A regional land use survey based on remote sensing and other data

There are no author-identified significant results in this report

A regional land use survey based on remote sensing and other data: A report on a LANDSAT and computer mapping project, volume 2

The author has identified the following significant results. The project mapped land use/cover classifications from LANDSAT computer compatible tape data and combined those results with other multisource data via computer mapping/compositing techniques to analyze various land use planning/natural resource management problems. Data were analyzed on 1:24,000 scale maps at 1.1 acre resolution. LANDSAT analysis software and linkages with other computer mapping software were developed. Significant results were also achieved in training, communication, and identification of needs for developing the LANDSAT/computer mapping technologies into operational tools for use by decision makers

A regional land use survey based on remote sensing and other data: A report on a LANDSAT and computer mapping project, volume 1

The author has identified the following significant results. New LANDSAT analysis software and linkages with other computer mapping software were developed. Significant results were also achieved in training, communication, and identification of needs for developing the LANDSAT/computer mapping technologies into operational tools for use by decision makers

When trains go faster than planes: the strategic reaction of airlines in Spain

Plans for the development of high speed railways lines (HSR) in Spain are widespread. At the beginning of 2010 four HSR lines were operating in routes where the air transport mode used to be dominant. In this paper we examine through econometric means the air carriers' reaction to these HSR entrances by using data at the route level. We test whether the HSR have changed both, the airlines' frequencies and the market shares. Our results show that it has reduced on average the number of air transport operations by 17 percent. On the other hand the demand has increased substantially, though the weight of air transport in the total market has been reduced, as it has been reduced the weight of the dominant Spanish air carrier Iberia on air markets.

State of the art in the determination of the fine structure constant and the ratio h/muh/m_\mathrm{u}

The fine structure constant $\alpha$ and the ratio $h/m_{\mathrm{u}}$ between the Planck constant and the unified atomic mass are keystone constants for the determination of other fundamental physical constants, especially the ones involved in the framework of the future International System of units. This paper presents how these two constants, which can be deduced from one another, are measured. We will present in detail the measurement of $h/m_\mathrm{Rb}$ performed by atomic interferometry at the Laboratoire Kastler Brossel in Paris. This type of measurement also allows a test of the standard model to be carried out with unparalleled accuracy.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1309.339

Qui est légitime pour représenter les intérêts de la population ? Luttes urbaines et institutions participatives à Paris et en Espagne

International audienceIn France as in Spain, urban social movements emerged in the sixties and the seventies to claim better living conditions and the right to participate in the elaboration of public policies. In a new context, marked by a crisis of political representation, the neighborhood's associations which came from these anti-authority movements had become, since the nineties, partners of public authorities. From a research led during three years to Paris and Córdoba, this article questions the conception of general interest and representativeness to which refer these associations, which had moved from the contesting to the negotiation while continuing to protest outside the public actions. We show how these associations justify their claiming to speak in the name of people, by developing a capacity of expertise on the town planning, and defend their role of official representatives of people's interests in front of the emergence of new public within participatory processes intended for the "ordinary" citizens. The analysis of the tensions between organized and not organized citizens within these devices focuses on the questioning, in the name of "the general interest", of the quality and of the pluralism of the associations' representation.En France comme en Espagne, des mouvements sociaux urbains émergent dans les années 1960-1970 pour revendiquer de meilleures conditions de vie et le droit de participer à l'élaboration des politiques publiques. Dans un contexte renouvelé, marqué par une crise de la représentation politique, les associations de quartier héritières de ces mouvements contestataires deviennent, depuis les années 1990, des partenaires des pouvoirs publics. À partir d'une enquête menée pendant trois ans à Paris et Cordoue, cet article interroge la conception de l'intérêt général et de la représentativité dont se réclament ces associations, qui sont passées de la contestation à la négociation tout en continuant à protester en marge des actions publiques. Nous montrons comment ces acteurs justifient leur revendication à parler au nom de la population, en développant une capacité d'expertise sur l'urbanisme, et défendent leur rôle de représentants officiels des intérêts de la population face à l'irruption de nouveaux publics au sein de dispositifs participatifs destinés aux citoyens " ordinaires ". L'analyse des tensions entre citoyens organisés et non organisés au sein de ces instances se focalise sur la remise en cause, au nom de " l'intérêt général ", de la qualité et du pluralisme de la représentation des associations

Attractiveness of the Haar measure for linear cellular automata on Markov subgroups

For the action of an algebraic cellular automaton on a Markov subgroup, we show that the Ces\`{a}ro mean of the iterates of a Markov measure converges to the Haar measure. This is proven by using the combinatorics of the binomial coefficients on the regenerative construction of the Markov measure.Comment: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/074921706000000130 in the IMS Lecture Notes--Monograph Series (http://www.imstat.org/publications/lecnotes.htm) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org

Thin-disk laser scaling limit due to thermal-lens induced misalignment instability

We present an obstacle in power scaling of thin-disk lasers related with self-driven growth of misalignment due to thermal lens effects. This self-driven growth arises from the changes of the optical phase difference at the disk caused by the excursion of the laser eigen-mode from the optical axis. We found a criterion based on a simplified model of this phenomenon which can be applied to design laser resonators insensitive to this effect. Moreover, we propose several resonator architectures which are not affected by this effect.Comment: 19 pages, 13 figure

For a public sociology on participatory democracy: Reflexive feedback on a research conducted in an association

International audienceThis paper develops a reflexive approach on the relations between research and action in participation studies, where bridges are numerous between academic, political and militant fields. It aims at analysing the impact of the close links between sociologists and actors on the methods and results of the research and, reciprocally, the role of sociology in the development of participatory practices. Relying on Michael Burawoy's reflection on "public sociology", on our own research experience in an association and other works, we defined five ways to carry out research on participation in collaboration with the actors. Beyond a reflection on the social reception of our researches, the challenge is to develop a critical and committed sociology on participation, to contribute to the political debate and to the public action from a critical viewpoint.Este artículo desarrolla un enfoque reflexivo sobre las relaciones entre investigación y acción en los trabajos sobre participación ciudadana, una temática donde las pasarelas son numerosas entre los campos académicos, políticos y militantes. El objetivo es analizar el impacto de las relaciones estrechas entre sociólogos y actores en los métodos y resultados de la investigación y, recíprocamente, el papel de la sociología en el desarrollo de las prácticas participativas. Apoyándose en la reflexión de Michael Burawoy sobre la "sociología pública", en nuestra propia experiencia de investigación en una asociación y otros trabajos, se define cinco posturas de sociólogos que trabajan en colaboración con los actores sobre la participación ciudadana. Más allá de una reflexión sobre la receptividad social de nuestras investigaciones, el desafío es desarrollar una sociología a la vez crítica y comprometida, para contribuir al debate político y a la acción pública a partir de una capacidad de distancia crítica

Délibérer au sein d'un mouvement social. Ethnographie des assemblées des Indignés à Madrid

International audienceSince May 15th, 2011, when demonstrators decide to camp at the Puerta del Sol, Madrid's public places live to the rhythm of popular assemblies organized by the Indignados. Based on an ethnographic research carried out for nine months in the Spanish capital, about sixty assemblies have been observed, this article shows how participants interact in these meetings and make decisions by using the consensus rule. It analyzes the implementation of deliberative practices within a social movement and scrutinizes their routinization as mobilization is getting institutionalized.Depuis le 15 mai 2011, lorsque des manifestants décident de camper à la Puerta del Sol, les places publiques madrilènes vivent au rythme des assemblées populaires organisées par les Indignados. À partir d'une enquête ethnographique de neuf mois dans la capitale espagnole, qui repose sur l'observation d'une soixantaine d'assemblées, cet article montre comment les participants interagissent au sein de ces réunions et prennent des décisions en ayant recours au consensus. Il analyse la mise en oeuvre de pratiques de délibération au sein d'un mouvement social et examine leur routinisation à mesure que la mobilisation s'institutionnalise