The territorial redefinition of the Vineyard Landscape in the sherry wine region (Spain)

The wine sector is a sector that lives and breathes its history and identity; and where developmental alternatives are sought in order to be able to compete in the market. Vineyard areas are sold as rural paradises, where leisure, gastronomy, the landscape, and open-air activities all provide quality tourist experiences. The case of the Sherry Wine Region (Spain) illustrates local restructuring processes, changes in local-global planning, and the socioeconomic impacts of the globalization of food. The symbiosis between the specific, the global, and the historical discourses gives rise to reflections on this region’s territorial redefinition; and highlights its architectural heritage, its landscape, and the gastronomic experiences on offer. Diversification is regenerating the local economy, and wine, and wine tourism, are both the focus of a new territorial policy strategy designed to face the challenges of globalization, and common bonds for partnerships between the public and the private sectors.Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of the Government of Spain CSO2015-6640

Short of Transformation: American ADN Students\u27 Thoughts, Feelings, and Experiences of Studying Abroad in a Low-Income Country

ADN students are a large yet distinct subgroup of nursing students who require research and understanding. The purpose of this study was to describe the thoughts, feelings, and experiences of American associate degree nursing (ADN) students who participated in a short study abroad course in a low-income country. A qualitative, narrative method was used. Three categories emerged from the analysis. Participants revealed thoughts of “constant comparisons”, feelings of an “emotional journey”, and they experienced “learning”. Participants did not demonstrate perspective transformation as defined by Mezirow as participants signified no intent for social action. Several potential blocks to perspective transformation were identified: egocentrism/emotional disconnect, perceived powerlessness/being overwhelmed, and a vacation mindset. The findings provide insight into the student experience of studying abroad. Transformative learning is not a guaranteed result. Nurse educators must consider strategies to foster transformation including discussing global systemic oppressors, international relations, coping, connecting, and social action

El miedo al rey. Fuentes y primeras reflexiones acerca de una emoción aristocrática en la Castilla del siglo XIV

FRANÇAIS: Face à un roi qui à présent pousse les effets de son ire jusqu’au meurtre pour faire le vide autour de lui et imposer sa différence souveraine, ses parents et les riches hommes, soit les principaux visés par cette politique de l'arbitraire qui enfreint les règles du jeu autant qu'elle contribue à les redéfinir, disent la peur (metus) qu'ils ressentent, qu'ils utilisent aussi afin de donner à leur stratégie de pouvoir un fondement légitime. Et l'expression de cette émotion politique, qui tend à se muer en un stéréotype d'un discours aristocratique d’opposition, surtout présente dans les chroniques, mises ici en relation ici avec d'autres sources, notamment des correspondances, marque profondément l'histoire des relations souvent conflictuelles au sein de cette compagnie en définitive très étroite pendant un siècle, de la fin du XIIIe siècle à la fin du XIVe siècle. Cet article se propose d'ébaucher une première réflexion sur le sujet et d'en présenter les principales sources. / ESPAÑOL: Frente a un rey que ahora lleva hasta la muerte los efectos de su ira para hacer el vacío entorno a su persona e imponer su soberana, sus parientes y ricos hombres, o sea los principales afectados por esta política de la arbitrariedad que rompe las reglas del juego a la vez que contribuye a redefinirlas, dicen el miedo (metus) que sienten, que utilizan también para darle a su estrategia de poder un fundamento legítimo. Y la expresión de esta emoción política, que tiende a convertirse en un estereotipo de un discurso aristocrático de oposición, sobre todo presente en la crónicas, aquí puestas en relación con otras fuentes, en particular cartas, marca profundamente la historia de las relaciones a menudo conflictivas dentro de esta compañia finalemente muy estrecha durante un siglo, de finales del XIII a finales del XIV. En este artículo, me propongo esbozar una primera reflexión sobre el tema y presentar sus principales fuentes

The relation between dividends and insider ownership in different legal systems: international evidence

This paper provides new international evidence on the relationship between dividend policy and insider ownership by analysing a sample of firms from countries characterised by an Anglo-Saxon tradition and a matching sample of companies from countries with Civil Law legal systems. We hypothesize that, due to the different characteristics of both the legal system and the nature of agency conflicts in firms from those countries, the relation between dividend policies and ownership by insiders will be considerably distinct between the two sets of companies. We find that while in firms from Anglo-Saxon tradition the relation between dividends and insider ownership follows the pattern negative-positive-negative, in Civil Law countries the relation is positive-negative-positive. These results are consistent with our hypotheses and breed new insights into the role of dividend policy as a disciplining mechanism in countries with different legal systems and distinct agency problems.dividend policy, corporate governance, insider ownership, international financial markets, dynamic panel data and GMM estimation

Associate Degree Nursing Students\u27 Thoughts, Feelings, and Experiences of Short Study Abroad in a Low-Income Country

Associate Degree Nursing students are rarely offered opportunities to study abroad. Educational research about nursing students studying abroad is limited but suggests positive outcomes. Prior research has focused on graduate or baccalaureate students in developed and less developed countries, thus, the experience of studying abroad in a low-income country for the associate degree student is unknown. The purpose of this study was to describe the thoughts, feelings, and experiences of associate degree nursing students who participated in a short study abroad course in a low-income country. Ten students participated in phone interviews to share narratives two to six weeks following their return home. Mezirow\u27s (1991) theory of transformative learning was applied to the findings. Three categories emerged from the analysis. Participants revealed thoughts of constant comparisons, feelings of an emotional journey, and they experienced learning. The category of constant comparisons encompassed subcategories of cultural beliefs, health practices, and poverty. Fear, frustration, shock/surprise, and sympathy emerged as subcategories within the emotional journey. Learning comprised of subcategories of elaborating and/or learning new meaning schemes and transforming meaning schemes. Participants did not demonstrate the highest level of learning as described by Mezirow (1991), perspective transformation, as participants signified no intent for social action. Several potential blocks to perspective transformation were identified: egocentrism/emotional disconnect, perceived powerlessness/being overwhelmed, and a vacation mindset. The findings pose implications for nursing education. To cultivate transformative learning, nurse educators must implement select strategies with students promoting critical reflection and empathy for others during study abroad experiences. Educators must be aware of defense mechanisms and promote effective coping. The findings highlight the importance of proper preparation efforts, objectives, teaching strategies, and assessment methods to foster education of social action in nursing

Investigating the mechanism of the Escherichia coli ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter MetNI

Chemical homeostasis is a baseline requirement for any cell to survive. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters play a vital role in homeostasis by importing nutrients and exporting toxins against their concentration gradients by utilizing the energy of ATP hydrolysis. Malfunctioning ABC transporters cause a variety of health problems, including cystic fibrosis, Stargardt’s disease (vision loss), and the development of drug-resistant tumors. An important step in solving these medical issues is to first understand the structure and mechanism of ABC transporters. Various studies have made great strides in depicting the structure and details of different ABC transporters and their mechanisms, however, many of these details were discovered with transporters in highly artificial environments using X-ray crystallography. This project aims to further understand the mechanism of the E. coli methionine importer MetNI using functional studies. A fluorescence anisotropy assay was developed as a functional study that would assess the dissociation constant between MetNI and its periplasmic binding protein MetQ. ATP-binding by MetNI was found to be a prerequisite for MetNI-Q complex formation. MetNI saw a slightly higher affinity for apo MetQ (Kd = 281 nM ± 36 nM) than L-Met bound MetQ (527 nM ± 107 nM). These similar binding affinities support the hypothesis that MetNI follows two different mechanisms originally proposed by Nguyen et. al.; one for the preferred L-Met substrate, and one for L-Met derivatives in situations of L-Met scarcity. Preliminary trials investigating the dissociation constant between the MetNI C2 domains and L-Met found a Kd dissociation constant between the MetNI C2 domains and L-Met of 484 nM. Moving forward, the ATP requirements for MetNI-Q complex formation will be investigated using MetNI transporters with nucleotide binding domain chimeras

Investigating the mechanism of the E.coli ATP-binding cassette transporter MetNI

Intracellular chemical homeostasis is vital for cell survival. A key component for the maintenance of this homeostasis is ABC (ATP-binding cassette) transporters. These highly-conserved transporters utilize the energy from ATP binding and hydrolysis to move a wide array of substrates against their chemical gradient. Mutations can lead to a variety of diseases including cystic fibrosis and drug-resistant tumors. In order to solve these issues, these transporters must be well-studied. This project focuses on the mechanism of the methionine importer MetNI in E. coli, a reliable model for many transporters. Using fluorescence anisotropy, the apo-form of the substrate-binding protein (SBP) was found to have a higher affinity for the ATP-bound transporter than substrate-bound SBP. These results match with that of published data that utilized thermophoresis titration, validating the use of fluorescence anisotropy in assessing binding affinity. Going forward, fluorescence anisotropy will be utilized to assess the binding affinity of methionine to the inhibitory domains of the transporter as well as how complex formation changes if the transporter is only able to bind one ATP molecule

A New Methodology for the Synthesis of 2-Alkyl-5,6-bis(alkylthio)benzo[d]thiazole-4,7-dione

Cancer is a rapidly growing fatal disease and with the various thiazole compounds being scientifically generated, possible treatment options can be implemented. Proper synthesis of 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone allows for a variety of compounds to be made with further treatment of alkylthio reagents. Both thioacetamide and thiobenzamide are used to react with 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone in order to build a library of thiazoles. Final compounds can be tested for the ability to inhibit recombinant enzyme activity and the capability to kill tumor cells. A basic oxidation procedure along with nucleophilic attack was used to create target products

Mexican American mothers\u27 health practices for febrile children in southeast Wisconsin

The purpose of this study was to identify the health care practices Mexican American mothers use for children with fever. The survey results (N = 47) indicated the following three most common practices: 1) giving acetaminophen (85%), 2) removing warm clothes (66%) and 3) giving ibuprofen (53%). The potentially harmful practice of administering aspirin to children with fever was indicated by 23% of the mothers. In addition, 29% of mothers placed alcohol on the body, a practice contraindicated by Western medicine. A variety of other remedies for fever were identified by Mexican American mothers including applying cold compresses, praying, giving cold baths, Vaporub, tea, placing tomatoes on the body, placing eggs on the body, dressing with clothes, using herbs, magic, enemas, electrolyte drinks, placing alcohol in the belly button, giving water, giving Nyquil, and keeping the child in the house. No participants indicated the use of a curandero, placing mud on the body, or the use of azarcón. Thirty-six percent of the mothers reported using home remedies more due to lack of money or insurance. Forty three percent of the mothers used remedies obtained from Mexico. While many mothers in the survey utilized accepted Western practices, 96% of the mothers used alternative practices unique to the culture. After reviewing the study findings, the researcher encourages health care givers to practice culturally sensitive care and promotes increased awareness of teaching opportunities for Mexican American mothers about the safe and potentially unsafe practices of treating fever