Natures and wars : neoliberal discourse and the contested future of east Kentucky.

Coal mining has been Appalachian Kentucky’s keystone industry for over a century. However, in 2012 and 2013 coal production plummeted, driving industry employment to historic lows. In the wake of production declines, the coal lobby attests that President Obama is waging a “war on coal.” Drawing primarily from ethnographic data, this research offers a holistic and critical examination of the recent decline in coal production and concomitant narratives that have emerged in the wake of socio-economic uncertainty. I argue that “war on coal” discourses, informed by neoliberal philosophies, seek to conflate the region’s mining heritage with the coal industry’s desire to stay competitive in the market. Those who construct and promote war on coal narratives suggest that reducing regulations and taxes for the coal industry will lift the region from poverty. However, findings from this project demonstrate that unbridled extraction have exacerbated, not reduced, poverty in Appalachian Kentucky. Additionally, anti-regulatory practices have exposed the region to greater risks related to mining

Off-plane motion of an oblate capsule in a simple shear flow

This paper was presented at the 4th Micro and Nano Flows Conference (MNF2014), which was held at University College, London, UK. The conference was organised by Brunel University and supported by the Italian Union of Thermofluiddynamics, IPEM, the Process Intensification Network, the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, the Heat Transfer Society, HEXAG - the Heat Exchange Action Group, and the Energy Institute, ASME Press, LCN London Centre for Nanotechnology, UCL University College London, UCL Engineering, the International NanoScience Community, www.nanopaprika.eu.We investigate the mechanical equilibrium state of an oblate capsule when its revolution axis is initially off the shear plane. We consider an oblate capsule with an aspect ratio of 0.5 and a strain-hardening membrane. The three-dimensional fluid-structure interaction problem is solved numerically by coupling a finite element method with a boundary integral method. The capsule converges towards the same mechanical equilibrium state whatever the initial orientation. This equilibrium depends on the capillary number Ca, which compares the viscous to the elastic forces and on the viscosity ratio between the internal and external fluids. For = 1, the tumbling and swinging motions, observed when the revolution axis is initially in the shear plane, are mechanically stable until Ca 1; when Ca is further increased, the capsule assumes the rolling motion that is observed when its revolution axis is initially aligned with the vorticity axis. When is increased, the tumbling-to-swinging transition appears for higher Ca and the swinging-to-rolling transition for lower Ca. For 5, the swinging regime completely disappears: depending on Ca, it is then either the tumbling or the rolling motion that is the mechanical equilibrium state

Wrinkling of microcapsules in shear flow

Elastic capsules can exhibit short wavelength wrinkling in external shear flow. We analyse this instability of the capsule shape and use the length scale separation between the capsule radius and the wrinkling wavelength to derive analytical results both for the threshold value of the shear rate and for the critical wave-length of the wrinkling. These results can be used to deduce elastic parameters from experiments.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, submitted to PR

Coupling of boundary integral and finite element methods to model the deformation of a microcapsule in flow

We introduce a novel method to study the fluid-structure interaction between a microcapsule and an external flow. A finite element method (for the membrane) is coupled with a boundary integral method (for the internal and external flows) to model the large deformation of the capsule. We find good agreement with previous results obtained with a solid solver based on the local equilibrium of the membrane

Der Einfluss glutamaterger Regulationsstörungen auf den Membranlipid- und Energiemetabolismus bei schizophrener Erstmanifestation: eine kombinierte Untersuchung mittels 31P-/1H-MR Spektroskopie bei 3 Tesla

In der vorliegenden Studie wurde erstmals in einer Population schizophrener Patienten sowohl die 31Phosphor-Magnetresonanz-Spektroskopie (31P-MRS) als auch die 1Proton-Magnetresonanz-Spektroskopie (1H-MRS) angewendet. Die 31P-MRS dient der lokalen Bestimmung von Metaboliten des Phospholipid- und Energiestoffwechsels und erlaubt so Aussagen bezüglich membranbezogener Auf- und Abbauprozesse, aber auch Einblicke in den Energiehaushalt der grauen und weißen Substanz. Zusätzlich gibt die 1H-MRS Aufschluss über die Verteilung des Neurotransmitters Glutamat (Glu). Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, bei Patienten mit unbehandelter schizophrener Erstmanifestation, Zusammenhänge zwischen einer veränderten glutamatergen Funktion und den vielfach vorbeschriebenen strukturmetabolischen Abweichungen im Gehirn, zu finden

Capsule motion in flow: Deformation and membrane buckling

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