Efficiency increased in new solar cell: A Concept

Graded band-gap cell should be able to convert solar radiation into electrical energy more efficiently than any solar cell currently available. Thickness of band-gap region should be chosen to maximize both quantity of light absorbed in region and fraction of photogenerated charge carriers collect at junction

Cell Research and Technology Workshop

Four major areas in solar cell research and technology were considered. The areas were: (1) the silicon cell; (2) the GaAs cell; (3) the multibandgap cell; and (4) novel ideas. In each area material research issues, cell research issues, and the cell technology that needs development are considered

Cascade Solar Cell Workshop report

Issues related to the feasibility, research and development, and demonstration of a 30% AMO cascade solar cell discussed include the material selection, growth and fabrication techniques, and device development strategy for a monolithic (two terminal) cascade cell, a hybrid (four terminal) cascade cell, and a spectral splitting device (three cells). Workshop recommendations include: (1) initiate a long range research program to develop a three junction, monolithic, cascade cell using either AlGaAsSb-GaAsSb or AlGaInAs-GaInAs material system; (2) emphasize OM-CVD epitaxial growth technique, perhaps combined with other technologies in the near term to obtain tunnel junctions; (3) develop a two junction device first; (4) initiate a cascade solar cell modeling program to study and compare performance of two and four terminal cascade devices exposed to electron and proton irradiation; and (5) encourage and be open to new ideas for developing four terminal, hybrid, cascade cells exploiting novel component cell interconnect technologies

Ongoing processes of managing consent: the empirical ethics of using video-recording in clinical practice and research

O'Reilly, M., Parker, N., & Hutchby, I. (2011). Ongoing processes of managing consent: The empirical ethics of using video-recording in clinical practice and research. Clinical Ethics, 6(4), 179-185. https://doi.org/10.1258/ce.2011.011040. Copyright © 2011 SAGE. Reprinted by permission of SAGE Publications.Using video to facilitate data collection has become increasingly common in health research. Using video in research, however, does raise additional ethical concerns. In this paper we utilise family therapy data to provide empirical evidence of how recording equipment is treated. We show that families made a distinction between what was observed through the video by the reflecting team and what was being recorded onto videotape. We show that all parties actively negotiated what should and should not go ‘on the record’ with particular attention to sensitive topics and the responsibility of the therapist. Our findings have important implications for both clinical professionals and researchers using video data. We maintain that informed consent should be an ongoing process and with this in mind we present some arguments pertaining to the current debates in this field of health care practice

Ethics in Praxis: Negotiating the Role and Functions of a Video Camera in family therapy

Hutchby, I., O'Reilly, M., & Parker, N. (2013). Ethics in Praxis: Negotiating the Role and Functions of a Video Camera in Family Therapy. Discourse Studies, 14(6), 675-690. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461445612457487 . Copyright © 2012 SAGE. Reprinted by permission of SAGE Publications.The use of video for research purposes is something that has attracted ethical attention and debate. While the usefulness of video as a mechanism to collect data is widely agreed, the ethical sensitivity and impact of recording equipment is more contentious. In some clinical settings the presence of a camera has a dual role, as a portal to a reflecting team and as a recording device to obtain research data. Using data from one such setting, family therapy sessions, this article shows how the role played by recording equipment is negotiated in the course of talk and other activities that constitute sessions. Analysis reveals that members of the therapy interaction orient in different ways and for different purposes to the value of recordings. The article concludes that there are layers of benefit to be derived from recording of clinical interactions, including for members themselves, and this has wider implications for the ways in which qualitative research designs in health sciences are evaluated

‘What’s it like to have ME?’ The discursive construction of ME in computer-mediated communication and face-to-face interaction

ME/CFS (chronic fatigue syndrome) is a debilitating illness for which no cause or medical tests have been identified. Debates over its nature have generated interest from qualitative researchers. However, participants are difficult to recruit because of the nature of their condition. Therefore, this study explores the utility of the internet as a means of eliciting accounts. We analyse data from focus groups and the internet in order to ascertain the extent to which previous research findings apply to the internet domain. Interviews were conducted among 49 members of internet (38 chatline, 11 personal) and 7 members of two face-to-face support groups. Discourse analysis of descriptions and accounts of ME/CFS revealed similar devices and interactional concerns in both internet and face-to-face communication. Participants constructed their condition as serious, enigmatic and not psychological. These functioned to deflect problematic assumptions about ME/CFS and to manage their accountability for the illness and its effects

Multi-band gap and new solar cell options workshop

Discussions of the multi-band gap (MBG) and new solar cell options workshop are presented. Topics discussed include: greater than 2 terminal cells; radiation damage preventing development of MBG cells for space; lattice matching; measurement of true performance; future of II-VI materials in MBG devices; and quaternaries

Graded-bandgap AlGaAs solar cells for AlGaAs/Ge cascade cells

Some p/n graded-bandgap Al(x)Ga(1-x)As solar cells were fabricated and show AMO conversion efficiencies in excess of 15 percent without antireflection (AR) coatings. The emitters of these cells are graded between 0.008 is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to 0.02 during growth of 0.25 to 0.30 micron thick layers. The keys to achieving this performance were careful selection of organometallic sources and scrubbing oxygen and water vapor from the AsH3 source. Source selection and growth were optimized using time-resolved photoluminescence. Preliminary radiation-resistance measurements show AlGaAs cells degraded less than GaAs cells at high 1 MeV electron fluences, and AlGaAs cells grown on GaAs and Ge substrates degrade comparably

What do we know about using drama techniques to promote restorative practices?

Using a qualitative interpretive approach, I will be investigating what we know about drama techniques and how they can be used to promote restorative practices. I will be arguing that there is evidence, from the arenas of restorative practices, drama-therapy and the criminal justice sector, to suggest that drama techniques have the potential to promote the underlying principles of the restorative approach. My research objectives seek to highlight and expose the areas of most interest to the academic community in regards to my overarching question. I will be highlighting the position of both drama and restorative practices within the current educational landscape and linking these findings into my implications. Furthermore, a key finding, and basis for academic argument throughout, is that drama’s ability to promote restorative practices is in need of further investigation. Key Words: Restorative practices, Drama techniques, Imagined experienc

Interactional Structure Applied to the Identification and Generation of Visual Interactive Behavior: Robots that (Usually) Follow the Rules

Peer reviewe