Longevity, Growth and Intergenerational Equity - The Deterministic Case

Challenges raised by ageing (increasing longevity) have prompted policy debates featuring policy proposals justified by reference to some notion of intergenerational equity. However, very different policies ranging from pre-savings to indexation of retirement ages have been justified in this way. We develop an overlapping generations model in continuous time which encompasses different generations with different mortality rates and thus longevity. Allowing for trend increases in both longevity and productivity, we address the issue of intergenerational equity under a utilitarian criterion when future generations are better off in terms of both material and non-material well being. Increases in productivity and longevity are shown to have very different implications for intergenerational distribution.

Modélisation d'interfaces par simulations numériques : des polymères en solutions à la troposphère

This work aims to demonstrate the ability of numerical simulations to mode] solid · and liquid interfaces. In the work on the solid interfaces, the GCMC method was used to sin:rnlatc the ads011Jtion isotherrn of acetaldehyde on ice under the conditions of the ·upper tropospherc and the molecular dynamics method was usecl to characterize the adsorption of difünctionalized organic compounds on ice, aiming at interpreting experimental results. Part of this work was devotcd to the simulation of the phase diagrarn (p, T) of organic aerosols (oxalic acid and malonic) in tropospberic conditions to study the ability of aerosols to act as condensation nuclei for icc particlcs. The work: on liquid interfaces concerned firstly the competitive adsorption of polymcrs and surfactants at the water surface. It is based on a very precise desc1iption, by mnncrical simulation, of the structure émd dynamics cif the surface of the considered systems. The second pari of the work on liquid interfaces bas focused on the characterization of ion transfer across a liquid/liquid interface through the calculations of the free energy variations of the system during the transfo·. To obtain a rigorous desc1iptio11 of the details of the corresponding processes, a specific method was developed in this thesis to calculate the free energy profile while taking into account tbe dynamics of the interface.Ce travail a pour objectif de montrer la capacité des simulations numériques à modéliser les phénomènes aux interfaces solides et liquides. Dans le travail sur les interfaces solides, la méthode GCMC a été utilisée pour simuler l'isotherme d'adsorption de !'acétaldéhyde sur la glace dans les conditions de la haute troposphère, puis l'adsorption de composés organiques bi-fonctionnalisés sur la glace a été caractérisée par dynamique moléculaire avec pour objectif d'interpréter des résl1ltats expérimentaux de la littérature. Une partie de ce travail a été consacrée à la circulation du diagramme de phase (p,T) d'aérosols organiques (acide oxalique et malonique) clans les conditions troposphériques afin d'étudier la capacité de ces aérosols à jouer le rôle de noyaux de condensation pour les particules de glace. Le travail sur les interfaces liquides a concerné tout d'abord l'adsorption compétitive de polymères et de smfactants à la surface de l'eau. Il s'appuie sur une description très précise, par simulation, de la structure et de la dynamique de la surface des systèmes considérés. La deuxième partie des travaux sur les interfaces liquides s'est intéressée à la caractérisation du transfert d'ions à travers une interface liquide/liquide par le biais du calcul des variations de l'énergie libre du système au cours du transfc1i. Afin d'obtenir une description très rigoureuse des détails des processus mis enjeu, une méthode spécifique a été développée dans cette thèse pour calculer le profil d'énergie libre en tenant compte directement du caractère très dynamique de l'interface

Brass (Dequincy) v. State, 138 Nev. Adv. Op. 23 (Apr. 07, 2022)

The Nevada Supreme Court considered whether a district court’s denial of a defendant’s motion to substitute retained counsel violated the defendant’s Sixth Amendment right to effective assistance of counsel. In evaluating a motion to substitute retained counsel, courts must consider whether (1) granting the motion would significantly prejudice the defendant, or (2) the motion was untimely and would result in an unreasonable disruption of the orderly processes of justice. In this matter, the Court found that the district court abused its discretion and made a structural error when it denied the defendant’s motion to substitute retained counsel. The Court therefore reversed the district court’s judgment of conviction and remanded the case for a new trial. In its reasoning, the Court concluded (1) that the defendant’s motion was timely under the circumstances because the defendant filed the motion shortly after learning the full extent of his retained counsel’s inadequate preparation, and (2) the defendant’s right to retained counsel outweighed the potentially disruptive effects of a further trial continuance

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INSTREAM FLOW RIGHTS ON NATIONAL FOREST LANDS IN MONTANA

A unique opportunity exists to create instream water rights on national forest lands in Montana as a result of the US Forest Service Reserved Water Rights Compact between the US Forest Service (USFS) and the state of Montana, which went into law in 2007. Instream water rights on national forest lands are important because they have the potential to protect streamflows that support many vital ecosystem functions in our forests from water development pressures. Montana Trout Unlimited has an interest in advancing and accelerating this effort by providing stream recommendations to the USFS for the establishment of future water rights. The primary purposes of this paper are to offer recommendations to Montana Trout Unlimited for streams in Montana that would benefit the most from a US Forest Service instream water right and why, to develop an effective process for doing so, and to identify how Montana Trout Unlimited can help in this larger effort. Through the solicitation of stream recommendations from biologists and fisheries manager across the state and the development of a ranking worksheet to prioritize these recommendations, the final product of this research was a ranked stream list to help guide future efforts to establish USFS instream water rights. The USFS need to act on these recommendations and increase their investment in this effort before new water development pressures adjacent to national forests occur. Establishing water rights will enable the USFS to be a legal stakeholder in the water resources on national forest lands in Montana and ensure the long term health of our forests in the state

The use of interorganisational ict in construction projects : a critical perspective

In construction projects, many participants from different organisations have to work together. In these projects – to facilitate cooperation and coordination – interorganisational communication is of vital importance. The use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) can offer many benefits in improving interorganisational communication, cooperation, and coordination in the context of construction projects. Numerous companies have now started to adopt and use interorganisational ICT. However, ICT often has limited added value and fails to meet expectations.\ud Over the last decades, much research has been conducted on the use of interorganisational ICT in construction projects and on the adoption and use of ICT. However, this research has some major limitations. First, studies which focus on the use of ICT in construction projects do not provide a detailed in-depth understanding of the mechanisms which influence the way actors use ICT in its social and interorganisational context. In addition, they do not analyse the dynamics of the use of ICT over time to explain how and why certain outcomes are realised. Second, existing models that could help to predict ICT adoption and use are criticised for their limited explanatory powers and for their contradictory results across studies. The methodological perspectives that are used in these studies – quantitative, positivist – cause most of these limitations

Modeling of pyrolysis in a high capacity thermo balance

ACLInternational audienceThis paper deals with the two dimensional modelling of transient pyrolysis of biomass in a fixed bed. The model which is developed mainly relies on the theory of volume averaging. This model includes heat and mass transfer and pyrolysis reaction. It allows the prediction of temperature, moisture content organic material content, and char content, as well as the prediction of internal evolution of the composition of the gas held and released from the sample under investigation. This model is used in order to describe pine wood pyrolysis taking place in a macro thermobalance which is also presented in the paper. Comparison of the numerical results with the experimental ones, in terms of mass loss of the sample, shows good agreement and validates the model. A deeper analysis of the results allows a better understanding of the processes involved in the thermal degradation

Unterschiede im Interessenprofil von Studenten der Ergotherapie und Logopädie

Das primäre Ziel dieser Diplomarbeit ist es, die Aussagekraft des neu entwickelten Interessenfragebogen RIASEC-RRK, Version 2 (Arendasy et al., 2007) anhand der Stichproben der Logopäden und der Ergotherapeuten zu erweitern. Gleichzeitig werden Interessenschwerpunkte beider Studienrichtungen erarbeitet und signifikante Unterschiede in den Interessensprofilen der beiden Studienrichtungen ermittelt. Bei beiden Studienrichtungen dominieren die sozialen Interessen (S), gefolgt von den künstlerisch-sprachlichen Interessen (A) und als drittstärkstes Interesse der wissenschaftlich, forschende Bereich (I). Weiters zeigen Ergotherapie-Studenten ein signifikant höheres praktisch -technisches Interesse, Logopädie-Studenten hingegen ein signifikant höheres konventionelles Interesse. In den Dimensionen: „Investigative“, „Artistic“, „Social“ und „Enterprising“ zeigen sich keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen Ergotherapie- und Logopädie-Studenten. Für eine bestmögliche Entscheidung bezüglich der Studienwahl, ist es jedoch wichtig, dass in der Studienberatung neben den Ergebnissen dieser Diplomarbeit auch weitere Informationen, wie Aufgabenbereiche, Beschäftigungsmöglichkeiten und Arbeitsfelder, mit einbezogen werden.The aim of this study is to enlarge the meaningfulness of the new developed interest questionnaire RIASEC-RRK, Version 2 (Arendasy et al., 2007) with the sample of students of occupational therapy and logopedia and to investigate the differences in Holland´s (1997) interest types (realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising and conventional). 110 students completed the online questionnaire which has a total of 126 questions. For both studies a three-dimensional interest structure can be specified: the social interest dominates, followed by the artistic and the investigative interest. Students of occupational therapy show higher realistic interests and the students of logopedia demonstrate higher conventional interests. This research has identified personal characteristics that can be added to current selection criteria to assist in identifying suitable candidates for occupational therapy and logopedia education