1500 people lost their lives. During this transitionary period, communities were vulnerable and looked for rebuilding leadership. As part of a post-catastrophe resilience movement, the Louisiana Recovery Authority formulated a 50-year regional plan for recovering south Louisiana called Louisiana Speaks. This planning process opened up an opportunity to reach those communities that otherwise may not have considered planning or how it could help them prepare for future events. This places Louisiana in a unique position to study how these events may have affected planning and resilience objectives in parishes throughout the state. In this thesis the following questions are examined: 1.Has there been any change in the number of plans adopted following the active hurricane seasons of 2005 and 2008? 2.What factors are associated with levels of planning in Louisiana at the parish scale since 2005? 3.Has there been more attention to resilience in planning since 2005? These questions were examined by sending out a survey to all parish planning departments or parish administration. The responses, combined with demographic data such as parish density, population change, education level, and median income, showed that there are more comprehensive plans adopted per year now than there were prior to 2005. The research also showed that more rural parishes are adopting comprehensive planning as a way to preserve their rural character against future growth. Parishes are also moving towards resilience planning, as a way to combine land use planning with tools to protect their parish from future natural disasters. This research shows that framing comprehensive planning as resilience planning may have more impact in Louisiana than it would have prior to 2005

Digital image correlation as a usefful tool of analysis of hot cutting process

This study deals with the use of Digital Image Correlation (DIC) to investigate the physical phenomena taking place during the orthogonal cutting of a SG iron specimen at high temperature (around 1,000 °C). After h aving recalled the scientific and industrial context, the experimental procedure developed to record the pictures of the tool covered with a speckle pattern at a frequency of 10,000 Hz (thanks to a high speed camera) is explained. The quantitative exploitation of these recordings is leading to a first set of results showing how the cutting speed and the rake angle of the tool have an influence on the physics of the cutting operation.Arts et Métiers ParisTech - DGAR

The level of foster parent satisfaction with the Department of Children\u27s Services

This research project surveyed San Bernardino County non-relative licensed foster parents to assess their level of satisfaction with the Department of Children\u27s Services. This research also explored factors related to communication and feelings of support and determined their impact on over all feelings of satisfaction with the agency

Employee Responses To Psychological Contract Breach And Violation: Intentions To Leave The Job, Employer Or Profession

Empirical research supports the idea that the perception of under-fulfillment of psychological contract (i.e., breach and violation) increases the willingness to leave the employer via turnover cognitions (i.e., available alternatives and search a job). Further research indicates that employee turnover is not only restricted to the notion of an employee leaving an employer to join another employer. To go beyond this restriction, data were collected among a sample of professional employees. The results suggest that when employees feel that under-fulfillment of psychological contract occur, they may leave the organization or the current job for one another by in the same organization, but did not consider leaving the profession. Findings are discussed in light of relevant literature

Pasteurellose de la Poule et du Lapin. Essais de vaccination et de contamination

Sur la Poule et sur le Lapin, nous avons recherché s’il était possible d’obtenir pratiquement, avec la culture tuée d’une souche choléra, une résistance assez nette pour que le produit puisse être conseillé. Le matériel vaccinal contient 30 milliards de corps bactériens par centimètre cube. A cette dose, en péritoine, il tue le Cobaye en seize heures de moyenne, par intoxication aiguë. Les Poules qui reçoivent ce matériel dans diverses conditions succombent, comme les témoins, à l’épreuve sévère par inoculation. A l’épreuve de contamination par séjour prolongé en milieu naturellement ou 'artificiellement infecté, elles ne témoignent non plus d’aucune résistance vaccinale acquise. L’expérience de contamination, poursuivie pendant deux mois, prouve que le choléra est beaucoup moins contagieux, pour la Poule qu’on l’admet habituellement. Ainsi s’explique le succès apparent de certains vaccins commerciaux. Le Lapin se comporte tout autrement que la Poule ; il s’immunise beaucoup plus facilement et beaucoup mieux. L’expérience de contamination, conduite comme chez la Poule, confirme que la pasteurellose est très contagieuse pour le Lapin : tous les animaux neufs contractèrent la maladie sous la forme aiguë, septicémique. Chez les vaccinés aussi la contagion s’effectua, mais avec des conséquences tout autres que pour les animaux neufs. L’un d’eux, il est vrai, succomba, mais à la forme subaiguë — malgré que l’infection eût été déterminée par la Pastourelle hypervirulente — preuve de la résistance qu’il avait acquise sous l’influence de la vaccination. Les deux autres résistèrent parfaitement ; eux non plus n’avaient cependant pas échappé à la contagion, mais elle n’avait fait que renforcer la résistance vaccinale, ainsi que le prouva leur comportement devant une épreuve très sévère par inoculation. Travail de l’Institut Mérieux (Lyon).Paille R. Pasteurellose de la Poule et du Lapin. Essais de vaccination et de contamination. In: Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France tome 101 n°4, 1948. pp. 157-162

Tularémie. Contribution au diagnostic expérimental

Paille R. Tularémie. Contribution au diagnostic expérimental. In: Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France tome 103 n°7, 1950. pp. 377-379

Rouget du Porc. Observations concernant le rôle étiologique des causes adjuvantes (Première note)

Paille R. Rouget du Porc, observations concernant le rôle étiologique des causes adjuvantes (première note). In: Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France tome 102 n°7, 1949. pp. 269-273