Cohomological consequences of the pattern map

Billey and Braden defined maps on flag manifolds that are the geometric counterpart of permutation patterns. A section of their pattern map is an embedding of the flag manifold of a Levi subgroup into the full flag manifold. We give two expressions for the induced map on cohomology. One is in terms of generators and the other is in terms of the Schubert basis. We show that the coefficients in the second expression are naturally Schubert structure constants and therefore positive. These formulas also hold for K-theory, and generalize known formulas in type A for cohomology and K-theory.Comment: 10 pages, minors typos correcte

United We Stand: How the Election Results Dismiss the Narrative of a Divided #Nigeria

LSE’s Lola Adeyemo looks at the numbers behind the 2015 Nigeria Presidential elections and analyses what it reveals about the Nigerian state. This post is part of our African Elections series

Fishermen cooperatives in the Green Revolution Programme

The aim of this study was to examine areas in which fishermen cooperatives can become involved and then suggest operational guidelines in order to increase fishermen income and also to make the Green Revolution Programme a success through increased production of fish. The paper enumerated different areas in which fishermen cooperatives can participate. These include: thrift and credits, thrift and savings, consumers and building cooperative societies. It is the belief of the author that the expansion of fishermen cooperatives into the areas mentioned in this paper can enable members to process and market their products more economically, buy supplies and equipment in large quantities and obtain lower cost credi

Occurrence of Anisakids nematodes on frozen hake (Merluccius capensis) in Yenagoa market, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

Samples of the frozen hake (Merluccius capensis) were obtained once a week as corresponding to supply in Yenagoa Market Bayelsa State, Nigeria. From every supply of 10 cartons, 10 pieces of hake were examined for the presence of Anisakids nematodes. The incidence was concluded after sampling continuously every week for 8 weeks between September-November 2009. The highest parasite burden (13.2 ~c 2.28) was recorded in the second week and the lowest (8.5~c 2.9) in the 7th week, the highest mean weight of fish sample calculated was 134.80 ~c 19.16 gm in the 4th week and lowest in the 5th week with 118.30 ~c 3.56 g. The mean length was highest (29.10 ~c 1.90cm) in the second week and lowest (26.40 ~c 1.88 cm) in the 7th week. The percentage infection was 96.25% and very alarming since only 3 pieces were not infected as observed from all the samples examined

Nutritional deficiency presiding to disease conditions in cultured fish

It is when fish are confined and fed supplemental feeds that nutritional deficiency symptoms occur. Only complete understanding requirement of cultured organisms will allow the feed manufacturer or culturist to provide adequately for the species under culture. The nutritional deficiencies are reviewed as absolute and non-absolute terms. The review concluded that deficit are interwoven and usually not limited to inadequacy or non inclusion of a certain feed ingredient especially for aquatic animals

The Relationship of Delivery Method, Birth Weight and Race on Infant Mortality

Infant mortality is defined as the number of deaths per 1000 births. The U.S. infant mortality rate in 2014 was reported as 5.8 deaths per 1000 births which is very high compared to other countries such as Japan where the rate 2.1 deaths per 1000 births. The leading causes of infant death are congenital malformations, SIDS, low birthweight, pre-term births and maternal complications. For this project, I will analyze birthweight in addition to other factors related to infant death. My research aims to see how the factors of delivery method, birthweight, and race influence infant mortality to see how it can be reduced and to identify groups that are most vulnerable to experiencing high infant death rates. To evaluate this, I analyzed 2007-2016 U.S. infant mortality data from the CDC and created bar charts relating race, birthweight, and delivery method to the death rate. Also, I ran ANOVAs to find significant differences between the variables. I found out that the vaginal delivery method has the lower death rate compared to the C-section delivery method. The ANOVAs revealed that there is a significant difference between race and death rate. American Indians who were born through C-sections have the highest death rate out of all the other races and delivery methods. Small infants delivered through the C-section method are correlated with lower death rates. Large infants delivered through the vaginal method are correlated with lower death rates. I found that American Indians who were born through C-sections have the highest death rate out of all the other races and delivery methods. These results can serve as the beginning of a more comprehensive look into infant mortality

Prevalence and risk factors for extended-spectrum β-lactamaseproducing Gram-negative bacterial infections in hospitalized patients at a tertiary care hospital, southwest Nigeria

Background: Clinical infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria constitute great burden to healthcare delivery with these resistant pathogens contributing largely to the magnitude and spread of antimicrobial resistance globally. Hence, knowledge of the risk factors for acquisition of infection caused by ESBL-producing bacteria is crucial to instituting prompt and appropriate treatment as well as prevention and control measures. This study investigated the risk factors associated with the prevalence of ESBL-producing Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) infections among hospitalized patients in Uniosun Teaching Hospital (UTH), Osogbo, Nigeria. Methodology: A total of 359 hospitalized patients with clinical infections from whose clinical samples we isolated non-duplicate GNB were consecutively recruited. GNB were isolated following aerobic cultures of appropriate clinical samples and MicrobactTMGNB 24E kit was used for species identification. All isolates were screened for ESBL production by the combination disc method. Relevant clinical and demographic information was obtained using a designed data collection form, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify associated risk factors. Results: Ninety-four (26.2%) of the 359 patients had ESBL-producing GNB isolated from their clinical samples, with a preponderance of Escherichia coli (26.6%, n=25/94), although the most frequent ESBL-producer was Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (100%, n=2/2) and least frequent was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2.6%, n=1/39). The study indicated that male gender, age group >60 years and farming were socio-demographic factors associated with significantly higher prevalence of ESBL-producing GNB infection. Other independent risk factors significantly associated with high prevalence of ESBL GNB infections were; (i) admission into intensive care unit and male surgical ward, (ii) presence of invasive devices such as intravenous line, endotracheal tube and urinary catheter, (iii) underlying conditions such as diabetes mellitus and benign prostatic hyperplasia, and (iv) immunocompromised state. Conclusion: The information obtained from this study can serve as baseline data for designing strategy to prevent drug-resistant infections and transmission in our hospital.   French title: Facteurs de prévalence et de risque pour les infections de bactéries gram-négatives de la β-lactamase prolongées de la β-lactamase chez les patients hospitalisés dans un hôpital de soins tertiaires, au sud-ouest du Nigéria Contexte: Les infections cliniques causées par des bactéries de la β-lactamase de spectre prolongée (ESBL) constituent une grande charge à la livraison des soins de santé avec ces agents pathogènes résistants contribuant en grande partie à la magnitude et à la propagation de la résistance antimicrobienne mondiale. Par conséquent, la connaissance des facteurs de risque d'acquisition d'une infection causée par les bactéries produisant des ESBL est essentielle à l'institution de traitement rapide et approprié, ainsi que des mesures de prévention et de contrôle. Cette étude a enquêté sur les facteurs de risque associés à la prévalence des bactéries gram-négatives de l'ESBL (GNB) parmi les patients hospitalisés dans l'hôpital d'enseignement Uniosun (Uth), Osogbo, Nigéria. Méthodologie: Un total de 359 patients hospitalisés avec des infections cliniques de laquelle les échantillons cliniques de laquelle nous avons isolé le GNB non dupliqué ont été recrutés consécutivement. GNB ont été isolés à la suite de cultures aérobies d'échantillons cliniques appropriés et de kit MicroBactTM GNB 24E a été utilisé pour l'identification des espèces. Tous les isolats ont été criblés pour la production ESBL par la méthode des disques combinées. Des informations cliniques et démographiques pertinentes ont été obtenues à l'aide d'un formulaire de collecte de données conçu et une analyse de régression logistique multivariée a été utilisée pour identifier les facteurs de risque associés. Résultats: Quatre-vingt-quatorze (26,2%) des 359 patients avaient des GNB producteurs de BLSE isolés de leurs échantillons cliniques, avec une prépondérance d'Escherichia coli (26,6%, n=25/94), bien que le producteur de BLSE le plus fréquent soit Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (100.0%, n=2/2) et la moins fréquente était Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2,6%, n=1/39). L'étude a indiqué que le sexe masculin, le groupe d'âge > 60 ans et l'agriculture étaient des facteurs sociodémographiques associés à une prévalence significativement plus élevée d'infections à GNB productrices de BLSE. D'autres facteurs de risque indépendants significativement associés à une prévalence élevée d'infections à BLSE GNB étaient; (i) admission en unité de soins intensifs et en salle de chirurgie pour hommes, (ii) présence de dispositifs invasifs tels qu'une ligne intraveineuse, un tube endotrachéal et un cathéter urinaire, (iii) conditions sous-jacentes telles que le diabète sucré et l'hyperplasie bénigne de la prostate, et (iv) immunodéprimé Etat. Conclusion: les informations obtenues à partir de cette étude peuvent servir de données de base pour la conception de la stratégie visant à prévenir les infections et la transmission résistantes à la drogue dans notre hôpital

The Spirit is Willing, But the Flesh is Weak: Contemporary Pan-Africanism and The Challenges to A United States of Africa

Establishing a ‘United States of Africa’ to the average individual is deemed as a mythical idea in contemporary Africa, irrespective of the popularity of this idea several years ago. Today, the idea is idealized as overambitious – considering the balkanized state of the continent post-colonialization. Because of this, attempts made since then have favored enforcing regional integration over continental integration. Undeniably, this idea would not have come into being if it wasn’t for the concept of Pan-Africanism - which has for long guided the political and socio-economic policies created on the continent. The goal of this research is to explore the perceptions of Pan-Africanism on the continent tracing it from the past to the present conceptions. At the same time, this study aims to highlight efforts that have been made by the African Union - idolized to be a ‘renaissance of Pan-Africanism, towards continental integration. In turn analyzing whether continental integration will eventually occur – seeing as it is at the crux of the agendas laid out and encompassed in the philosophy

Whistle Blowing: The Position of Nigerian Legislation in Banking

Whistleblowing can be a highly instrumental tool in curtailing corruption the banking industry.  However, the act of whistleblowing in Nigeria is not common practice. This may be attributed to the absence of a robust statutory framework that is able to provide protection in the event that a whistleblowers identity is exposed. The absence of this framework also raises difficulty in promoting good corporate governance practices.Whistleblowing is an important concept in both banking and other industries. This study is important as it affords the opportunity to explore the concept and how this tool can be used to curb bad practices. It is also important as it shows how whistleblowing, with adequate protection, can be effective in the work place. This paper will consider whistleblowing, using the Nigerian banking system as a case study. It will focus on the current legal framework; its effectiveness and limitations. It will also provide justifications for the need for enhancement. Keywords: Whistleblowing, Protection, Nigerian Banking, Legal Framewor

Nurse Practitioners\u27 Guide on Consumption of Hundred Percent Fruit Juice by Children

Childhood obesity has reached an epidemic level in the United States, growing exponentially and posing a great risk to the current and future health of the American people. The trend of increasing incidence of overweight and obesity in children has been occurring for decades; there is a need for multimodal preventative solutions to control the rate of growth. Sufficient evidence has shown a correlation between the feeding of 100% fruit juice to infants as dietary supplements and childhood obesity. Therefore, the purpose of this project was development of a guideline for 100% fruit juice feeding in children that is adaptable to the 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics evidence-based policy statement and educational materials to guide providers in their recommendations for fruit juice consumption in children. The project leveraged information from literature review to develop an obesity prevention and control guideline. Evaluations of the guideline were provided by nurse practitioners using the Appraisal of Guideline, Research and Evaluation II. Nine nurse practitioners at the study site evaluated the guideline. The nurse practitioners\u27 score for overall quality was rated at 93% indicating that the guideline met its objective of providing a plan for improving 100% fruit juice consumption in children. All participating nurse practitioners agreed that the guideline and materials were well prepared, easy to understand, and achievable. Provider education and implementation of the guideline will impact the health of very young children. As a result, vital social change can be achieved in children through positive influence and the empowerment of nurse practitioners to provide obesity control and prevention using the recommended prescriptions for 100% fruit juice consumption for infants and children