Yemek kursuna katılın yemeğe ruhunuzu katın

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 112-Lokantalarİstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı (TR10/14/YEN/0033) İstanbul Development Agency (TR10/14/YEN/0033

Markiz'de alışveriş gece yarısına kadar sürüyor

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 112-Lokantalarİstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı (TR10/14/YEN/0033) İstanbul Development Agency (TR10/14/YEN/0033

UV stabilisation of poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Previously held under moratorium from 24 November 2016 until 24 November 2021The aim of this project was to design novel polymerisable UV absorbers which successfully protect PET from UV degradation for a longer duration of time compared to non-polymerisable UV stabilising additives. The polymerisable UV stabilisers for PET were synthesised using cyanuric chloride as a synthetic starting point. A number of synthetic monomers were prepared based upon one of the most effective UV stabilising additives employed currently in the polymer industry, Tinuvin 1577. UV absorbing monomers (UVAMs) with chromophores different to that of Tinuvin 1577 were synthesised, and many were found to have higher molar absorptivity than Tinuvin 1577. The novel UVAMs were copolymerised with bis(hydroxyethyl)isophthalate to yield copolymers of poly(ethylene isophthalate) (PEI). In certain cases, more than one UVAM was copolymerised into the same PEI chain to obtain a broader UV coverage and to distribute the UVAMs in the middle and end of the polymer chains. Copolymers were purified to remove any unreacted monomers and characterised by UV-VIS spectrophotometry, 1H NMR spectroscopy and DSC to demonstrate and quantify successful incorporation of the UVAMs into the polymers. PET copolymer films containing 3-[4-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-3- hydroxyphenoxy]-1,2-propanediol (32), 6,6’-(6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diyl)bis(3-(2- hydroxyethoxy)phenol) (37) and both 32 and 37 were weathered alongside a PET control and PET containing Tinuvin 1577 1.10. The films were exposed for 1082 hrs in a QUV weatherometer and analysed periodically using FT-IR spectroscopy and GPC. The results showed that the films containing UVAMs outperformed the films containing Tinuvin 1577, offering greater protection to the polymer films against crosslinking and chain scissions.The aim of this project was to design novel polymerisable UV absorbers which successfully protect PET from UV degradation for a longer duration of time compared to non-polymerisable UV stabilising additives. The polymerisable UV stabilisers for PET were synthesised using cyanuric chloride as a synthetic starting point. A number of synthetic monomers were prepared based upon one of the most effective UV stabilising additives employed currently in the polymer industry, Tinuvin 1577. UV absorbing monomers (UVAMs) with chromophores different to that of Tinuvin 1577 were synthesised, and many were found to have higher molar absorptivity than Tinuvin 1577. The novel UVAMs were copolymerised with bis(hydroxyethyl)isophthalate to yield copolymers of poly(ethylene isophthalate) (PEI). In certain cases, more than one UVAM was copolymerised into the same PEI chain to obtain a broader UV coverage and to distribute the UVAMs in the middle and end of the polymer chains. Copolymers were purified to remove any unreacted monomers and characterised by UV-VIS spectrophotometry, 1H NMR spectroscopy and DSC to demonstrate and quantify successful incorporation of the UVAMs into the polymers. PET copolymer films containing 3-[4-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-3- hydroxyphenoxy]-1,2-propanediol (32), 6,6’-(6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diyl)bis(3-(2- hydroxyethoxy)phenol) (37) and both 32 and 37 were weathered alongside a PET control and PET containing Tinuvin 1577 1.10. The films were exposed for 1082 hrs in a QUV weatherometer and analysed periodically using FT-IR spectroscopy and GPC. The results showed that the films containing UVAMs outperformed the films containing Tinuvin 1577, offering greater protection to the polymer films against crosslinking and chain scissions

Confining Concrete Columns with FRP Materials

Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP) as a kind of composite materials have became widespread in the strengthening of reinforced concrete structures as an alternative way of traditional strengthening methods. Usage of such polymers as an important application of composites for strengthening has rapidly increased in recent years. Confinement of concrete as a type of inelastic, non-homogenous, non-linear and brittle material has considerable advantages in strengthening with externally bonded by FRP. The lightweight and high strength capacity of FRP sheets and strips which may eliminate the low tension capacity and brittle behavior of concrete sections gain considerable increase in construction industry. In this study codes for strengthening concrete columns investigated to discuss the confinement effect of concrete by FRP material including the mechanical properties

The quest for identity and belonging: an ethnographic account of Georgian Turkish associations

This research explores the role of Georgian-Turkish associations in the formation of identity amongst citizens of Georgian descent in Turkey. It focuses on identity construction at the local, national and transnational levels and in the context of both the homeland (Turkey) and the ancestral homeland (Georgia). The thesis adopts an inductive, ethnographic approach to data collection and analysis, and was carried out with two associations in Istanbul. The first empirical chapter accounts for the broader context in which the associations were created, with a special emphasis on the role of the Turkish state and citizens’ concerns about being considered ‘separatist’ (at a time when possible state repressions remain a real threat). The following three empirical chapters address the associations’ focus on particular ‘cultural’ activities in both Turkey and Georgia, showing how such activities serve to reinforce different dimensions of identities among Turkish citizens of Georgian ethnic descent. The study contributes to the literature on ethnic associations and identity formation in two ways. Firstly, the study proposes that political and cultural factors external to the associations significantly shape the nature of the associations themselves and the way they influence identity formation processes. Secondly, the thesis shows that associations play an important role in the construction of identity and that different associations foster different types of identities depending on the background, educational levels, kinship structure and type of ‘cultural’ activities encouraged by the associations’ elites, as well as the nature of members’ engagement with the country of settlement and the country of origin

Relationship between college major choice and labor market outcomes in Turkey

This study aims to investigate how major specific quota and labor market outcomes are associated with the college major choice of students, reflected by average rankings. We use a large scale nationwide data from Student Selection and Placement Centre (OSYM) which contains information on all the students in Turkey who are placed into an undergraduate program and data from Household Labor Force Statistics conducted by Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK). Results from both national and regional analysis show that an increase in the major specific quota, real wage and employment probability is associated with an increase in the ranking of that major, which can be interpreted as an increase in demand, while an increase in major specific unemployment rate is associated with a decrease in ranking. National labor market outcomes are found to be more effective than the regional labor market outcomes on the major choice of the students. We find that students respond relatively more to unemployment rate information on their major choice than wages and employment probability. Our findings also suggest that unfavorable macroeconomic conditions lead to lower rankings, while university programs in more developed regions and the majors with a high share of English Medium Instruction (EMI) display higher rankings

Extrasynaptic Glutamate Spillover in the Hippocampus: Dependence on Temperature and the Role of Active Glutamate Uptake

AbstractAt excitatory synapses on CA1 pyramidal cells of the hippocampus, a larger quantal content is sensed by N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptors (NMDARs) than by α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs). A novel explanation for this discrepancy is that glutamate released from terminals presynaptic to one cell can diffuse to and activate NMDARs, but not AMPARs, on a neighboring cell. If this occurs in the living brain, it could invalidate the view that glutamatergic synapses function as private communication channels between neurons. Here, we show that the discrepancy in quantal content mediated by the two receptors is greatly decreased at physiological temperature, compared with conventional recording conditions. This effect of temperature is not due to changes in release probability or uncovering of latent AMPARs. It is, however, partially reversed by the glutamate uptake inhibitor dihydrokainate. The results suggest that glutamate transporters play a critical role in limiting the extrasynaptic diffusion of glutamate, thereby minimizing cross-talk between neighboring excitatory synapses

Learning by exporting and heterogeneity in post-entry effects

We examine the relationship between export entry and productivity of Turkish manufacturing firms using a rich longitudinal micro dataset of Turkish manufacturing firms in the period between 2006 and 2015. To alleviate the selection bias problem, we employ propensity score reweighting and propensity score matching methods. Another goal of this study is to investigate whether some characteristics, namely firm age, import status, import intensity, export intensity and export destinations by income level, lead to heterogeneity in treatment effects. Our main findings can be listed as follows: i) Both selfselection and learning by exporting hypotheses are verified; ii) Increasing export intensity leads to additional productivity gains for export starters; iii) There is some evidence indicating that starter firms that export to both high income and low income destinations experience larger productivity gains; iv) No noteworthy evidence is found regarding impact of import status, import intensity and age on the treatment effect