THE PROS AND CONS OF PRODUCTION AND MARKETING CONTRACTS

Farm Management,

Give Me Shelter: Responding to Milwaukee County's affordable housing challenges

Few issues better capture the complex and controversial nature of urban problems facing Metropolitan Milwaukee than the issue of affordable housing. Encompassing matters of racial segregation, poverty and failed public-private partnerships, the Milwaukee metro area's struggle to provide a safe, decent and affordable supply of housing to low-income citizens has been a difficult one. Even before the national economic meltdown, countless reports documented the severe housing burden facing low-income citizens in Milwaukee County. That burden, combined with the scarcity of affordable housing in suburban parts of southeast Wisconsin, has cemented the region's place as one of the most racially segregated in the country. In today's economy, those problems have intensified

Research requirements to reduce maintenance costs of civil helicopters

The maintenance problems faced by the operators of civil helicopters that result in high costs are documented. Existing technology that can be applied to reduce maintenance costs and research that should be carried out were identified. Good design practice and application of existing technology were described as having a significant impact on reducing maintenance costs immediately. The research and development that have potential for long range reduction of maintenance costs are presented

Review of agricultural production systems in eastern Africa in relation to food and nutrition security and climate change

The goal of this paper is to provide a unified resource for Eritrea, Djibouti, Somaliland, Somalia, Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda and Tanzania. For each country the review covers the topics of livestock production systems and agroecological zones, food and nutrition security, climate change, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and climate-smart agriculture (CSA) with a focus on the role of, or impact on, livestock systems. Each of these topics is broad and many excellent studies and reviews have been produced covering these topics either at the country level or for the entire East Africa region. It is the goal of this paper to provide an accessible introduction to these topics and to direct readers to the resources that exist for gathering detailed information on livestock production, food nutrition and security, climate change, GHG emissions and climate-smart livestock production in each country

Challenges in the use of information technology in processing health information in resource limited settings: a comprehensive systematic review

The use of information technology in processing and utilising health information has significant health care outcomes. Its use in the assessment, diagnosis and management of health problems through access to relevant health information is crucial. The aim of this review was to identify the use of information technology in processing and utilising health information in low resource settings. A comprehensive systematic review focusing on resource limited settings was conducted. The review identified the following challenges in the use of information technology in resource limited settings: lack of health information system and networking; limited knowledge and skills; lack of information users’ participation; unavailability of standardised health indicators and poor quality information processing. Combining manual and technology assisted information processing system in less resource settings is essential in transforming and promoting the utilisation of health information. The capacity development training, involvement of community professional nurses and midwives in the design and development of health information system for processing and utilisation, and creating an enabling environment could help overcome the challenges in the use of information technology in low resource settings.Department of HE and Training approved lis

Changements de régime pour la persistance et la dynamique du taux d'intérêt réel américain

URL des Cahiers : https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/CAHIERS-MSECahiers de la Maison des Sciences Economiques 2006.67 - ISSN 1624-0340In this article, we analyze the real interest rate series of the three-month Treasury Bill rates in the frameworkk of a SETAR model (Self Exciting Threshold Auto-Regressive). With the aim of disentangling the non-linearity from the non-stationarity cases, we use very recent threshold integration tests against a stationary but non-linear alternative hypothesis. One innovation consists in the introduction of structural breaks in the deterministic part of the process. This long-run representation therefore allows for a time-varying threshold parameter in the model. Empirical results strongly call for non-linear reversion effects concerning the real interest rate series during the last fifty years. However, the conclusion of the unit root tests are not so straightforward concerning the hypothesis of stationarity: the real interest rate seems to be stationary only for the lower regime, determined by the estimated threshold.Dans cet article, nous analysons le taux d'intérêt réel pour les bons du Trésor américain à trois mois par l'intermédiaire d'une représentation SETAR (Self Exciting Threshold AutoRegressive). Dans le but de distinguer la non linéarité de la non-stationnarité, nous utilisons des tests très récents d'intégration à seuil contre une alternative stationnaire et non linéaire. Une innovation de ce travail réside dans l'introduction de ruptures structurelles dans la partie déterministe. Cela implique que la valeur du paramètre de seuil estimée par le modèle varie après un changement de structure du modèle. Les résultats empiriques des tests de linéarité soutiennent l'hypothèse d'un processus de retour à la moyenne non linéaire pour le taux d'intérêt réel américain sur les cinquante dernières années. Cependant, l'application des tests de racine unitaire ne sont pas si définitifs par rapport à l'hypothèse de stationnarité : le taux d'intérêt réel semble stationnaire uniquement pour le régime bas, défini par le paramètre de seuil estimé