Le care entre dépendance et domination: l'intérêt de la théorie néorépublicaine pour penser une "caring society"

L’éthique du care est confrontée à un problème qui a des allures de paradoxe: bien que sa politisation paraisse nécessaire, l’éthique du care ne semble pas pouvoir trouver en elle-même les ressources suffisantes à la formulation d’une théorie politique compréhensive. Il ne semble pas exister de théorie politique du care à part entière. Cet article examine la fécondité d’un rapprochement entre éthique du care et théorie néorépublicaine de la non-domination. Le résultat, non négligeable, serait de garantir des formes importantes de protections aux activités de care, mais il cela n’empêcherait pas nécessairement les représentations négatives de ces activités, dont on peut supposer qu’elle est l’un des facteurs de la marginalisation et de la répartition inégale qui les affecte. Pour bloquer ces représentations dégradantes, il faudrait que le care soit discuté et défini dans l’espace public non seulement comme un lieu possible de la domination, mais comme un aspect fondamental et positif de la vie individuelle et collective.The ethics of care is facing a paradox: although politicization seems necessary, the ethics of care does not seem able to find in itself sufficient resources to formulate a comprehensive political theory. There is no political theory of care per se. This article examines the possible and fruitful rapprochement of ethics of care with neorepublican theories of non-domination. The important result would be to guarantee the protection of important forms of care activities, but this would not necessarily block negative portrayals of these activities, which can be assumed of having provoked, at least partly, the marginalization and the uneven distribution that affects these activities. In order to stop these degrading representations, care must be discussed and defined in the public space not only as a possible locus of domination, but as a fundamental and positive aspect of individual and collective lives

A numerical study of submesoscale processes in the coastal circulation of Madeira

Submesoscale processes are defined geometrically by a lower length scale than the first baroclinic radius of deformation and dynamically by a Rossby number (Ro) of O(1), thus virtually unaffected by planetary forces. They have been widely studied in various environments using in-situ measurements, remote sensing, and numerical modelling. However, due to their unpredictable nature and relatively short spatial and temporal scales, identifying submesoscale patterns is a difficult task. Therefore, abundant ongoing research is continuously seeking new insight on their irregular behavior in the ocean. Recent observations of submesocale structures have shown their efficiency in transporting particles horizontally and vertically in both the open ocean and coastal waters. Oceanographic studies concerning the deep-sea island of Madeira have mainly focused on mesoscale processes but have yet to describe features found at the submesoscale. Based on the recent discovery of a coastal current over Madeira’s insular shelf, this study attempts to assess the role of submesoscale processes on the island’s coastal circulation and the main physical forcings responsible for their generation. A coupled ocean-atmosphere model (COAWST) was used to simulate oceanic outputs within 1-km resolution grids, from which Eulerian properties of the flow field were calculated to detect submesoscale activity in the area. In addition, 4 simulations were run according to different forcing scenarios: (A) all forcings (wind, tides, geostrophic); (B) wind forcing; (C) tidal forcing; (D) geostrophic far-field forcing. Results show that submesoscale activity was generally concentrated near the coast and mostly attributed to wind and geostrophic forcings. Eddies with Ro larger than 1 were found in Madeira’s wake and/or on the fringes of mesoscale eddies interacting with the island’s shallow bathymetry, which is in line with the literature. These small-scale eddies were the dominant feature within the coastal circulation, suggesting their important contribution to the material transport along the shelf.Os processos de submesoscala são definidos geometricamente por uma escala de comprimento inferior ao primeiro raio de deformação baroclínico e dinamicamente por um número Rossby (Ro) de O(1), praticamente não afectado por forças planetárias. Estes têm sido amplamente estudados em vários ambientes utilizando medições in-situ, detecção remota, e modelação numérica. No entanto, devido à sua natureza imprevisível e escalas espaciais e temporais relativamente curtas, a identificação de padrões de submesoescala é uma tarefa difícil. Por conseguinte, existe muita investigação em curso à procura de uma melhor compreensão do seu comportamento irregular no oceano. Observações recentes de estruturas de submesoescala demonstraram a sua eficiência no transporte horizontal e vertical de partículas tanto no oceano aberto como nas águas costeiras. Focando nas águas profundas da ilha da Madeira, vários estudos oceanográficos centraram-se principalmente nos processos de mesoscala, mas ainda não descreveram as características encontradas na submesoscala. Com base na recente descoberta de uma corrente costeira sobre a plataforma insular da Madeira, este estudo tenta avaliar o papel dos processos de submesoescala na circulação costeira da ilha e os principais forçamentos físicos responsáveis pela sua geração. Foi utilizado um modelo numérico acoplando as interações oceano-atmosfera (COAWST) para simular saídas oceânicas dentro de grelhas de 1 km de resolução, a partir das quais foram calculadas as propriedades eulerianas do campo de fluxo para detectar a actividade de submesoescala na área. Além disso, foram efectuadas 4 simulações de acordo com diferentes cenários forçadores: (A) todos os forçamentos (vento, marés, geostróficos); (B) forçamento pelo vento; (C) forçamento pela maré; (D) forçamento pelo campo distante geostrófico. Os resultados mostram que a actividade de submesoescala foi geralmente concentrada perto da costa e atribuída principalmente aos forçamentos pelo vento e geostrófico. Foram encontrados eddies com Ro maior que 1 na esteira da Madeira e/ou nas franjas de eddies de mesoescala interagindo com a batimetria rasa da ilha, o que concorda com a literatura. Estes remoinhos de pequena escala foram a característica dominante na circulação costeira, sugerindo a sua importante contribuição para o transporte de material ao longo da plataforma continental.Last but not least, I want to thank my supervisors Rui and João for guiding me through the many uncertainties and rerouting of this project and acknowledge the Portugal FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia) for the financial contribution in running the numerical simulations of this work

Cleveland Police Report, November 10, 1954, describing Lester Hoverstein\u27s recollection of his visit with Sam in Bay View Hospital on July 5th, 1954

On November 10, 1954, Officer Gareau picked up Dr. Lester Hoverston at the airport. Hoverston described his visit to Sam on July 5th, 1954 at Bay View Hospital. Dr. Steven Sheppard was also in the room and, according to Hoverston, said to Sam You should review in your mind several times during the day, the sequence of events as they happen{ed} so that when you will be questioned, you will have your story straight

July 4, 1954, Cleveland Police Report, Detectives Gareau and Schottke arrive at the murder scene at 8:05am

At 8:05am on July 4th, 1954, Detectives Gareau and Schottke were assigned to assist the Bay Village Police Department with the Marilyn Sheppard murder investigation. In this report they describe the murder room and the rest of the Sheppard home as well as their interview with Sam Sheppard after he was taken to Bay View Hospital

July 4, 1954, Cleveland Police Report, Detectives Gareau and Schottke arrive at the murder scene at 8:05am

At 8:05am on July 4th, 1954, Detectives Gareau and Schottke were assigned to assist the Bay Village Police Department with the Marilyn Sheppard murder investigation. In this report they describe the murder room and the rest of the Sheppard home as well as their interview with Sam Sheppard after he was taken to Bay View Hospital

Opening the Courthouse Doors: Allowing a Cause of Action to Arise Directly from a Violation of the Ohio Constitution

This note will explain why Ohio\u27s Constitution should be looked to as the source of meaningful remedy when its provisions are violated. I will demonstrate that a cause of action grounded upon a violation of the Ohio Constitution is not only meaningful, but necessary to the notion of constitutional rights. Section two will briefly discuss the necessity of allowing a cause of action to arise from a violation of the Ohio Constitution. In particular, I will discuss the independence of the Ohio Constitution; the federal courts\u27 increasing hostility toward the vindication of federal constitutional rights; and the benefit of allowing the aggrieved a choice, with respect to the vindication of his constitutional rights, between remedies offered under federal law and those afforded under Ohio law

Cleveland Police Report, December 11, 1954 describing Bay View Hospital worker Donna Bailey\u27s opening of a love letter from Susan to Sam

In the Spring of 1954, Donna Bailey, Bay View Hospital employee, accidentally opened a letter from Susan Hayes to Samuel Sheppard. The testimony of her husband, Robert Bailey\u27s regarding this letter was allowed by Judge Ronald Suster in the 2000 trial (read here Suster\u27s Memorandum Opinion

Opening the Courthouse Doors: Allowing a Cause of Action to Arise Directly from a Violation of the Ohio Constitution

This note will explain why Ohio\u27s Constitution should be looked to as the source of meaningful remedy when its provisions are violated. I will demonstrate that a cause of action grounded upon a violation of the Ohio Constitution is not only meaningful, but necessary to the notion of constitutional rights. Section two will briefly discuss the necessity of allowing a cause of action to arise from a violation of the Ohio Constitution. In particular, I will discuss the independence of the Ohio Constitution; the federal courts\u27 increasing hostility toward the vindication of federal constitutional rights; and the benefit of allowing the aggrieved a choice, with respect to the vindication of his constitutional rights, between remedies offered under federal law and those afforded under Ohio law

Cleveland Police Report, December 11, 1954 describing Bay View Hospital worker Donna Bailey\u27s opening of a love letter from Susan to Sam

In the Spring of 1954, Donna Bailey, Bay View Hospital employee, accidentally opened a letter from Susan Hayes to Samuel Sheppard. The testimony of her husband, Robert Bailey\u27s regarding this letter was allowed by Judge Ronald Suster in the 2000 trial (read here Suster\u27s Memorandum Opinion