Comparison of Various Peak To Average Power Reduction Techniques

In this paper we study various peak to average power reduction techniques and find the advantages and disadvantages of these techniques.The main disadvantage is high PAPR in transmission for high-speed transmission due to its spectrum efficiency and channel robustness. OFDM signals are mostly responsible for the problem of PAPR Keywords: High power amplifier (HPA), peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR

SECURING USER INTERACTION CHANNELS ON MOBILE PLATFORM USING ARM TRUSTZONE

Smartphones have become an essential part of our lives, and are used daily forimportant tasks like banking, shopping, and making phone calls. Smartphones provide several interaction channels which can be affected by a compromised mobile OS. This dissertation focuses on the user interaction channels of UI input and audio I/O. The security of the software running on smartphones has become more critical because of widespread smartphone usage. A technology called TEE (Trusted Execution Environment) has been introduced to help protect users in the event of OS compromise, with the most commonly deployed TEE on mobile devices being ARM TrustZone. This dissertation utilizes ARM TrustZone to provide secure design for user interactionchannels of UI input (called Truz-UI) and Audio I/O for VoIP calls (called Truz-Call). The primary goal is to ensure that the design is transparent to mobile applications. During research based on TEE, one of the important challenges that is encountered is the ability to prototype a secure design. In TEE research one often needs to interface hardware peripherals with the TEE OS, which can be challenging for non-hardware experts, depending on the available support from the TEE OS vendor. This dissertation discusses a simulation based approach (called Truz-Sim) that reduces setup time and hardware experience required to build a hardware environment for TEE prototyping

Chetan Bhagat’s 2 States: A Study of Cultural Contradictions

This paper deals with the culture issues in Chetan Bhagat 2 States – the story of my marriage. He is one of the most popular contemporary Indian novelists in Indian English Literature. He has represented young, modern Indian youth and culture. Different characters and incidents portrayed in the novel gives us a vibrant picture about the different culture and tradition prevailing in India. Chetan Bhagat’s novel 2 States focusses on how a particular phenomenon, the notion of love and marriage related to the concept of culture and society with its customs. The novel 2 States deals with the cross-cultural encounters and deals with different experiences. A simple but realistic novel, brilliantly explores the encounter of 2 States, Punjab and Tamil Nadu. 2 States: The Story of My Marriage is partly an autobiographical novel. The story is about a couple, Krish and Ananya, who hail from two different states of India, Punjab and Tamil Nadu respectively, are deeply in love and want to get married. The novelist while talking about marriage also explores the social issues like dowry in traditional marriages and the shifting paradigms of matrimonial alliances in multicultural and multinational societies. Chetan Bhagat also expresses the cultural diversities.

Aravind Adiga’s The White Tiger: A Socio –Political Study of Poverty and Injustice

Aravind Adiga’s Man Booker Prize winning debut novel The White Tiger is sharp, fascinating, attacks poverty and injustice. The White Tiger is a ground breaking Indian novel. Aravind Adiga speaks of suppression and exploitation of various sections of Indian society. Mainly a story of Balram, a young boy’s journey from  rags to riches, Darkness to Light transforming from a village teashop boy into a Bangalore entrepreneur. This paper deals with poverty and injustice. The paper analyses Balram’s capability to overcome the adversities and cruel realities. The pathetic condition of poor people try to make both ends meet. The novel mirrors the lives of  poor in a realistic mode. The White Tiger is a story about a man’s journey for freedom. The protagonist   Balram in this novel is a victim of injustice, inequality and poverty. He worked hard in spite   of his low caste and overcame the social hindrance and become a successful entrepreneur. Through this novel Adiga portrays realistic and painful image of modern India. The novel exposes the anxieties of the oppressed. 

Optimal Drinking Water Distribution System Designing using Network Analysis and Geospatial Technology

- Water distribution systems are complex combination of the water pipes mains valves hydrants service lines and storage facilities This infrastructure is expensive but longlived Because it is largely out of sight distribution infrastructure tends not to be a top priority in the management and financing of water systems But as populations shift and pipes corrode substantial ongoing investments are necessary Water pipe line design of PMC area using geo-spatial technology has been done to provide the drinking water 24 7 at the consumer end By incorporating the GPS location of the overhead tank in ARC GIS 9 3 and the details of the tank such as their pumping capacity date of installation and their distribution pattern in the ward help to make an upgraded information about the existing water distribution The pumps are not running to their full capacity after using new pipes 2 lpcd is achieved increase of running hours of pumps The shortest path analysis has been exercised to find the shortest path between the pump to the consumer tap as well as it will be proved conducive to reduce the cost of the pipin

Atomistic Mechanism of the Nucleation of Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite from Solution

In the ongoing intense quest to increase the photoconversion efficiencies of lead halide perovskites, it has become evident that optimizing the morphology of the material is essential to achieve high peformance. Despite the fact that nucleation plays a key role in controlling the crystal morphology, very little is known about the nucleation and crystal growth processes. Here, we perform metadynamics simulations of nucleation of methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPI) in order to unravel the atomistic details of perovskite crystallization from a $\gamma$-butyrolactone solution. The metadynamics trajectories show that the nucleation process takes place in several stages. Initially, dense amorphous clusters mainly consisting of lead and iodide appear from the homogeneous solution. These clusters evolve into lead iodide (PbI$_{2}$) like structures. Subsequently, methylammonium (MA$^{+}$) ions diffuse into this PbI$_{2}$-like aggregates triggering the transformation into a perovskite crystal through a solid-solid transformation. Demonstrating the crucial role of the monovalent cations in crystallization, our simulations provide key insights into the evolution of the perovskite microstructure which is essential to make high-quality perovskite based solar cells and optoelectronics

Application of Fuzzy Logic on Image Edge Detection

In this paper a novel method for an application of digital image processing, Edge Detection is developed. The contemporary Fuzzy logic, a key concept of artificial intelligence helps to implement the fuzzy relative pixel value algorithms and helps to find and highlight all the edges associated with an image by checking the relative pixel values and thus provides an algorithm to abridge the concepts of digital image processing and artificial intelligence. Exhaustive scanning of an image using the windowing technique takes place which is subjected to a set of fuzzy conditions for the comparison of pixel values with adjacent pixels to check the pixel magnitude gradient in the window. After the testing of fuzzy conditions the appropriate values are allocated to the pixels in the window under testing to provide an image highlighted with all the associated edges

The relative effects of comparative and noncomparative advertising on evaluation processes.

Advertisers are increasingly using comparative advertising to influence product/brand evaluations. Broadly defined, a company is said to be using comparative advertising when the sponsoring brand makes implicit or explicit comparisons with some other identified or unidentified brand at the attribute(s) or overall level. Empirical research examining the process through which comparative advertising impacts brand evaluations is not well understood. The purpose of this research is to examine the process through which comparative advertising influences evaluations. Several social psychology theories such as the cognitive response approach, attribution theory and the elaboration likelihood model of persuasion are considered to develop the research hypotheses. The primary hypothesis advanced was that comparative advertising has a significantly more favorable influence on attribute importance, brand evaluations, confidence in brand evaluations and behavioral intentions than noncomparative advertising. Additionally, the mediating effects of cognitive responses generated as a result of message exposure were also considered. The study was conducted in a laboratory setting using university employees as subjects. A 2 x 2 x 3 full factorial design was used. The three factors were message type (noncomparative, comparative), message content (evaluative, factual), and message sidedness (one-sided, two-sided unrefuted, two-sided refuted). The investigations were carried out using print medium with the context of bank checking accounts. The results from this study supported the hypothesis that comparative messages are superior to noncomparative messages in terms of their impact on evaluation processes. However, with respect to message content and message sidedness there was limited support