A Morbidity Submodel of Infectious Diseases

Numbers of sick persons with infectious diseases in a country can be estimated by the morbidity submodel of infectious diseases. The input of the model is the population structure of the country and the outputs are numbers of sick, deaths and prevalence rates of infectious diseases. The model makes use of three disease specific rates which are assumed to be constant across developed countries, namely morbidity rate, recovery rate, and death rate per capita. For this paper values of these three rates were calculated from Japanese survey data describing disease specific prevalence rate, death rate, and duration of stay. The outputs of the model are in good agreement with WHO statistics from Japan and other developed countries

Analysis and Future Estimation of Medical Demands Using a Health Care Simulation Model: A Case Study of Japan

A method of building a universal health care model was proposed in RM-77-006 (Kaihara, et al., An Approach to Building a Universal Health Care Model). This method is based on the calculation of essential parameters of health care from ordinary statistics. The essential parameters proposed in the previous report were population structure, morbidity rate, recovery rate, death rate, patient registration rate and awareness rate. The method was applied successfully to the analysis of medical demands at the national level of Japan. The results showed that in the past 15 years the awareness rate was the most important factor which contributed to the increase of the patients. But in the future, the model predicted that the change of population structure will be the main cause of the increase of the number of patients in Japan

An Approach to Building a Universal Health Care Model: Morbidity Model of Degenerative Diseases

There have been many different approaches to building health care models. Because of these differences, it is sometimes difficult to relate the developed models to each other. We have therefore first defined the submodels of the health care system and clarified the relation of our approach to studies already undertaken. The submodels also show the steps in building the health care model. The first step was to construct the morbidity model of degenerative diseases. The validity of the model was tested for various countries, using statistics from the World Health Organization. The fit of the model to empirical data was satisfactory. The model was applied to an international comparison and estimation of trends in degenerative diseases. The study showed the feasibility of this type of approach in health planning

Discriminant Analysis of Undaria pinnatifida

Increasingly, attention is being paid to declaring the origin of agricultural and marine products after the advent of the bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE; commonly known as mad-cow disease). The display of the production centers on U. pinnatifida has been required in Japan since 2006. As an example of testing in another marine product, near-infrared spectra (NIR) and trace elemental analysis of U. pinnatifida are proven effective methods for discriminating production centers by us and Food and Agricultural Materials Inspection Center (FAMIC). In the present study, we found that X-ray fluorescence analysis of Br was also effective for the discrimination of production centers. The results of our study suggest that a combination of NIR and X-ray fluorescence analysis is a convenient and efficient method for determination due simple sampling procedures and increased effectiveness

Teletrabalho e duração do trabalho: estudo sobre as interpretações do inciso III, do art. 62, da CLT, a partir da Lei nº 13.467/17

O presente trabalho tem como tema a exclusão do teletrabalhador do Capítulo da Duração do Trabalho, redação dada pela Lei nº 13.467/17, que instituiu a Reforma Trabalhista. Abordou-se o conceito do teletrabalho, seus potenciais benefícios e desvantagens, assim como o enquadramento jurídico dado pelo Direito do Trabalho. Após, fez-se incurso sobre a duração do trabalho, seu embasamento constitucional, a sua relação com o este tipo de labor à distância, assim como as premissas de aplicação do art. 62, da CLT, observando que tanto a doutrina, quanto a Justiça do Trabalho previam a possibilidade de o teletrabalhador ter limitada a sua jornada de trabalho. Com o objetivo de analisar as manifestações doutrinárias diante da alteração pela Reforma Trabalhista que nega ao teletrabalhador o controle de jornada, se concluiu haver uma posição predominante de que a leitura da normativa em comento não deve ser restritiva conforme o texto da lei, sob pena de prejudicar diversos trabalhadores que laboram através do teletrabalho, negando direitos fundamentais e a tratativa vigente anteriormente