1,984 research outputs found
Diallel analysis of varying late season night temperatures on the development of a range of fluecured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum l.) genotypes : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masterate of Agricultural Science in Plant Science at Massey University
Pg 62 not in original - misnumberedA study was conducted in the climate room facilities, at D.S.I.R. Plant Physiology Division, Palmerston North, on the effect of varying late season night temperatures on the development of a range of flue-cured tobacco genotypes. The study involved imposing three night temperatures, 10°C, 15°C and 20°C, when the plants came into flower. Ten F1 genotypes of a five parent diallel cross (no parents, no reciprocals) were grown at each night temperature with three replications per temperature. Fourteen morphological, physical and chemical characters were measured. The effect of late season night temperature was negligible but there was some evidence of genotype environment interaction for some of the characters. The experiment was conducted using single plants as plots and the statistical analysis showed acceptable coefficients of variation for biological studies. The genetic analysis of the diallel showed that general combining ability variance is the most important type of genetic variance in the characters examined. This agrees with the majority of other tobacco diallel studies. As general combining ability variance is largely a measure of additive genetic variance, breeding homozygous lines from a heterozygous base population should be the best approach to follow. Heritability values were of sufficient size for several of the commercially important characters to indicate that improvement through selection was possible. General combining ability and phenotypic simple correlations between pairs of characters were generally in good agreement, demonstrating that phenotypic selection will result in altering the genotypes in the desired direction for the characters in question. The experiment showed a large negative correlation between the two economically important characters, yield and total nicotine alkaloids. This result is in agreement with similar studies carried out by other workers in this field. The experiment revealed a number of improvements which could be useful in the conduct of future tobacco climate room studies
Becoming a three tikanga church : the Bi-cultural Commission on the Revision of the Constitution 1986-1992 : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History at Massey University
Text in Maori from pages 136 onwardsIn 1984 the General Synod of the Church of the Province of New Zealand established a Bi-cultural Commission on the Treaty of Waitangi. The Commission was required to study the Treaty and consider whether any principles of partnership and bi-cultural development were implied, and if so, how those principles could be embodied in the life of the Church. The Commission of three Maori and three Pakeha members consulted widely throughout the Church in both Maori and Pakeha settings, reporting back to General Synod in 1986 with 18 recommendations covering a wide range of issues, including land and the Maori language. The most significant of the recommendations established a further Bi-cultural Commission to revise the Church's constitution. The Commission's task was to be the revision of the constitution to ensure: that the preamble reflected the growth of the Church in New Zealand from 1814 to the present day; that the principles of partnership and bi-cultural development were expressed and entrenched; that the provisions of the Church of England Empowering Act 1928 were incorporated; and that Te Pihopa o Aotearoa and Te Runanga o Te Pihopatanga o Aotearoa had equal status with Diocesan Bishops and Synods. The Commission was, 'to have regard to the Report and Recommendations of the Bi-cultural Commission on the Treaty of Waitangi; and in particular to consider the Commission's response to the submission from Te Runanga [o Te Pihopatanga].'
1
Bi-cultural Commission of the Anglican Church on the Treaty of Waitangi, Report of the Bi-Cultural Commission of the Anglican Church on the Treaty of Waitangi, te Kaupapa Tikanga Rua. [Christchurch]: Provincial Secretary of the Church of the Province of New Zealand,1986, p.26. Crucial factors in the development of the constitution were the Commission on the Treaty of Waitangi's definition of the terms partnership and bi-cultural development, and the structural model proposed to the Commission by Te Runanga o Te Pihopatanga
Efficient Optimization of Loops and Limits with Randomized Telescoping Sums
We consider optimization problems in which the objective requires an inner
loop with many steps or is the limit of a sequence of increasingly costly
approximations. Meta-learning, training recurrent neural networks, and
optimization of the solutions to differential equations are all examples of
optimization problems with this character. In such problems, it can be
expensive to compute the objective function value and its gradient, but
truncating the loop or using less accurate approximations can induce biases
that damage the overall solution. We propose randomized telescope (RT) gradient
estimators, which represent the objective as the sum of a telescoping series
and sample linear combinations of terms to provide cheap unbiased gradient
estimates. We identify conditions under which RT estimators achieve
optimization convergence rates independent of the length of the loop or the
required accuracy of the approximation. We also derive a method for tuning RT
estimators online to maximize a lower bound on the expected decrease in loss
per unit of computation. We evaluate our adaptive RT estimators on a range of
applications including meta-optimization of learning rates, variational
inference of ODE parameters, and training an LSTM to model long sequences
Thinplate Splines on the Sphere
In this paper we give explicit closed forms for the semi-reproducing kernels
associated with thinplate spline interpolation on the sphere. Polyharmonic or
thinplate splines for were introduced by Duchon and have become
a widely used tool in myriad applications. The analogues for are the thin plate splines for the sphere. The topic was first
discussed by Wahba in the early 1980's, for the case. Wahba
presented the associated semi-reproducing kernels as infinite series. These
semi-reproducing kernels play a central role in expressions for the solution of
the associated spline interpolation and smoothing problems. The main aims of
the current paper are to give a recurrence for the semi-reproducing kernels,
and also to use the recurrence to obtain explicit closed form expressions for
many of these kernels. The closed form expressions will in many cases be
significantly faster to evaluate than the series expansions. This will enhance
the practicality of using these thinplate splines for the sphere in
computations
One-Step Recurrences for Stationary Random Fields on the Sphere
Recurrences for positive definite functions in terms of the space dimension
have been used in several fields of applications. Such recurrences typically
relate to properties of the system of special functions characterizing the
geometry of the underlying space. In the case of the sphere the (strict) positive definiteness of the zonal function
is determined by the signs of the coefficients in the
expansion of in terms of the Gegenbauer polynomials , with
. Recent results show that classical differentiation and
integration applied to have positive definiteness preserving properties in
this context. However, in these results the space dimension changes in steps of
two. This paper develops operators for zonal functions on the sphere which
preserve (strict) positive definiteness while moving up and down in the ladder
of dimensions by steps of one. These fractional operators are constructed to
act appropriately on the Gegenbauer polynomials
- …