MODELLING OF THE NANOWIRE CdS-CdTe DEVICE DESIGN FOR ENHANCED QUANTUM EFFICIENCY IN WINDOW-ABSORBER TYPE SOLAR CELLS

Numerical simulations of current-voltage characteristics of nanowire CdS/CdTe solar cells are performed as a function of temperature using SCAPS-1D. This research compares the experimental current-voltage (I-V) characteristics with the numerical (I-V) simulations obtained from SCAPS-1D at various temperatures. Various device parameters were studied which can affect the efficiency of the nanowire-CdS/CdTe solar cell. It was observed that the present simulated model explains the important effects of these solar cell devices, such as the crossover and the rollover effect. It was shown that the removal of defect in i-SnO2 is responsible for producing the crossover effect. In the past, the rollover effect has been explained by using back to back diode model in the literature. In this work, simulations were performed in order to validate this theory. At the back electrode, the majority carrier barrier height was varied from 0.4 to 0.5 eV, the curve corresponding to the 0.5 eV barrier showed a strong rollover effect, while this effect disappeared when the barrier was reduced to 0.4 eV. Thus, it was shown that the change of barrier height at the contact is a critical parameter in the rollover effect

An Ayurveda Perspective on Khageshwar Rasa W. S. R. to Rasayogsagar

The stream of ayurveda science that deals with therapeutics properties of minerals, precious stones, metals and poisonous herbs is termed as Rasashastra. This branch not only related with therapeutic properties of Rasaushadhies but deals with processing of Rasa-Dravyas. The Rasa drugs help to treats many diseases and imparts rejuvenating effects. The theories and principles of Rasashastra help to convert toxic substance into non-toxic life saving medicines. The process involved in the preparation in of such drugs need to be followed carefully and must be analyzed to ensure safety of formulations. Considering this current study presented various analytical aspects related to the Khageshwara Rasa. Keywords: Ayurveda, Rasashastra, Khageshwara Rasa, Analysis   &nbsp

Divine, Philosophical, and Existential dimension of Gerard Manley Hopkins’ poetry

The research paper aims to exhibit and explore pious, philosophical, and existential aspects of Gerard Manley Hopkins’ selected poems which remain an invaluable contribution to the shape and development of the Christian thought both for theologians and academic critics. The author of the article emphasizes that Hopkins’s challenging, highly ambitious and complex works, filled with spiritual anxiety, dualism and struggle between reason and sensuality, harmony and violence, happiness, and suffering, were mostly reject able by the Victorian audience and critics. Hopkins’s “model of the world” (Barańczak 1981), his depiction of tragic human existence and the presentation of two contradictory facets of God meet more the expectations of contemporary readers and are more appreciable by today’s thinkers, philosophers, and critics

ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC ACTIVITY OF VARIOUS MUSCLES DURING SIT-TO-STAND IN PATIENTS WITH STROKE: A META-ANALYSIS

Aims: To provide a comprehensive information about analysis of activation of various muscles during Sit-to-Stand in patients with stroke. To determine if there exists any common pattern of muscle activation. To give direction to future studies regarding the muscles to be investigated during Sit-to-Stand. Methods: literature search was performed with help of the most commonly used database i.e. PubMed to select the studies related to electromyographic activities of various lower extremity, trunk and upper extremity muscles during Sit-to-Stand activity, published till 2016. The Inclusion criteria for the study were Prospective or retrospective cohort studies, studies that included only participants with stroke leading to hemiparesis and/or along with healthy participants as control group and studies that measured the EMG activity in either trunk muscles and/or limb muscles during sit to stand. The exclusion criteria were if their population of interest also included patients with other neurological conditions and studies in any language other than English. Two independent investigators assessed the studies based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.  Keywords used during the search were Electromyography, Stroke, Sit-to-Stand. The studies were thoroughly evaluated with respect to the Sit-to-Stand procedure and variety of muscles that were investigated through EMG analysis. Results: With the help of given keywords, abstracts/articles of 21 studies were retrieved from the database. After initial screening of the abstracts 12 studies were selected for in depth analysis. Various lower extremity muscles including Tibialis Anterior, Soleus, Quadriceps, Vastusmedialis, Gluteus Maximus were investigated in the studies. In 2 studies, Trunk muscles were investigated whereas in one study Triceps muscle activity was analyzed during Sit-to Stand activity in patients with stroke. Conclusion: From this study it can be concluded that the activity of Tibialis Anterior muscle was investigated more frequently by various researchers followed by the activity of Soleus and Quadriceps muscle

ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC ACTIVITY OF VARIOUS MUSCLES DURING SIT-TO-STAND IN PATIENTS WITH STROKE: A META-ANALYSIS

Aims: To provide a comprehensive information about analysis of activation of various muscles during Sit-to-Stand in patients with stroke. To determine if there exists any common pattern of muscle activation. To give direction to future studies regarding the muscles to be investigated during Sit-to-Stand. Methods: literature search was performed with help of the most commonly used database i.e. PubMed to select the studies related to electromyographic activities of various lower extremity, trunk and upper extremity muscles during Sit-to-Stand activity, published till 2016. The Inclusion criteria for the study were Prospective or retrospective cohort studies, studies that included only participants with stroke leading to hemiparesis and/or along with healthy participants as control group and studies that measured the EMG activity in either trunk muscles and/or limb muscles during sit to stand. The exclusion criteria were if their population of interest also included patients with other neurological conditions and studies in any language other than English. Two independent investigators assessed the studies based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.  Keywords used during the search were Electromyography, Stroke, Sit-to-Stand. The studies were thoroughly evaluated with respect to the Sit-to-Stand procedure and variety of muscles that were investigated through EMG analysis. Results: With the help of given keywords, abstracts/articles of 21 studies were retrieved from the database. After initial screening of the abstracts 12 studies were selected for in depth analysis. Various lower extremity muscles including Tibialis Anterior, Soleus, Quadriceps, Vastusmedialis, Gluteus Maximus were investigated in the studies. In 2 studies, Trunk muscles were investigated whereas in one study Triceps muscle activity was analyzed during Sit-to Stand activity in patients with stroke. Conclusion: From this study it can be concluded that the activity of Tibialis Anterior muscle was investigated more frequently by various researchers followed by the activity of Soleus and Quadriceps muscle

Action research arm test as a tool for assessment of motor recovery in patients with stroke: a critical review

 Action research arm test has been used widely clinically for the assessment of upper extremity function post stroke and in various other conditions. Measurement of recovery after stroke is becoming increasingly important with the advent of new treatment options under investigation in stroke rehabilitation research. The Action Research Arm Test scale was developed as the first quantitative evaluative instrument for measuring motor stroke recovery, based on a upper extremity test by Lyle. It is a well-designed, feasible and efficient clinical examination method that has been tested widely in the stroke population. Excellent interrater and intrarater reliability and construct validity have been demonstrated. Limitations of the motor domain include a ceiling effect. Further study should test performance of this scale in specific subgroups of stroke patients and better define its criterion validity, sensitivity to change, and minimal clinically important difference. Based on the available evidence, the Action Research Arm Test is recommended highly as a clinical and research tool for evaluating changes in motor impairment following stroke

A study on maternal near miss cases in tertiary care center, Chandrapur, Maharashtra, India

Background: Obstetrics near miss is an important indicator that reflects the quality of obstetrics care in a health facility. It assesses and monitors the activities aimed for prevention of maternal mortality. The aim and objective of this study was to find out the incidence, the prevalence and the causes of maternal near miss cases due to severe obstetrics complications.Methods: This is a retrospective study done in department of obstetrics and gynecology in GMC Chandrapur. The study was done during a period from 1st January 2019 to 31st December 2019.Results: In this study the hospital maternal near miss incidence ratio was 13.11%. In this study authors found the most common morbidity was (36.06%) hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, (28.68%) cases of major obstetric haemorrhage, (7.37%) severe systemic infection or sepsis, (2.45%) labour related disorders. In medical disorders very severe anaemia, (13.11%) was most common cause of near miss. The most common cause of death was post-partum haemorrhage (41.66%) and most of the patients referred from periphery in very critical condition.Conclusions: Haemorrhage and hypertension disorders are the leading causes of MNM. Prompt diagnosis and adequate management of near miss cases can reduce mortality rates

A CRITICAL STUDY OF MEDODHARA KALA AND ITS CORRELATION WITH ADIPOSE TISSUE

There are many concepts mentioned in the classics are scientific and worth understanding in modern words. Every concept of Ayurveda has its own importance. Among them Acharya Sushruta explained Sapta Kalas in the body which mainly separate Dhatu and Ashaya. Kala Sharir is an important part of an Ayurvedic anatomy. Kala means layers or membranes of our body. There are many layers or membranes in the body which form an envelope over the organs. They provide support and protection to the organs. Medodhara Kala is 3rd in position and is described by Sushruta and other Acharyas. Medadhatu (adipose tissue or fat) is one of the seven fundamental tissues (Saptadhatu). It provides wormth, lubrication and oiliness to the body. Fat protects the body and leads strength, sturdiness and stability to the organs. It helps to nourish the Asthidhatu. Adipose tissue or fat is an anatomical term for loose connective tissue composed of adipocytes. Its main role is to store energy in the form of fat, although it also cushions and insulates the body. In this way we can understand the Medodhara Kala in gross anatomy. So the collection and comprehensive review of information regarding Medodhara Kala in different resources and its structure and function becomes significant

Evaluation of maternal care at different level of health care facilities and referral scenario in Northern Madhya Pradesh and its effect on fetomaternal outcome

Background: Pregnancy and childbirth especially in high-risk women necessitate proper antenatal, intranasal and immediate post partum care. Lack of knowledge, ignorance and poor transport facilities are major contributors of poor pregnancy outcome. Early detection of complications and prompt referral to higher centre is crucial in improving maternal outcome. Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted in 700 consecutive patients who attended the department of obstetrics and gynecology Bundelkhand medical college, Sagar Madhya Pradesh. India from 1st January 2021 to 30th July 2022. Results: Out of total patients included maximum referrals were from CHC (community health centre) i.e., 49%, followed by 25.5 and 14.6% referrals from DH (district hospital) and PHC (primary health centre) respectively. Majority of referrals from outside located CHC from Sagar district. Maximum referral reported during third trimester i.e., 58.4 and 79.2% from inside and outside Sagar respectively. Overall majority of patients referred belonged to the age group of 21 to 30 years (76.6%) and there was not significant (p=0.41) correlation between inside and outside referral. Conclusions: Maximum referrals reported during third trimester i.e., 58.4% and 79.2% from inside and outside Sagar Districts respectively and there was statistically significant correlation (p=0.01). Antenatal care (ANC) outcome at tertiary health centre can be improved by up grading health care facilities at various peripheral health care centres

General Principles, Approaches and Therapeutic Utility of Rasashastra; An Ayurveda Review

Ayurveda mentioned different branches for the management of normal health status and Rasashastra is one of the aspect of Ayurveda mainly deals with use of mineral, metal and Rasayana drugs. The branch Rasashastra involves procedures such as; Sodhana, Maranaand Putta, etc. Initially during development phase this branch mainly dealt with Rasa (mercury) and Rasa Dravyas hence termed as “Rasashastra”. The concept of Rasashastra offers enormous advantages towards the maintenance of normal physical and mental status. The drugs used in Rasashastra provide relief from many health ailments therefore this stream has occupied a unique place amongst the different therapeutic modalities of Ayurveda. Considering these all aspect present article explored general principles, approaches and importance of Rasashastra. Keywords: Ayurveda, Rasashastra, Rasayana, Bhasma