A Study of the Bell Adjustment Inventory

The University of New Mexico, through its personnel department, has, for three years, made use of the Bell Adjustment Inventory as an instrument for rating the personality adjustments of members of the freshman classes. The Inventory provides four measures of adjustment, and also a total score which is the sum of the scores of the four measures. The test has proved to be of value in determining cases of maladjustment and the several scores furnish a clue to the sources of such maladjustment. The results have been sufficiently satisfactory to warrant the use of the scores in comparing certain student and family groups

Fair trade and ethical trade: are there moves towards convergence?

Fair trade and ethical trade have traditionally had quite different aims, scope and modalities, the former principally focused on terms of trade with small scale producers and the latter on working conditions in mainstream production. Global value chain analysis suggests that this coincided with different forms of governance in the chain: fair trade reflecting relational governance based on trust and mutual dependence, while ethical trade was incorporated into the industrial coordination of buyer-driven, modular value chains. This paper explores the potential for greater synergy between the two as a result of recent developments, taking UK supermarket value chains as a case study. We conclude that convergence may occur in some supermarket chains, in a context of relational governance, while in others ethical trade and fair trade will remain inherently different. Whether and how convergence occurs will depend largely on the prevailing culture, values and strategies of the supermarket concerned. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.