On the coexistence of Landau levels and superconductivity

In unconventional high temperature superconductors, supercurrent vortices are known to spoil the Landau levels. In this thesis the emergence of Landau levels is studied in different types of superconductors: Weyl superconductors, and the Fu-Kane heterostructure. It is shown that in those materials the zeroth Landau level can withstand the scattering off vortices.</table

Rights of homeless persons in the universal system of protection of human rights

PURPOSE: There is no doubt that homelessness is one of the greatest problems of the 21st century that has contributed to the deepening of social inequalities and discrimination, making extensive groups of people without a place to live vulnerable to being unable to exercise fundamental rights and freedoms. The aim of the paper is to answer the following research question—are rights of homeless persons protected under the universal system of human rights?DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: Basic research methods used in this study include the analytical method with a particular focus on the work of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. Additionally, the method of interpretation of norms of applicable law will also be used and aided by the statistical method.FINDINGS: The research results have confirmed that the public international law analyses include regulations that refer to the protection of homeless persons under the universal system. It is necessary for states to increase funds allocated to fight the adverse consequences of a lack of a place to live, and international organizations (most of all the UN and its specialized agencies) should play a special role in coordinating such tasks.PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The research presented in the paper is particularly important for the protection of fundamental human rights and as a result it specifies possible further support for persons in the homelessness crisis and new directions of development of relevant policies of states and international organizations, which has a crucial practical relevance.ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The research will allow a look at the international system of protection of human rights from the perspective of homeless persons, pointing to the scope of rights they are afforded and the possibility to exercise them.The author would like to express his gratitude to the Institute of Legal Studies, Faculty of Law and Administration, University of Szczecin (Poland) for the financial support given to this research.peer-reviewe

XMM-Newton and INTEGRAL observations of the bright GRB 230307A : vanishing of the local absorption and limits on the dust in the Magellanic Bridge

230307A is the second brightest gamma ray burst detected in more than 50 years of observations and is located in the direction of the Magellanic Bridge. Despite its long duration, it is most likely the result of the compact merger of a binary ejected from a galaxy in the local universe (redshift z=0.065). Our XMM-Newton observation of its afterglow at 4.5 days shows a power-law spectrum with photon index $\Gamma =1.73 \pm0.10$, unabsorbed flux $F_{0.3-10\,\rm keV}=(8.8\pm0.5)\times 10^{-14}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ and no absorption in excess of that produced in our Galaxy and in the Magellanic Bridge. We derive a limit of $N_{\rm H}^{\rm HOST} < 5\times 10^{20}$ cm$^{-2}$ on the absorption at the GRB redshift, which is a factor $\sim\,$5 below the value measured during the prompt phase. We searched for the presence of dust scattering rings with negative results and set an upper limit of the order of $A_V<0.05$ on the absorption from dust in the Magellanic Bridge.Comment: Version accepted for publication on The Astrophysical Journal (a few changes and more figures

Generalized eigenproblem without fermion doubling for Dirac fermions on a lattice

The spatial discretization of the single-cone Dirac Hamiltonian on the surface of a topological insulator or superconductor needs a special "staggered" grid, to avoid the appearance of a spurious second cone in the Brillouin zone. We adapt the Stacey discretization from lattice gauge theory to produce a generalized eigenvalue problem, of the form ${\mathcal H}\psi=E {\mathcal P}\psi$, with Hermitian tight-binding operators ${\mathcal H}$, ${\mathcal P}$, a locally conserved particle current, and preserved chiral and symplectic symmetries. This permits the study of the spectral statistics of Dirac fermions in each of the four symmetry classes A, AII, AIII, and D.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figure

Antioxidant response of vitamin A during the exposure of blood platelets to electromagnetic radiation generated by LCD monitors - in vitro study

The article presents the results of in vitro studies aimed at identifying changes in activity of the enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) as a parameter of oxidative stress and protective antioxidant role of vitamin A during the exposure of blood platelets to electromagnetic radiation (EMR) generated by LCD monitors. Blood platelets were exposed to an electromagnetic radiation for 30 min. and 60 min. generated by monitors, which is characterized by parameters: 1 kHz frequency and 220 V/m intensity. The enzymatic activity of SOD-1 increases significantly compared to control values after 30 min. of exposure to EMR (from 2523.39 U/g protein to 3896.15 U/g protein), and decreases after 60 min (to 2846.58 U/g protein). A significant decrease in enzyme activity after the addition of vitamin A was noticed (to 1569.54 U/g protein). In samples exposed for 30 min. the SOD activity was significantly increased by addition of vitamin A and decreases after 60 min. Changes in enzymatic activity of SOD-1 dependent on exposure time and application of vitamin A suggest an important preventive role of vitamin A to protect against the effects of EMR which we are exposed to in everyday life. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.32160

Problematyka translacyjno-dydaktyczna w Misyjnym Seminarium Duchownym na przykładzie wybranych biblizmów

The authors scrutinize the notion of biblisms from the point of view of didactics and translation. Biblisms, phraseological units derived from or motivated by the Bible translations, pose a considerable difficulty in the translation process, especially for missionaries and seminary students. To begin with, the authors put forward their own extensive typology of biblisms. Equivalence, a crucial factor behind the translation process, is then analyzed along with typical sources of errors in the translation process. The analysis of the author’s research, the theory of translation and phraseodidactics foundations resulted in generation of teaching techniques and specific teaching materials to be implemented in the seminary classes.Artykuł dotyczy badań nad frazeologią języka specjalistycznego, jakim posługują się misjonarze oblaci. Badania rozpoczyna usystematyzowanie dostępnej wiedzy na temat biblizmów i zaproponowanie szczegółowej typologii biblizmów, po czym omówiony jest proces translacji biblizmów. Frazeodydaktyka jest ogniwem łączącym teorię nauki o związkach wyrazowych z procesem dydaktycznym. Po przeanalizowaniu wyników testu diagnostycznego wśród studentów i ojców oblatów w świetle teorii translacji następuje przygotowanie konkretnych technik nauczania biblizmów, dostosowanych do specyficznych potrzeb użytkowników badanego języka specjalistycznego

Tangent fermions: Dirac or Majorana fermions on a lattice without fermion doubling

I. Introduction II. Two-dimensional lattice fermions III. Methods to avoid fermion doubling (sine dispersion, sine plus cosine dispersion, staggered lattice dispersion, linear sawtooth dispersion, tangent dispersion) IV. Topologically protected Dirac cone V. Application: Klein tunneling (tangent fermions on a space-time lattice, wave packet propagation) VI. Application: Strong antilocalization (transfer matrix of tangent fermions, topological insulator versus graphene) VII. Application: Anomalous quantum Hall effect (gauge invariant tangent fermions, topologically protected zeroth Landau level) VIII. Application: Majorana metal (Dirac versus Majorana fermions, phase diagram) IX. OutlookComment: review article, 26 pages, 13 figures; V2: added three appendices, and provided code for the various implementation

Magnetic breakdown spectrum of a Kramers-Weyl semimetal

We calculate the Landau levels of a Kramers-Weyl semimetal thin slab in a perpendicular magnetic field $B$. The coupling of Fermi arcs on opposite surfaces broadens the Landau levels with a band width that oscillates periodically in $1/B$. We interpret the spectrum in terms of a one-dimensional superlattice induced by magnetic breakdown at Weyl points. The band width oscillations may be observed as $1/B$-periodic magnetoconductance oscillations, at weaker fields and higher temperatures than the Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations due to Landau level quantization. No such spectrum appears in a generic Weyl semimetal, the Kramers degeneracy at time-reversally invariant momenta is essential.Comment: 13 pages, 18 figure