Factors Effecting Phytoplankton Assemblages in the Lafayette River Estuary

Chemical and physical parameters were measured with phytoplankton species composition and abundance in the Lafayette River from August to October 1981. Stations located in four distinct areas of the river were statistically analyzed to determine data relationships. Environmental factors considered as potentially influencing the presence and numbers of phytoplankton were salinity, temperature, Secchi depth, tidal phase, orthophosphate, combined nitrates and nitrites, ammonia, and reactive silicates. The River mouth had higher salinity and nutrient values, with lower temperatures than the other river sections. Diatoms were the dominant cells in this section of the River. At mid-river, salinity and nutrient concentrations decreased, with higher temperatures noted. Common to this area were diatoms and a larger number of phytoflagellates. In the two River branches, flagellated cells were dominant, with increasing numbers of chlorophytes and cyanophytes. Environmental conditions associated with these areas were low salinity, high temperatures and increased nutrient levels. Discriminant Function and Pearson Correlation analyses were conducted separately on environmental and biological data sets. Adjacent stations were not significantly different environmentally. However, in areas located other than next to one another, clusters were statistically different at the α \u3c.005 level of significance. Visual comparisons between the two sets of analyses showed that stations grouped in the same cluster 75% of the time. Of the remaining fraction, half of the cases were associated with severe storm conditions

Rapid Guest Exchange and Ultraâ Low Surface Tension Solvents Optimize Metalâ Organic Framework Activation

Exploratory research into the critical steps in metalâ organic framework (MOF) activation involving solvent exchange and solvent evacuation are reported. It is discovered that solvent exchange kinetics are extremely fast, and minutes rather days are appropriate for solvent exchange in many MOFs. It is also demonstrated that choice of a very low surface tension solvent is critical in successfully activating challenging MOFs. MOFs that have failed to be activated previously can achieve predicted surface areas provided that lower surface tension solvents, such as nâ hexane and perfluoropentane, are applied. The insights herein aid in the efficient activation of MOFs in both laboratory and industrial settings and provide best practices for avoiding structural collapse.Ein Wechsel des Lösungsmittels mit anschlieà ender Evakuierung aktiviert Metallâ organische Gerüste (MOFs), maximiert ihre Oberflächen und verbessert ihre Eigenschaften bei der Gasspeicherung. Wenn der Austausch schnell erfolgt und Lösungsmittel mit sehr niedriger Oberflächenspannung verwendet werden, bleibt die Porosität erhalten, und die MOFâ Struktur fällt nicht in sich zusammen.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/139930/1/ange201709187.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/139930/2/ange201709187_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/139930/3/ange201709187-sup-0001-misc_information.pd

Rapid Guest Exchange and Ultraâ Low Surface Tension Solvents Optimize Metalâ Organic Framework Activation

Exploratory research into the critical steps in metalâ organic framework (MOF) activation involving solvent exchange and solvent evacuation are reported. It is discovered that solvent exchange kinetics are extremely fast, and minutes rather days are appropriate for solvent exchange in many MOFs. It is also demonstrated that choice of a very low surface tension solvent is critical in successfully activating challenging MOFs. MOFs that have failed to be activated previously can achieve predicted surface areas provided that lower surface tension solvents, such as nâ hexane and perfluoropentane, are applied. The insights herein aid in the efficient activation of MOFs in both laboratory and industrial settings and provide best practices for avoiding structural collapse.An exchange for the better: Activation involving solvent exchange and evacuation is crucial to achieve maximum surface area and gasâ storage properties in metalâ organic frameworks (MOFs). Porosity is preserved when fast solvent exchange kinetics and ultraâ low surface tension solvents are exploited yielding MOFs without structural collapse.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/140054/1/anie201709187_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/140054/2/anie201709187-sup-0001-misc_information.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/140054/3/anie201709187.pd

Engagement in Nineteenth-Century England

The intent of this dissertation is to fill a lacuna in the current social and cultural historiography of nineteenth-century England. It does so by expanding and nuancing the study of romantic culture from the current narrative of ‘courtship and marriage’ to include the crucial period of engagement. Making a suitable, compatible marriage was, for most individuals, the greatest determinant of lifestyle — financially, professionally, emotionally, socially, and sexually. This dissertation aims to recover the role of the engaged couple broadly, while bringing to the fore the experiences of middle-class engaged couples. It was in and among the middle-class that engagement developed as a ritualised life period — replete with unique behaviours, ceremony, and material culture — the reflection of a society increasingly focused on the primacy of individual couples and organised around the nuclear family and conjugal marriage ideals and values. Within this system, securing a spouse elevated social statuses of both men and women, afforded them social currency, status, and categorised them into a group identity shared among engaged individuals. Engagement was a period of transition and reorientation of the self, affecting one’s familial and social position as well as one’s self-concept. Emphasising material culture, emotional, and sensory history, this dissertation will look at the engaged individual and couple on both an individual and societal level through varied source materials including: personal correspondence, diaries, prescriptive literature, works of fiction, pornography, periodicals, sermons, botanical guides, and hairdressers’ pamphlets. Through the lens of engagement and the experiences of engaged individuals, this dissertation explores and enriches various historical concepts crucial to our understanding of social and cultural history, including gender history, family culture, intimacy, commercial culture, and identity.The Old Girtonian