The Evolution Of ‘Malay’ Labour Activism, 1870-1947: protest among pearling crews in Dutch East Indies-Australian waters

The history of Indonesian labour activism as seen from an Australian perspective is best known in the context of World War Two when the presence of Asian seamen in Australia sparked a flourish of internationalism and anticolonial protest under the umbrella organization of the Seamen's Union of Australia. But the story of Malay maritime worker protest has a deeper history, reaching back to the early years of the pearl-shelling and trepang industries when Malay workers from the Dutch East Indies were brought to work off the northern Australian coast. Before the advent of a seamen's union, these workers faced harsh working conditions and had little recourse to legal forms of protest. Their refusal to accept poor conditions was met with reprisals which included physical punishment, gaol sentences and detention on board ships without shore leave. There is evidence that in the late nineteenth century the most common form of protest was mutiny, with Malay crews seizing vessels and sailing to the Dutch East Indies. By the twentieth century there was more scope for negotiation, with increasing support from Australian unions and improved government regulation. The milder forms of more recent protests and the willingness of Indonesians to take their cue from Australian unionists has somewhat obscured the nature of early Malay protest. This paper takes a longer view of worker activism in order to highlight the deep roots of maritime protest in the Indian Ocean region

Racism in the Northern Territory [manuscript] : the attitudes of administrators, pastoralists and unionists to Aborigines employed in the cattle industry during the Depression, 1929-1934

This thesis investigates the racism exhibited by Administrators, Pastoralists and Trade Unionists towards Aborigines employed in the Northern Territory cattle industry during the Depression years, 1929 to 1934. Their racism is examined within the framework of sociological and historical theories of racism. An historical evolution of racism is outlined, showing that from Colonial history emerged Colonial racism, which regarded 'natives' as an inferior race destined to serve as a cheap source of labour for European colonists. This racism occurred in two main forms: as a 'primitive' and violent racism; and as a 'civilised', paternalistic racism. The development of nationalism coincided with the rise of a Nationalistic racism which defined the nation as an homogeneous people, excluding all others as inherently inferior. As the colonial era drew to an end, and colonial 'natives' began to immigrate to Europe, their position within the modern nation-states became problematic. Where they continued to be regarded as a source of cheap labour, their exploitation provoked a racist reaction from the working class, referred to as Migrant Labour racism or Competitive racism. This thesis argues that European racism in the Northern Territory can only be fully understood if we consider that each of these forms of racism existed simultaneously. This historical anomaly saw the merging of a dependent colonial frontier with a modern nation-state, and the racist attitudes of the Europeans reflect this situation. The Administrators legitimised their racism with arguments of Social Darwinism while seeking to promote Nationalistic racism. Economic considerations, however, made the arguments of Colonial racism appear attractive. The Pastoralists exhibited Colonial racism in all its forms, both primitive and paternalistic. In their official dealings, they also utilised arguments of Nationalistic and Scientific racism. The Unionists exhibited a Competitive racism which was tempered by left-wing influences which advocated an end to racial discrimination as the only solution to Aboriginal competition. In each group, the manifestations of racism were complex and varied, revealing that racist ideology w as inextricably linked with social, economic and political considerations

Event-history mediator models of college attrition: risk goups and risk factors

The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file.Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on October 30, 2007)Includes bibliographical references.Thesis (M.A.) University of Missouri-Columbia 2007.Dissertations, Academic -- University of Missouri--Columbia -- Psychology.Early withdrawal (attrition) from college is a common and costly problem to individuals and institutions of higher learning. First-generation (FGEN) college students, whose parents have not attended college, comprise a large faction of enrollees and are particularly at risk for attrition. Because attrition is over-represented among FGEN students, they are a potential target group for decreasing attrition rates, provided the phenomenon of college attrition in this group is understood. The present study estimated the effects of a number of factors on college attrition, in 3,290 FGEN and non-FGEN students over four years, using event-history analysis. Results showed that, FGEN students were indeed more likely to leave college than their non-FGEN peers. Equally important, ACT scores, scholarships, college grade point averages and amount of time devoted to paid employment mediated the relationship between FGEN status and attrition. Some additional psychological variables predicted attrition among all students, such as drug and alcohol use, psychological distress and few reported academic challenges. These findings have implications for the formulation of interventions

Delineating the \u3cem\u3eC. elegans\u3c/em\u3e MicroRNA Regulatory Network: A Dissertation

Metazoan genomes contain thousands of protein-coding and non-coding RNA genes, most of which are differentially expressed, i.e., at different locations, at different times during development, or in response to environmental signals. Differential gene expression is achieved through complex regulatory networks that are controlled in part by two types of trans-regulators: transcription factors (TFs) and microRNAs (miRNAs). TFs bind to cis-regulatory DNA elements that are often located in or near their target genes, while microRNAs hybridize to cis-regulatory RNA elements mostly located in the 3’ untranslated region (3’UTR) of their target mRNAs. My work in the Walhout lab has centered on understanding how these trans-regulators interact with each other in the context of gene regulatory networks to coordinate gene expression at the genome-scale level. Our model organism is the free-living nematode Caenorahbditis elegans, which possess approximately 950 predicted TFs and more than 100 miRNAs Whereas much attention has focused on finding the protein-coding target genes of both miRNAs and TFs, the transcriptional networks that regulate miRNA expression remain largely unexplored. To this end, we have embarked in the task of mapping the first genome-scale miRNA regulatory network. This network contains experimentally mapped transcriptional TF=\u3emiRNA interactions, as well as computationally predicted post-transcriptional miRNA=\u3eTF interactions. The work presented here, along with data reported by other groups, have revealed the existence of reciprocal regulation between these two types of regulators, as well as extensive coordination in the regulation of shared target genes. Our studies have also identified common mechanisms by which miRNAs and TFs function to control gene expression and have suggested an inherent difference in the network properties of both types of regulators. Reverse genetic approaches have been extensively used to delineate the biological function of protein-coding genes. For instance, genome-wide RNAi screens have revealed critical roles for TFs in C. elegans development and physiology. However, reverse genetic approaches have not been very insightful in the case of non-coding genes: A single null mutation does not result in an easily detectable phenotype for most C. elegans miRNA genes. To help delineate the biological function of miRNAs we sought to determine when and where they are expressed. Specifically, we generated a collection of transgenic C. elegans strains, each containing a miRNA promoter::gfp (Pmir::gfp) fusion construct. The particular pattern of expression of each miRNA gene should help to identify potential genetic interactors that exhibit similar expression patterns, and to design experiments to test the phenotypes of miRNA mutants

Integration of UAS in the civil airworthiness regulatory system: present and future

The last years are witnessing a number of initiatives worldwide devoted to assess the safety levels of the unmanned aircraft. These initiatives are very heterogeneous; some of them are centred in airworthiness aspects while others focus on operations. From the point of view of a potential UAS manufacturer the actual situation is plenty of uncertainties in relation to the regulations to be applied for certifying the design, manufacturing and maintenance, and from the point of view of the potential operator the situation is analogous with respect to operational procedures. In the present work the emphasis is on the manufacturer’s situation. The objective of this work is to clarify the present civil airworthiness regulatory scene by summarizing all the regulatory efforts up to date and preparing a comparative analysis of them. In this comparison, the manned regulations are included too. The most representative state-of-the-art UAS are analyzed from the point of view of the existing and the future regulatory framework. The main aspects to be considered are related to the airworthiness certification (performances, structural design, etc) for which a quantitative comparison is established in order to clarify how the new regulatory framework, mainly based on the conventional aircraft certification codes, will affect future UAS, compared to the existing regulation

STRATEGIES DEVELOPED BY LEADING EU AGRI-FOOD COOPERATIVES IN THEIR GROWTH MODEL

The rationale for this paper is the problem relating to the growth of agricultural cooperatives in Spain in recent years in comparison to increasingly concentrated food distribution, which captures most of the value added. This paper analyses the evolution and status of other countries within Europe where the need for business consolidation has been successfully addressed. For this purpose, there have been identified 7 cases to be studied: Kerry group, Irish Dairy Board, Arla Foods, The Greenery BV, Danish Crown, Agrifirm and DLG. The specific results of interviews with the senior management of this cooperatives were analyzed and organized into four blocks in which the issues raised are grouped (legal and institutional framework, strategic vision, business growth models and market standing). A number of specific aims are also pursued:  Identify the main barriers and problems faced by this type of cooperatives.  Show the strategies developed by leading cooperatives in their sector within the current comparative context.  Become familiar with the different growth models these cooperatives use to achieve and maintain their market standing.Agribusiness,

Pas de limites entre l’ange et le monstre: Nana et Sabine dans le roman d’Émile Zola

This essay analyzes the two main female characters in the novel Nana by Emile Zola, with the aim to demonstrate that applying to women the nineteenth century categories of the “domestic angel” and the “fallen woman” is not that simple, since these characters may unexpectedly invert or even merge these categories. Three phases may be distinguished in Nana: the first one refers to the more traditional order that clearly differentiates the angel in the house (Sabine) and the corrosive monster (Nana); the second phase is more chaotic, since the qualities of both characters overlap; and finally, a third phase in which order is restored and Sabine becomes immersed again in her role as domestic angel, while Nana is deathly punished. Even though the social order gets restored, thus saving the morals of the bourgeois society, we witness an attempt to defy these conventional limits, a defiance that opens an alternative, more complex representation of women.El ensayo analiza los personajes protagonistas femeninos en Naná, de Émile Zola, para demostrar que la categorización femenina es más complicada que una simple distinción entre ángel del hogar y mujer caída— dos de los términos más comunes para designar a la mujer en el siglo XIX—al producirse una inversión e incluso fusión de los personajes. En Naná se distinguen tres etapas: la primera de orden tradicional presentando al ángel del hogar (Sabine) frente al monstruo corrosivo (Naná); una segunda fase de confusión y desorden, donde las cualidades de ambas aparecen solapadas; y una tercera fase de restablecimiento del orden en el que Sabine vuelve a su papel de ángel del hogar mientras que Naná es castigada con la muerte. Aunque al final se restablece el orden social, salvaguardando la sociedad burguesa, existe un intento de resistencia a estos límites, abriendo un espacio alternativo de dualidad para la mujer.L’essai analyse les personnages principaux féminins dans Nana, d’Émile Zola, pour démontrer que la catégorisation féminine est plus compliquée qu’une simple distinction entre l’ange de la maison et la femme déchue –deux des termes les plus communs pour désigner la femme au XIXe siècle–, quand se produit une inversion et même une fusion entre les deux personnages. Dans Nana on distingue trois étapes: la première, d’une manière traditionnelle qui présente l’ange de la maison (Sabine) face au monstre corrosif (Nana), une seconde phase de confusion et de désordre, où les qualités des deux apparaissent sournoisement, et une troisième phase de rétablissement de l’ordre où Sabine retrouve son rôle d’ange de la maison alors que Nana est punie par la mort; bien que la fin rétablisse l’ordre social, en sauvegardant la société bourgeoise, il existe une tentative de résistance à ces limites, ouvrant un espace alternatif de dualité pour la femme

Does post merger financial performance improve after agrifood mergers of cooperatives? An empirican analysis

This study was carried out to characterize the mergers and acquisitions undertaken in the Spanish agrifood sector during the period 1995-2005 and has two objectives. Firstly, it aims to determine the manner in which economic-financial factors influence the type of merger carried out (merger by formation of a new legal person and merger by acquisition), and the role played by cooperatives (acquirer, acquired or cooperative involved in a merger by formation). Secondly, it aims to determine whether these mergers have contributed to reaching any of the objectives they were set out to achieve: improving the economic-financial situation of the companies involved, increasing income and reducing relative costs. The results obtained show that on average, following a merger, there were no statistically significant improvements in the economic-financial indicators studied.Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance,

Procedure to construct a multi-scale coarse-grained model of DNA-coated colloids from experimental data

We present a quantitative, multi-scale coarse-grained model of DNA coated colloids. The parameters of this model are transferable and are solely based on experimental data. As a test case, we focus on nano-sized colloids carrying single-stranded DNA strands of length comparable to the colloids' size. We show that in this regime, the common theoretical approach of assuming pairwise additivity of the colloidal pair interactions leads to quantitatively and sometimes even qualitatively wrong predictions of the phase behaviour of DNA-grafted colloids. Comparing to experimental data, we find that our coarse-grained model correctly predicts the equilibrium structure and melting temperature of the formed solids. Due to limited experimental information on the persistence length of single-stranded DNA, some quantitative discrepancies are found in the prediction of spatial quantities. With the availability of better experimental data, the present approach provides a path for the rational design of DNA-functionalised building blocks that can self-assemble in complex, three-dimensional structures.Comment: 17 pages, 10 figures; to be published in Soft Matte

Incivility and Beyond at the Top Management Team Level

Although incivility has been gaining increasing attention in the literature as well as in the industry, academic studies have not examined the effects on top management team (TMT) members. TMT members are different from employees at other levels because they are officers of their organizations who are held to a much higher level of responsibility than those in lower echelons. They are crucial in setting the norms of an organization and have far-reaching influence. This article seeks to uncover the mechanisms that explain what happens when TMT members are targets of uncivil leadership behavior. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 TMT members. Findings suggest that TMT members tended to be analytical in their reactions, influencing their responses. This study contributes to the literature on incivility and leadership, filling the gap of addressing such behavior at the TMT level