ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS OF FARMING: THINKING ABOUT THE MANAGEMENT CHALLENGE: DISCUSSION

Environmental Economics and Policy,

Field exposed water in a nanopore: liquid or vapour?

We study the behavior of ambient temperature water under the combined effects of nanoscale confinement and applied electric field. Using molecular simulations we analyze the thermodynamic causes of field-induced expansion at some, and contraction at other conditions. Repulsion among parallel water dipoles and mild weakening of interactions between partially aligned water molecules prove sufficient to destabilize the aqueous liquid phase in isobaric systems in which all water molecules are permanently exposed to a uniform electric field. At the same time, simulations reveal comparatively weak field-induced perturbations of water structure upheld by flexible hydrogen bonding. In open systems with fixed chemical potential, these perturbations do not suffice to offset attraction of water into the field; additional water is typically driven from unperturbed bulk phase to the field-exposed region. In contrast to recent theoretical predictions in the literature, our analysis and simulations confirm that classical electrostriction characterizes usual electrowetting behavior in nanoscale channels and nanoporous materials.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figures + T.O.C. figure, in press in PCC

Community structure and the evolution of interdisciplinarity in Slovenia's scientific collaboration network

Interaction among the scientific disciplines is of vital importance in modern science. Focusing on the case of Slovenia, we study the dynamics of interdisciplinary sciences from 1960 to 2010. Our approach relies on quantifying the interdisciplinarity of research communities detected in the coauthorship network of Slovenian scientists over time. Examining the evolution of the community structure, we find that the frequency of interdisciplinary research is only proportional with the overall growth of the network. Although marginal improvements in favor of interdisciplinarity are inferable during the 70s and 80s, the overall trends during the past 20 years are constant and indicative of stalemate. We conclude that the flow of knowledge between different fields of research in Slovenia is in need of further stimulation.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures; accepted for publication in PLoS ONE [related work available at http://arxiv.org/abs/1004.4824 and http://www.matjazperc.com/sicris/stats.html

Implementation of Loxone Miniserver for Technical Functions Control in Smart Home

Import 03/11/2016V této práci jsou popsány pojmy Inteligentní Budova a Smart Home. Představeny prvky Loxone miniserver, Loxone extension a jejich využití v systémové instalaci budov. Dále práce obsahuje vzorový postup při implementaci řízení provozně technických funkcí s využitím miniserver Loxone. Na konec je popsán výukový přípravek postavený na Loxone miniserver a Loxone extension. K výukovému přípravku byly dále vytvořeny návody na jednoduché programy formou laboratorních úloh.In this paper are included descriptions of the terms Intelligent Building and Smart Home. There is presentation of units Loxone miniserver and Loxone extensions and theirs usage in building system installations. Paper also contains example of work order for implementation of controls for operational and technical functions using Loxone miniserver. Last is a description of learning unit built on Loxone miniserver and Loxone extensions. For the learning unit, there were created instruction manuals, in the form of laboratory tasks, describing creation of simple programs.450 - Katedra kybernetiky a biomedicínského inženýrstvívýborn

A HEDONIC ANALYSIS OF PRIVATE HUNTING LAND ATTRIBUTES USING AN ALTERNATIVE FUNCTIONAL FORM

A hedonic framework is used to analyze selected attributes of Louisiana deer hunting leases that are hypothesized to be significant contributors to lease value. The flexible Box-Cox functional form is used in contrast to the often utilized linear regression specification. Additionally, the hypothesis of regional differences in slope coefficients of lease attributes is addressed. Results indicate that hunters in the two analyzed regions value lease attributes and services differently.Land Economics/Use,

Electrokinetic flow of aqueous electrolyte in amorphous silica nanotubes

We study the pressure-driven flow of aqueous NaCl in amorphous silica nanotubes using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations featuring both polarizable and non-polarizable molecular models. Different pressures, electrolyte concentrations and pore sizes are examined. Our results indicate a flow that deviates considerably from the predictions of Poiseuille fluid mechanics. Due to preferential adsorption of the different ionic species by surface SiO! or SiOH groups, we find that a significant electric current is generated, but with opposite polarities using polarizable vs. fixed charge models for water and ions, emphasizing the need for careful parameterization in such complex systems. We also examine the influence of partial deprotonation of the silica surface, and we find that much more current is generated in a dehydrogenated nanopore, even though the overall efficiency remains low. These findings indicate that different methods of nanopore preparation, which can produce a range of surface properties, should be examined more closely in the related experimental methods to generate electrokinetic current

Effect of Field Direction on Electrowetting in a Nanopore

We manifest a significant influence of field direction and polarity on surface wetting, when the latter is tuned by application of an external electric field. Thermodynamics of field-induced filling of hydrocarbon-like nanopores with water is studied by open ensemble molecular simulation. Increased field strength consistently results in water-filling and electrostriction in hydrophobic nanopores. A threshold field commensurate with surface charge density of about one elementary charge per 10 nm2 suffices to render prototypical paraffin surfaces hydrophilic. When a field is applied in the direction perpendicular to the confining walls, the competition between orientational polarization and angle preferences of interfacial water molecules relative to the walls results in an asymmetric wettability of opposing surfaces (Janus interface). Reduction of surface free energy observed upon alignment of confinement walls with field direction suggests a novel mechanism whereby the applied electric field can operate selectively on water-filled nanotubes while empty ones remain unaffected

KREASI CETAK SABLON MUDAH DAN BERKUALITAS TINGGI PADA KAOS

Cetak sablon merupakan teknik cetak yang paling banyak diminati hingga sekarang ini. Selain proses pengerjaannya yang mudah dan sederhana, teknik cetak ini mudah dipahami dalam waktu yang relatif singkat. Hal yang terpenting dalam cetak sablon adalah ketekunan, ketelitian serta kreativitas.Dengan biaya yang relatif sedikit, dapat memulai untuk mempelajari teknik sablon ini. Proses kerja sablon dapat dilakukan secara manual, dengan peralatan yang seadanya. Dimulai dari proses perencanaan modul gambar, proses afdruk sampai dengan proses cetak, semua tahapan ini dapat dilakukan tanpa didukung oleh teknologi yang sedang berkembang. Namun tak dapat dipungkiri bahwa teknologi yang semakin berkembang pesat membuat pekerjaan menjadi lebih muda

A PROTOCOL OR A SET OF STANDARDS TO GUIDE AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS RESEARCH

This article examines some difficult decisions that agricultural economists must confront in doing research. Over many years, rules and standards have developed in agricultural economics that guide researchers, providing an underlying framework for research methods. This article deals with applying these seldom discussed guidelines to specific research situations confronted by agricultural economists. With this article, we hope to stimulate a dialogue among agricultural economists about the need for additional, appropriate methodological guidelines in agricultural economics research.Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies,