Different Types Of Atrophy In The Prostate With And Without Adenocarcinoma

[No abstract available]336863865Billis, A., Magna, L.A., Inflammatory atrophy of the prostate. Prevalence and significance (2003) Arch Pathol Lab Med, 127, pp. 840-844Billis, A., Prostatic atrophy: An autopsy study of a histologic mimic of adenocarcinoma (1998) Mod Pathol, 11, pp. 47-54De Marzo, A.M., Marchi, V.L., Epstein, J.I., Nelson, W.G., Proliferative inflammatory atrophy of the prostate. Implications for prostatic carcinogenesis (1999) Am J Pathol, 155, pp. 1985-1992Anton, R.C., Kattan, M.W., Chakraborty, S., Wheeler, T.M., Postatrophic hyperplasia of the prostate. Lack of association with prostate cancer (1999) Am J Surg Pathol, 23, pp. 932-936Bakshi, N.A., Pandya, S., Schervish, E.W., Wojno, K.J., Morphologic features and clinical significance of post-atrophic hyperplasia in biopsy specimens of prostate (2002) Mod Pathol, 15, pp. 154APostma, R., Schröder, F.H., van der Kwast, T.H., Atrophy in prostate needle biopsy cores and its relationship to prostate cancer incidence in screened men (2005) Urology, 65, pp. 745-749Billis, A., Freitas, L.L., Magna, L.A., Ferreira, U., Inflammatory atrophy on prostate needle biopsies: Is there topographic relationship to cancer? (2007) Int Braz J Urol, 33, pp. 355-363Mikuz, G., Algaba, F., Beltran, A.L., Montironi, R., Prostate carcinoma: Atrophy or not arophy that is the question (2007) Eur Urol, 52, pp. 1293-1296Billis, A., Meirelles, L.R., Magna, L.A., Baracat, J., Prando, A., Ferreira, U., Extent of prostatic atrophy in needle biopsies and serum PSA levels: Is there an association? (2007) Urology, 69, pp. 927-930Billis A: Inflammatory atrophy on prostate needle biopsies: Is there topographic relationship to cancer? (Letter to the Editor) Int Braz J Urol. 200733: 566-

Urothelial Neoplasms In Patients 20 Years Or Younger: A Clinicopathological Analysis Using The World Health Organization 2004 Bladder Consensus Classification: Editorial Comment

[No abstract available]316599600Epstein, J.I., Amin, M.B., Reuter, V.R., Mostofi, F.K., The World Health Organization/International Society of Urological Pathology consensus classification of urothelial (transitional cell) neoplasms of the urinary bladder (1998) Am J Surg Pathol, 22, pp. 1435-144

Follow Up Of High Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia And Atypical Small Acinar Proliferation In A Highly Screened Patient Population.

29172-

The Impact Of Isup 2005 Consensus On Gleason Grading In Contemporary Practice

[No abstract available]342242243Gleason, D.F., Mellinger, G.T., Prediction of prognosis for prostatic adenocarcinoma by combined histological grading and clinical staging (1974) J Urol, 111, pp. 58-64Gleason, D.F., Histologic grading and clinical staging of prostatic carcinoma (1977) Urologic pathology: The prostate, pp. 171-198. , Tannenbaum M ed, Philadelphia, Lea & FebigerGleason, D.F., Histologic grading of prostate cancer: A perspective (1992) Hum Pathol, 23, pp. 273-279Gleason, D.F., Histologic grading of prostatic carcinoma (1990) Pathology of the prostate, pp. 83-93. , Bostwick DG ed, New York, Churchill LivingstoneEpstein, J.I., Allsbrook Jr, W.C., Amin, M.B., Egevad, L.L., ISUP Grading Committee (2005) The 2005 International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) Consensus Conference on Gleason Grading of Prostatic Carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol, 29, pp. 1228-1242Guimaraes MS, Billis A, Quintal MM, Magna LA, Ferreira U: The impact of the 2005 International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) consensus conference on standard Gleason grading of prostatic carcinoma. Mod Pathol. 200619(suppl.1): abstract 139

Small Cell Carcinoma Of The Prostate. A Morphologic And Immunohistochemical Study Of 95 Cases

[No abstract available]341107108Mackey, J.R., Au, H.J., Hugh, J., Venner, P., Genitourinary small cell carcinoma: Determination of clinical and therapeutic factors associated with survival (1998) J Urol, 159, pp. 1624-1629Yao, J.L., Madeb, R., Bourne, P., Lei, J., Yang, X., Tickoo, S., Small cell carcinoma of the prostate: An immunohistochemical study (2006) Am J Surg Pathol, 30, pp. 705-712Amato, R.J., Logothetis, C.J., Hallinan, R., Ro, J.Y., Sella, A., Dexeus, F.H., Chemotherapy for small cell carcinoma of prostatic origin (1992) J Urol, 147, pp. 935-937Rubenstein, J.H., Katin, M.J., Mangano, M.M., Dauphin, J., Salenius, S.A., Dosoretz, D.E., Small cell anaplastic carcinoma of the prostate: Seven new cases, review of the literature, and discussion of a therapeutic strategy (1997) Am J Clin Oncol, 20, pp. 376-38

Positive-block Ratio In Radical Prostatectomy Specimens Is An Independent Predictor Of Prostate-specific Antigen Recurrence

[No abstract available]333440441Epstein, J.I., Pathologic assessment of the surgical specimen (2001) Urol Clin North Amer, 28, pp. 567-594Bostwick, D.G., Montironi, R., Evaluating radical prostatectomy specimens: Therapeutic and prognostic importance (1997) Virchow Arch, 430, pp. 1-16Cantrell, B.B., DeKlerk, D.P., Eggleston, J.C., Boitnott, J.K., Walsh, P.C., Pathologic factors that influence prognosis in stage A prostatic cancer: The influence of extent versus grade (1981) J Urol, 125, pp. 516-520Humphrey, P.A., Vollmer, R.T., Percentage carcinoma as a measure of prostatic tumor size in radical prostatectomy tissues (1997) Mod Pathol, 10, pp. 326-333Renshaw, A.A., Chang, H., DÁmico, A.V., Estimation of tumor volume in radical prostatectomy specimens in routine clinical practice (1997) Am J Clin Pathol, 107, pp. 704-708Humphrey, P.A., Vollmer, R.T., Intraglandular tumor extent and prognosis in prostatic carcinoma: Application of a grid method to prostatectomy specimens (1990) Hum Pathol, 21, pp. 799-804Carvalhal, G.F., Humphrey, P.A., Thorson, P., Yan, Y., Ramos, C.G., Catalona, W.J., Visual estimate of the percentage of carcinoma is an independent predictor of prostate carcinoma recurrence after radical prostatectomy (2000) Cancer, 89, pp. 1308-1314Billis, A., Magna, L.A., Ferreira, U., Correlation between tumor extent in radical prostatectomies and preoperative PSA, histological grade, surgical margins, and extraprostatic extension: Application of a new practical method for tumor extent evaluation (2003) Int Braz J Urol, 29, pp. 113-119Epstein, J.I., Carmichael, M., Partin, A.W., Walsh, P.C., Is tumor volume an independent predictor of progression following radical prostatectomy? A multivariate analysis of 185 clinical stage B adenocarcinoma of the prostate with 5 years of follo-up (1993) J Urol, 149, pp. 1478-148

The limits of discretion in the investigation and prosecution of war crimes at the international level: The Mavi Marmara saga

The article deals with the basic criteria involved in the selection of situations to be investigated and cases to be prosecuted before the International Criminal Court. These are examined in light of the goals of international criminal justice and the structural and evidentiary difficulties encountered by judicial mechanisms of international mission and composition. The analysis focuses on the limits of prosecutorial discretion at the level of international criminal justice. The Mavi Marmaraship incident is used hereto as a key point of reference

Effects of the protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor, herbimycin A, on prolactin gene expression in GH3 and 235-1 pituitary tumor cells

AbstractThe high basal level of prolactin (PRL) gene expression in rat pituitary GH3 cells is maintained through the spontaneous activity of voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCCs). This can be observed experimentally by addition of 0.5 mM CaCl2 to GH3 cells cultured in a low calcium, serum-free medium. CaCl2 specifically induces PRL gene expression and this induction is inhibited by VSCC blockers. PRL gene expression is also stimulated by several hormones and growth factors. In the present study, we examined the effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitors on the ability of CaCl2, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and thryrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) to increase PRL mRNA levels. Of several PTK inhibitors used, one PTK inhibitor, herbimycin A, specifically inhibited the CaCl2-induced increase in cytoplasmic and nuclear prolactin (PRL) mRNA without affecting cell viability, cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion, or the expression of several other genes. The effects of herbimycin A were reversible. In cells pretreated with herbimycin A, PRL mRNA levels were reduced by 69±12% (P<0.001; n=4).Western blot analysis using anti-phosphotyrosine antibody revealed a decrease of 91±1% (P<0.001; n=4) in the phosphotyrosine content of proteins in the molecular weight range of 130–160 kDa. After changing the medium back to SFM plus 0.5 mM CaCl2, levels of PRL mRNA increased over a period of several hours, and this increase was accompanied by the tyrosine phosphorylation of two or more proteins in the approximate size range of 130–160 kDa. Herbimycin A also inhibited PRL gene expression in the independently-derived 235-1 lactotrope cell line and lowered the tyrosine specific phosphorylation of protein(s) in a similar size range. Herbimycin A inhibited the ability of bFGF, EGF and TRH to stimulate PRL gene expression in GH3 cells. Again, in cells pretreated with herbimycin A, bFGF induced a reappearance of tyrosine-specific phosphorylation, followed by a reappearance of PRL mRNA. These findings provide evidence for a role for at least one PTK which is necessary for basal and stimulated PRL gene expression

Correlation Between Tumor Extent In Radical Prostatectomies And Preoperative Psa, Histological Grade, Surgical Margins, And Extraprostatic Extension: Application Of A New Practical Method For Tumor Extent Evaluation.

To evaluate a new method designed for estimating the tumor extent in radical prostatectomy specimens. The tumor extent was correlated to preoperative PSA and to several pathologic findings in the surgical specimens as well. Tumor extent was estimated in 118 consecutive radical prostatectomies through a simple point-count method. Drawn on a sheet of paper, each quadrant of the whole mount sections contained 8 equidistant points. During the microscopic slides examination, the tumor area was drawn over the correspondent quadrant of the paper sheet. According to the extent, tumors were classified in 5 groups: 1) very limited: </= 10 positive points; 2) limited: 11-19 positive points; 3) moderately extensive: 20-35 positive points; 4) extensive: 36-39 positive points; 5) very extensive: 70 positive points. This classification was based on a previous analysis of tumor extent in 109 radical prostatectomies. The distribution was quite normal up to 69 positive points, but asymmetric above that number, including cases exceeding far above that value. We considered the quartiles of the normal distribution up to 69 positive points (groups 1 to 4), and above that value a fifth group was considered. There was a statistically significant and direct correlation between the tumor extent and all variables studied: preoperative PSA (p = 0.03), Gleason score (p < 0.0001), primary grade in high-grade tumors (p < 0.01), surgical margins (p < 0.0001), extraprostatic extension (pT3a) (p < 0.0001), and seminal vesicle invasion (pT3b) (p = 0.01). The method, which is simple and well correlated to other prognostic factors, is accessible to those pathologists working in routine pathology laboratories. Whether this method will be used by other urology centers is yet to be seen.29113-9; discussion 12