Numerical analysis of shells. Volume 2 - User's manual for ''STARS-2'' - Shell Theory Automated for Rotational Structures-2, digital computer program

Imput information for application of Shell Theory Automated for Rotational Structures, /STARS 2/ digital computer program - Vol.

Numerical analysis of shells. Volume 3 - Engineer's program manual for ''STARS-2'' - Shell Theory Automated for Rotational Structures-2, digital computer program

Manual of engineering programming information for Shell Theory Automated for Rotational Structures /STARS 2/ - Vol.

Retinoic Acid promotes a totipotent-like stem cell through Zscan4 epigenetic activation

In culture, embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are a heterogeneous population that includes several cell intermediates with different degrees of potency. In particular, the subpopulation marked by Zscan4 expression, resembling molecular and epigenetic two-cell stage preimplantation signature, results enhanced after RA-treatment. We detected the epigenetic mechanisms involved in Zscan4 activation RA-dependent. We identified the minimal Zscan4 promoter region responsive to epigenetic stimuli, such as AZA and TSA, using transgenic ESCs stably transfected with different deletions of the Zscan4 promoter regions and their specific mutation. Thus, we identified a minimal promoter region responsive to epigenetics stimuli, demonstrating that Zscan4 activation is related to the histone acetylation status and DNA demethylation. This Zscan4 promoter region, at -300 bp to TSS, contains binding motifs for the DUX and TBX transcription factors and three specific CpG sites responsible for Zscan4 RA-activation. The next step will be identifying the proteins that bind and regulate the Zscan4 activation RA-induced by using a dCAS9 system, followed by a Mass Spec analysis

Quantitative phospho-proteomics reveals the Plasmodium merozoite triggers pre-invasion host kinase modification of the red cell cytoskeleton

The invasive blood-stage malaria parasite - the merozoite - induces rapid morphological changes to the target erythrocyte during entry. However, evidence for active molecular changes in the host cell that accompany merozoite invasion is lacking. Here, we use invasion inhibition assays, erythrocyte resealing and high-definition imaging to explore red cell responses during invasion. We show that although merozoite entry does not involve erythrocyte actin reorganisation, it does require ATP to complete the process. Towards dissecting the ATP requirement, we present an in depth quantitative phospho-proteomic analysis of the erythrocyte during each stage of invasion. Specifically, we demonstrate extensive increased phosphorylation of erythrocyte proteins on merozoite attachment, including modification of the cytoskeletal proteins beta-spectrin and PIEZO1. The association with merozoite contact but not active entry demonstrates that parasite-dependent phosphorylation is mediated by host-cell kinase activity. This provides the first evidence that the erythrocyte is stimulated to respond to early invasion events through molecular changes in its membrane architecture