The quality of attractions and the satisfaction, benefits and behavioural intentions of visitors: verification of a model

The study is an attempt to verify a model of the relations between motivation, quality of attraction, benefits, satisfaction and the behavioural intentions of visitors to tourism attractions. The data for the analysis was collected from 582 visitors during the 10th Archaeological Festival at Biskupin. It was noted that the effect of the quality of the attraction on behavioural intentions leads to the benefits gained by the visitors. Benefits have a stronger total effect on behavioural intentions than visitor satisfaction

The isovector effective charge and the staggering of the 2+ to 0+ transition probabilities in the Titanium isotopes

In an effort to understand the magical status of N=32 and N=34 at the very neutron rich edge, experiments have been carried out in the Titanium isotopes up to A=56. The measured staggering of the B(E2)'s is not reproduced by the shell model calculations using the best effective interactions. We argue that this may be related to the choice of the isovector effective charge and to the value of the N=34 neutron gap.Comment: 2 pages, 2 figure

Phyllobates terribilis

Number of Pages: 5Integrative BiologyGeological Science

Lifetimes of 26Al and 34Cl in an astrophysical plasma

We study here the onset of thermal equilibrium affecting the lifetimes of 26Al and 34Cl nuclei within a hot astrophysical photon gas. The 26Al isotope is of prime interest for gamma ray astronomy with the observation of its delayed (t_1\2=0.74 My) 1.809MeV gamma-ray line. Its nucleosynthesis is complicated by the presence of a short lived (t_1\2=6.34s) spin isomer. A similar configuration is found in 34Cl where the decay of its isomer (34mCl, t_1\2=32m) is followed by delayed gamma-ray emission with characteristic energies. The lifetimes of such nuclei are reduced at high temperature by the thermal population of shorter lived levels. However, thermal equilibrium within 26Al and 34Cl levels is delayed by the presence of the isomer. We study here the transition to thermal equilibrium where branching ratios for radiative transitions are needed in order to calculate lifetimes. Since some of these very small branching ratios are not known experimentally, we use results of shell model calculations.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, Latex, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

The use of perioperative physiotherapy methods in surgical treatment of idiopathic scoliosis – an analysis of the latest reports and scientific literature

Introduction. The term of idiopathic scoliosis refers to a change (deformity) of uncertain etiology related to improper setting of the spine, of a lateral curvature greater than 10 degrees by Cobb classification, with a characteristic image of abnormalities of the spine-chest axis and the topographic-anatomical axis. Some of such changes, particularly those characterized by a significant degree of progression or specific indication are reffered for a surgical correction. The perioperative use of physiotherapy methods is now one of the most important factors of a complex surgical treatment. The aim of this study was to present the applicability of the methods in the field of physical therapy in the perioperative surgical treatment of idiopathic scoliosis. Material and methods. The paper presents an analysis of the literature from the years 2000-2012 in the field of spinal surgery in terms of correction of idiopathic scoliosis. Materials were selected according to information about the use of perioperative physiotherapy methods in preparing the patient for surgery, and postoperative rehabilitation. Results. There are many physical therapy preoperative methods used in spinal surgery to support the process of idiopathic scoliosis correction. In all of the analyzed scientific materials and available guidelines, it is demonstrated a significant positive effect of the different methods used in the perioperative physiotherapy Intracorrection and the possibility of long-term results obtained after surgery. Conclusions. The use of modern methods of perioperative physiotherapy in surgical treatment of idiopathic scoliosis should be an important element of a comprehensive procedure. Methods of physiotherapy should be performed at a specified time prior to surgery and after surgery to ensure adequate, positive clinical results.Wstęp. Termin skolioza idiopatyczna odnosi się do zmian o nieokreślonej etiologii dotyczących nieprawidłowego ustawienia kręgosłupa, o charakterze skrzywienia bocznego powyżej 10 stopni wg Cobba z charakterystycznym obrazem zaburzeń osi symetrii kręgosłup- klatka piersiowa, względem osi topograficzno-anatomicznych. Niektóre tego typu zmiany, szczególnie te cechujące się istotnym stopniem progresji i powyżej odnośnikowych punktów referencyjnych wg. poszczególnych skal oceny, stanowią istotne wskazanie do korekcji chirurgicznej. Wprowadzanie rehabilitacji okołooperacyjnej stanowi obecnie jeden z ważniejszych czynników kompleksowego leczenia zabiegowego. Celem pracy było przedstawienie możliwości stosowania metod z zakresu fizjoterapii okołooperacyjnej w chirurgicznym leczeniu skolioz idiopatycznych. Materiał i metody. W pracy dokonano analizy piśmiennictwa z lat 2000-2012 z zakresu chirurgii kręgosłupa w aspekcie korekcji skolioz idiopatycznych. Materiał dobierano pod kątem informacji z zakresu wykorzystania metod fizjoterapii okołooperacyjnej w przygotowaniu pacjenta do zabiegu i rehabilitacji pooperacyjnej. Wyniki. Istnieje obecnie wiele technik z zakresu fizjoterapii okołooperacyjnej, wspomagających zabiegową korekcji zmian klinicznych o charakterze skoliozy idiopatycznej. We wszystkich analizowanych przykładach przedstawiono dostępne wytyczne i wykazano istotny wpływ stosowana poszczególnych metod fizjoterapii okołooperacyjnej na śród zabiegową możliwość korekcji i uzyskiwane wyniki odległe po zabiegu. Wnioski. Stosowanie nowoczesnych metod fizjoterapii okołooperacyjnej w chirurgicznym leczeniu skolioz idiopatycznych powinno być podstawowym elementem kompleksowego postępowania. Metody fizjoterapeutyczne powinny być wprowadzane w ściśle określonym czasie przed zabiegiem i po zabiegu dla uzyskania odpowiednich, pozytywnych wyników klinicznych

The land of deformation south of 68^{68}Ni

We study the development of collectivity in the neutron-rich nuclei around $N=40$, where experimental and theoretical evidences suggest a rapid shape change from the spherical to the rotational regime, in analogy to what happens at the {\it island of inversion} surrounding $^{31}$Na. Theoretical calculations are performed within the interacting shell model framework in a large valence space, based on a $^{48}$Ca core which encompasses the full $pf$ shell for the protons and the $0f_{5/2}$, $1p_{3/2}$, $1p_{1/2}$, $0g_{9/2}$ and $1d_{5/2}$ orbits for the neutrons. The effective interaction is based on a G-matrix obtained from a realistic nucleon-nucleon potential whose monopole part is corrected empirically to produce effective single particle energies compatible with the experimental data. We find a good agreement between the theoretical results and the available experimental data. We predict the onset of deformation at different neutron numbers for the various isotopic chains. The maximum collectivity occurs in the chromium isotopes, where the large deformation regime starts already at $N=38$. The shell evolution responsible for the observed shape changes is discussed in detail, in parallel to the situation in the $N=20$ region

Shape Coexistence in 78 Ni and the new Island of Inversion

Large Scale Shell Model calculations (SM-CI) predict that the region of deformation which comprises the heaviest Chromium and Iron isotopes at and beyond N=40 will merge with a new one at N=50 in an astonishing parallel to the N=20 and N=28 case in the Neon and Magnesium isotopes. We propose a valence space including the full pf-shell for the protons and the full sdg shell for the neutrons; which represents a comeback of the the harmonic oscillator shells in the very neutron rich regime. The onset of deformation is understood in the framework of the algebraic SU3-like structures linked to quadrupole dominance. Our calculations preserve the doubly magic nature of the ground state of 78 Ni, which, however, exhibits a well deformed prolate band at low excitation energy, providing a striking example of shape coexistence far from stability

A Shell Model Description of the Decay Out of the Super-Deformed Band of 36Ar

Large scale shell model calculations in two major oscillator shells (sd and pf) describe simultaneously the super-deformed excited band of 36Ar and its low-lying states of dominant sd character. In addition, several two particle two hole states and a side band of negative parity are also well reproduced. We explain the appearance of the super-deformed band at such low excitation energy as a consequence of the very large correlation energy of the configurations with many particles and many holes (np-nh) relative to the normal filling of the spherical mean field orbits (0p-0h). We study the mechanism of mixing between these different configurations, to understand why the super-deformed band survives and how it finally decays into the low-lying sd-dominated states via the indirect mixing of the 0p-0h and 4p-4h configurations.Comment: 4 pages 5 figures, revtex4, revised version, minor change

Dendrobates leucomelas

Number of Pages: 6Integrative BiologyGeological Science