On a class of hh-Fourier integral operators

In this paper, we study the $L^{2}$-boundedness and $L^{2}$-compactness of a class of $h$-Fourier integral operators. These operators are bounded (respectively compact) if the weight of the amplitude is bounded (respectively tends to $0)$

Design of a Novel 1x4 Two-Dimensional Demultiplexer Based on Multicore Photonic Crystal Fiber

This work suggests a brand-new 1*4 two-dimensional demultiplexer design based on multicore photonic crystal fiber.  Numerical models show that the optical signals can be separated in a photonic crystal fiber construction using optical signals with wavelengths of 0.85, 1.1, 1.19, and 1.35 µm injected on the center core and separated into four cores. The innovative design switches different air-hole positions using pure silica layers throughout the length of the fiber to regulate the direction of light transmission between layers.Wavelength demultiplexers are essential parts of optical systemic communications. They serve as a data distributor and canuse a single input to produce multiple outputs. The background material is frequently natural silica, and air holes can be found anywhere throughout the length of the fiber as the low-index components.The simulation results showed that after a 6 mm light propagation, the four-channel demux can start to demultiplex

Free vibrational analysis of composite beams reinforced with randomly aligned and oriented carbon nanotubes, resting on an elastic foundation

The main interest of this paperwork is to examinate the dynamic behavior (free vibrational response) of carbon nanotubes (CNT) composite beams standing on an elastic foundation of Winkler-Pasternak’s. The affected beam consists of a polymer matrix reinforced with single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT’s), in which, a large number of CNT’s reinforcement of infinite length are distributed in a linear elastic polymer matrix. In this study the CNT’s are considered either aligned or randomly oriented on the matrix. A refined high-order beam theory (RBT) is adopted in the present analysis using a new shape function. The refined beam theory which is summarized by differentiating the displacement along the beam transverse section into shear and bending components, initially the material properties of the composite beam (CNTRC) are estimated using the Mori-Tanaka’s method. The beam is considered simply supported on the edge-lines. NAVIER’s solutions are proposed to solve the boundary conditions problems. Since there are no results to compare with in the literature; the results in this study are compared with a free vibrational analysis of an isotropic beam.  Several aspects such as the length/thickness ratio, volume fraction of nanotubes, and vibrational modes are carried out in the parametric study

Evolutionary history of Leishmania killicki (synonymous Leishmania tropica) and taxonomic implications

Background: Leishmania (L.) killicki is responsible for the chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis. The taxonomic status of this parasite is still not well defined. It was suggested on one hand to include this taxon within L. tropica complex but also on the other hand to consider it as a distinct phylogenetic complex. The present work represents the more detailed study on the evolutionary history of L. killicki relative to L. tropica and the taxonomic implications. Methods: Thirty five L. killicki and 25 L. tropica strains isolated from humans and from several countries were characterized using the MultiLocus Enzyme Electrophoresis (MLEE) and the MultiLocus Sequence Typing (MLST) approaches. Results: The genetic and phylogenetic analyses strongly support that L. killicki belongs to L. tropica complex. The study suggests the emergence of L. killicki by a funder effect followed by an independent evolution from L. tropica, but does not validate the species status of this taxon. In this context, we suggest to call this taxon L. killicki (synonymous L. tropica) until further epidemiological and phylogenetic studies justify the L. killicki denomination. Conclusions: These findings provided taxonomic and phylogenetic informations on L. killicki and helped to better know the evolutionary history of this taxon

PADIC: extension and new experiments

International audiencePADIC is a multidialectal parallel Arabic corpus. It was composed initially by five Arabic dialects, three from the Maghreb and two from the Middle East, in addition to standard Arabic. In this paper, we present an augmented version of PADIC with a Moroccan dialect. We give also an evaluation, using the σ–index, of the computerization level of the Arabic dialects present in PADIC which reveals that these languages are really under-resourced. Several experiments in machine translation, in both sides between all the combinations of language pairs, are discussed too. For each language, we interpolated the corresponding Language Model (LM) with a large Arabic corpus based LM. The results show that this interpolation is in some cases without effect on the performances of translation systems and in others is rather penalizing

Transient Analysis of Grounding Systems Associated to Substation Structures under Lightning Strokes

In this paper we propose a new formalism for analyzing the transient behavior of grounding systems associated to substation structures (Faraday-cage) under lightning strokes in unsettled regime. The protective device to study is formed of a guard filet connected to a grounding grid by simple conductors called down conductors. Our formalism is based on the resolution of the propagation equation in potential on 3D. The purpose of our proposition is the direct analyzing in time domain and simple implementation. We compare the results obtained by this new approach to results published in literature