Cathodoluminescence of powder layers of nanometer-sized Y2O3:Eu and micrometer-sized ZnO:Zn phosphor particles

Copyright @ The Electrochemical Society, Inc. 2013. All rights reserved. Except as provided under U.S. copyright law, this work may not be reproduced, resold, distributed, or modified without the express permission of The Electrochemical Society (ECS). The archival version of this work was published in The ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology, 2(9), R201 - R207, 2013.We present a simple method to measure the cathodoluminescence of charging and non-charging phosphor powder layers at low primary electron beam energy. The method is based on comparing a non-charging surface of a conducting material such as copper or indium tin oxide with charging surfaces of non-conducting phosphors. The phosphors that were investigated were ZnO:Zn, which is slightly conductive and supposed not to charge upon electron bombardment, and Y2O3:Eu, which charges at sufficiently high current density. It was found that the luminous efficacies of ZnO:Zn and Y2O3:Eu at 5 keV primary beam energy were 23 and 16 lm/w respectively, larger than reported in the literature. This is partly explained by calculating the efficacy from the summation of the luminances measured in the reflected and transmitted mode. This method also minimizes the inaccuracy introduced by the effect of the coating weight. The ratio between luminances measured in reflection and transmission is described in terms of a one-dimensional light scattering theory

Coordination inclusive et comitative dans les langues océaniennes

Les constructions inclusives sont un type de coordination asymétrique entre syntagmes nominaux. Elles sont asymétriques du fait que la référence à l'une des entités conjointes est incluse dans une forme pronominale à référence englobante et obéissant à une hiérarchie des personnes, telle que 'nous deux mon frère' pour « mon frère et moi ». Les constructions inclusives obéissent à diverses contraintes syntaxiques, sémantiques et pragmatiques. Le morphème coordonnant des constructions inclusives syndétiques est le plus souvent un coordonnant comitatif. Il se distingue de l'adjonction comitative par l'accord et la position