Radiated emissions and experimental precautions of equipment with cables in GTEM cells

Any electric or electronic equipment sold within the European Union has to comply with the EC Directive on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC). To achieve compliance, the equipment must be tested for radiated/conducted emissions and immunity. A wide range of national and international testing methods and standards are in force such as the IEC 61000-40-20. However, standards in general lack of describing testing methods for equipment with cables. Since most devices and systems contain leads and cables; the current standards cannot be directly employed. In an effort to approach this crucial matter, we present the outcomes of measurements conducted on an EUT (metal box) with different cable bundle configurations, in conjunction with both, the correlation algorithm given in the standards and the repeatability concerns between different GTEM cell

Enhancing Effeciency of Ejection Fraction Calculation in the Left Ventricle

The calculation of the cardiac ejection fraction is important for determining whether or not a patient suffers from cardiovascular disease. However, manual calculation of the ejection fraction (EF) is prone to errors and is known to be prohibitively time-consuming. As such, there have been endeavors to automate this process for the sake of saving time as well as improving accuracy of estimation. Recently,GPUhave been proposed to enhance the performance of machine learning algorithms that attempt to estimate the EF. In addition, these algorithms are considered a necessary component in solving computational efficiency issuesencountered in dealing with hugeDigital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM)datasets. In this study, we useda DICOM dataset of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for 1200 human cases with different ages and gender to calculate the ejection fraction in the left ventricle.Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) was the selected neural network for the training phase of segmenting the LV and volume calculation. Our target is enhancing efficiencyof CNN to speedup training phase, and subsequently the prediction of the CVDs by experimenting with different GPU-based parallelism techniques, namely Data Parallelism (DP)and Model Parallelism (MP) in addition to the generic use of multiple GPUs. Specifically, we performed four variants of experiments; the first was using GPUs without applying any control on its behavior, the second two variants involve experiments using either DP alone or MP alone on multiple GPUs, while the fourth and final variant involves combining both DP and MP. This was done on Amazon EC2 instances that support up to 8 GPUs per instance. We used two EC2 instances to apply our experiment on 16 GPUs. Our experiments show that our proposed combination of both DP and MP havethe bestcomputational efficiency. Precisely, a speedup of up to 9.88 (over a single GPU) was achieved when using 16 GPUs in parallel with combined DP and MP

A Smart “Cairo” in the Making: A Strategic Approach towards a Better Quality of Life

Smart Cities is a term used to describe a development based on information and communication technologies. ‘A Smart Community is a community that has made a conscious effort to use information technology to transform life and work within its region in significant and fundamental, rather than incremental ways. In the last two decades, the Smart Cities movement, spearheaded by software and hardware companies has injected advanced technology into the mix. European, Far Eastern and American initiatives are witnessed to implant infrastructures and develop communities that cope with and verify the concept. It is believed that “Smart city” as a concept has been introduced as a strategic method to encompass modern urban production factors in a common framework and to highlight the growing importance of Information and Communication Technologies, social and environmental capital in profiling the competitiveness of cities. The significance of these two later assets - social and environmental capital - itself goes a long way to distinguish smart cities from their more technology-laden counterparts, drawing a clear line between them and what goes under the name of either digital or intelligent cities. In Egypt, it seems almost impossible to adopt such a concept due to the multi-layered and multifaceted urban and sociocultural problems altogether. A closer look at our capital Cairo and its over-population, over-densification, deteriorated urbanism and pollution brings a doubt about the possibility that it can ever be listed as a “smart city”. The answer was an attempt to create independent self-sufficient cities and compounds as a prologue to embedding smart infrastructure and to develop smart social and environmental communities. For that, several fully-fledged communities, creating comprehensive integrated residential schemes within the New Cairo plan were launched. One of those was El-Rehab city, covering an area of 10 million m2 to accommodate 200,000 residents. The city has its own transportation system and infra structures, as well as its own facilities including educational, medical, commercial, sports club, recreational and maintenance facilities. After its success, “Madinaty” was ten times a larger city. With international standards, intended to act as a modern extension to New Cairo. Pivoted on the existence of educational institutions, the city includes hospitals, business centers, hotels, sports and social clubs, household services, and entertainment facilities, which meet the day-to-day needs of its inhabitants. The city has several innovative and unique services on its fringes, which caters to the needs of nearby towns and even to the needs of the inhabitants of Greater Cairo. These services include: water sports areas, shopping centers, and varied educational institutions. Can those cities be considered „smart“? Are they really planned smart? What features of smartness do they posses? How do their residents perceive them? Can they put Cairo on the list of smart cities by hook or by crook? Do they pave the way ahead of planning smart cities in Egypt? What, then are the criteria of Egyptian smart cities to be? The paper at hand aims at answering those questions. It examines the concept within the Egyptian context with the aim of debating its validity and the liability of its application of its underlying implications in the developing countries. The objective is to propose local vision of smart cities in Egypt. The methodology is based on reviewing the concept of smart city and its various applications. Then an evaluation of the experiment of “Madinaty” city will be undertaken in lights of the elected dominant principles of the concept. It is expected that the discussion of the findings will set new norms on how to “plan it smart” in Egypt

I Am My City: Rethinking Cairo As A Contented City

Cairo: the urban legend, is one of the most ancient, colourful, multifaceted of cities. Seat of pharaohs, sultans and kings, prize of conquerors from Alexander to Saladin to Napoleon, "the city Victorious" has never stopped reinventing herself. The very nature of Cairo has ever reflected polycentric ensembles of urbanism that belonged to different user group, with different perspectives, conceptions and aspirations towards their city life. Sorrowfully over the past few decades, the city has lost most of its acquired identities for reasons beyond the scope of this paper. It is argued that the city has undergone, and still undergoing- a process of expansion and extension for its physical measures on the expenses of its societal, heritage and cultural identity to the extent that is considered as “a city out of control”. Where is Cairo going? Who defines its directions? Whose visions does it follow? Is planning still possible for contemporary Cairo? Can the quality of life be improved by improving the city’s resilience? With Egyptian history instantly being rewritten, I am dreaming of a Cairo reborn. Hence, imaging the future of Cairo for any planning, design or governance intention requires understanding and inferring the functional aspects of the socio-cultural patterns in the city. Hence determining the what, why and how of planning and design. This further requires reviewing theoretical conceptualisations and evaluating examples of other cities and regions that are agreed upon as vibrant, resilient, liveable, smart and most importantly: happy. The paper at hand serves as a theoretical approach towards understanding contemporary Cairo identity as a prologue for its urban reform as a vibrant city. My objective is to introduce a model for understanding Cairo through correlating urbanism to its political, economic, legislative, and socio-cultural attributes. Therefor hypothesise visions for its transformation into a vibrant city. The methodology is based on a quick review of the modern urban history of Cairo; identifying its districts types, their local characteristics of user groups, behavioural patterns and physical settings, and then discussing Cairo’s overall contemporary political, economic, legislative, and socio-cultural attributes that altogether designate its overall cultural identity. Based on the works of Stewart-Hakky-Hemdan, Abu-Loghod, Giraud, Raymond, Sims, Singerman, Amar et al, further talk about Cairo argues its actuality as a collective/integrated capital, or interrelated/intertwined entities of substantial districts. Thus identifying its urbanism lacks and shortcomings. Based on the works of Jacobs, Alexander, Lynch, Gosling, Maitland, Wiedenhoeft, Geddes, Low, Patsy, Montgomery and others, theoretical debates then discern contextual definitions and conflicts of “vibrant”, “resilient”, “smart”, “liveable”, “sustainable”and “happy”city concepts. Through an exploratory grounded observation in the various, multi-faceted districts of the city, in addition to a random exploratory investigation with a number of residents, an attempt was to give Cairo an urban description was undergone. Questions are thenceforth evoked about the values, visions and practices explores the possibilities and suitability of approaches that profile a theory towards the transformation of our Cairo Victorious into a liveable, sustainable, smart, and a happy city. Such discussion is also expected to provide insights for planners, designers, decision makers for the betterment of both practice and education fields

Improvement of Mechanical Properties and Electrical Conductivity of 7075 Al Alloy using ECAP Process

The equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) method is used in this work to treat the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy. As the most promising severe plastic deformation (SPD) technique, equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) has received extensive research in recent years. Hardness test, compression test, electrical conductivity, and surface studies were used to look into how an ultra-fine grained (UFG) industrial aluminum alloy that was made by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) for one pass strengthened its mechanical characteristics and electrical conductivity. the product has been annealed for three hours at 4150C, Experimental research is done to determine how aluminum alloy 7075\u27s electrical conductivity and material characteristics are impacted by the rate of severe plastic deformation (SPD) during equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). According to the results, the ECAP will increase compressive strength from 145 to 295.5 N/mm2 at the same strain in 0.016 seconds after one pass, Hardness increases progressively until 295.5 N/mm2 is reached as its highest value, then it gradually decreases. The percentage increase in hardness was 50.9% at a strain rate of 0.016s-1. ECAP method is frequently used to raise the yield strength of the aluminium alloy 7075 by 204 % while simultaneously reducing the rate of strain at a compressive strength of 145 N/mm2 from 0.016 to 0.008s-1. With just one pass, IACS of the alloy as received and after Escaping both showed an improvement in electrical conductivity from 30.8% to 43.5%. , ECAP increases electrical conductivity by 29.2% with a strain rate of 0.016s-1

Etc. The long-lasting defining device: Unravelling the mysteryi

`In its abbreviated form, 'etc.' is a lexicographic device that dates back to the early 15th century. It is used on a large scale in monolingual dictionaries for native  speakers and EFL learners to serve a wide range of linguistic patterns. Unfortunately, there seems to be little research on the way this linguistic unit has been used, despite the fact literature abounds with details about dic-tionary making.This descriptive analytical study reveals the way 'etc.' is used in EFL learner's dictionaries and brings to light some unknown evidence regarding its frequency of occurrence. The bald statis-tics prepared on the use of 'etc.' in the macrostructure and microstructure of a cross-section of four learner's dictionaries show that it has been widely used, but in many cases it seems dispensable. Analysis of a large body of definitions shows that 'etc.' appeared in the definitions of headwords of all word classes and sometimes more than once in many senses of polysemous lexical items in the range of one to five lexemes preceding 'etc.'This widespread use of 'etc.' may place additional pressure on dictionary users in their des-perate attempt to comprehend the definitions. Maybe it is high time that 'etc.' is considered out-worn or obsolete and is replaced with something that lends itself to this age of modern technology, where space is no longer a major concern for dictionary makers.Keywords:Learner's dictionaries, defining techniques, style guides, patterns of 'etc.', 'etc.' in electronic dictionaries, definitions with 'etc.', frequency of occurrence of 'etc.', items before 'etc