Advanced microbial check valve development

A flight certified assembly identified as a Microbial Check Valve (MCV) was developed and tested. The MCV is a canister packed with an iodinated anionic exchange resin. The device is used to destroy organisms in a water stream as the water passes through the device. The device is equally effective for fluid flow in either direction and its primary method of organism removal is killing rather than filtering. The MCV was successfully developed for the space shuttle to: disinfect fuel cell water; and prevent back contamination of the stored potable water supply. One version of the device consists of a high residual iodinated resin bed that imparts approximately 2 ppm of iodine to the fuel cell water as it flows to the potable water tanks. A second version of the device consists of a low residual iodinated resin bed. One of these low residual beds is located at each use port in the potable water system for the dual purpose of removing some iodine from the potable water as it is dispensed and also to prevent back contamination of the potable supply

Driving and Inhibiting Factors in the Adoption of Open Source Software in Organisations

The aim of this research is to investigate the extent to which Open Source Software (OSS) adoption behaviour can empirically be shown to be governed by a set of self-reported (driving and inhibiting) salient beliefs of key informants in a sample of organisations. Traditional IS adoption/usage theory, methodology and practice are drawn on. These are then augmented with theoretical constructs derived from IT governance and organisational diagnostics to propose an artefact that aids the understanding of organisational OSS adoption behaviour, stimulates debate and aids operational management interventions. For this research, a combination of quantitative methods (via Fisher’s Exact Test) and complimentary qualitative method (via Content Analysis) were used using self-selection sampling techniques. In addition, a combination of data and methods were used to establish a set of mixed-methods results (or meta-inferences). From a dataset of 32 completed questionnaires in the pilot study, and 45 in the main study, a relatively parsimonious set of statistically significant driving and inhibiting factors were successfully established (ranging from 95% to 99.5% confidence levels) for a variety for organisational OSS adoption behaviours (i.e. by year, by software category and by stage of adoption). In addition, in terms of mixed-methods, combined quantitative and qualitative data yielded a number of factors limited to a relatively small number of organisational OSS adoption behaviour. The findings of this research are that a relatively small set of driving and inhibiting salient beliefs (e.g. Security, Perpetuity, Unsustainable Business Model, Second Best Perception, Colleagues in IT Dept., Ease of Implementation and Organisation is an Active User) have proven very accurate in predicting certain organisational OSS adoption behaviour (e.g. self-reported Intention to Adopt OSS in 2014) via Binomial Logistic Regression Analysis

Elementary educators use of the internet and the applications of information literacy skills to student use of the world wide web

The purpose of this study was to examine how nine elementary school teachers, grades fourth and fifth, reported using the World Wide Web with their students, and more specifically, how they incorporated information literacy skills in Web-based activities. The following research questions were investigated: • What is the teacher\u27s understanding of the importance of the Web? • What assignments or equivalents do they place on students that demonstrate the students\u27 knowledge of information literacy and the Web? • What information literacy instruction do they give students concerning the Web? • How do teachers view students\u27 abilities to use that knowledge in assessing what they find on the Web? • What is the teacher\u27s understanding of information literacy? The qualitative research method used was a phenomenological study based on interviews structured around open-ended questions with spontaneous, related questions used to probe and illicit explanation and clarification. The transcriptions were filtered and analyzed using the software package NUD•IST. Findings of this study revealed that while participants viewed the Web and Web activities positively they did not feel their students were developmentally ready for information literacy instruction. The following conclusions were made: • Teachers view the Web as an important resource for students and themselves and incorporate its use in assignments and activities. • The participants in this study were unable or unwilling to provide opportunities for students to demonstrate knowledge of information literacy during web activities. • The participants\u27 understanding of information literacy was absent at the conceptual level and not demonstrated in any student related activities

Movements of lingcod (Ophiodon elongatus) tagged in Carmel Bay, California

Movements of 30 lingcod (Ophiodon elongatus) tagged with acoustic transmitters were monitored over one year using an array of acoustic receivers in Carmel Bay, California. For all tagged lingcod, residence times in the array varied from 3.8 to 100%of their respective days at liberty. On average, lingcod spent 42.5 ± 17.9 (SE) consecutive days in and 8.1 ± 1.5 (SE) consecutive days out of the array. Residency significantly decreased with total length for female lingcod, while a significant relationship was not exhibited for male lingcod. Large female lingcod, at lengths > 90% maturity, spent the least amount of time in the array but were present during the fall spawning season and briefly during the spring. There was an observed decline in residency in April for males and small female lingcod, the timing of which coincided with the post nest-guarding dispersal period for males and with the return of large females into the array. Large female lingcod were recorded at significantly greater depths within the array compared to male and small female lingcod. Lingcod exhibited strong site fidelity, with tagged fish recorded on one receiver for an average of 76.8% (± 3.7 SE) of all l-hour time bins containing signals and on two adjacent receivers for 91.0% (± 4.3 SE) of all l-hour time bins. There was no significant difference in site fidelity among sexes and size classes of tagged lingcod, and patterns of movements were not found to be different among lingcod released in high, medium, and low relief habitats

Water system microbial check valve development

Development work on a device for the Space Shuttle that will prevent the transfer of viable microorganisms within water systems is described. The device serves as a check valve in that it prevents the transfer or cross-contamination of microorganisms from a nonpotable system into a potable water system when these systems are interconnected. In this regard, the function of the device is similar to that of the air gap found in conventional one gravity systems. The device is essentially a bed of resin material impregnated with iodine. Basic design data for a variety of flow and temperature conditions are presented, together with results of challenging the beds with suspensions of seven microorganisms including aerobes, anaerobes, and spore formers

Comments on "The Adjoint Method and Its Application to Trajectory Optimization"

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/77545/1/AIAA-54919-184.pd