Criminal and Unethical Behaviours in Organisations: Misuse of Assets and False or Misleading Advertising

Behaviours in organizations can either be adjudged to be unethical and even criminal or being above board Criminal and unethical issues are one of the most difficult to handle in organizations and they pervade all levels and activities in the organisation Specifically however this article examines and discusses the following critical criminal and unethical concerns which include corruption misuse of organizational assets and false or misleading advertizing in organizations The data were collected through secondary sources The article concludes that human resource manager s and or organisation s ability to tackle and control these ethical concerns is very important in keeping the organizations healthy and competitive otherwise the organizations will suffer enormous setback sometimes risk failure and even attract criminal actio

A modified ratio-product estimator of population mean using some known parameters of the auxiliary variable

The estimation of population mean is one of the challenging aspects in sampling theory and population study and much effort has been vigorously employed to improve the precision of estimates. In this research work, a modified ratio-product estimator of population mean Y of the study variable Y using median and coefficient of variation of the auxiliary variabl X , in simple random sampling scheme is proposed. The expression of bias and MSE of the proposed estimator have been obtained under large sample approximation, asymptotically optimum estimator (AOE) is identified with its approximate MSE formula. Estimator based on “estimated optimum values” was also investigated. Theoretical and empirical comparison of proposed estimator with some other ratio and product estimators justified the performance of the proposed estimators. A minimum of 20 percent reduction in the MSE were observed from each of the existing estimators considered. It is found that the proposed estimator were uniformly better than all other modified ratio and product estimators and thus most preferred over the existing estimators for the use in practical application.Keywords: Finite population mean, bias, mean square error, auxiliary variable, optimum estimator, study variabl

GAMBLING GAMES AND THE EFFECTS AMONG MUSLIMS OF NASAWARA SOUTH, NASAWARA STATE, NIGERIA: AN ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE

Gambling is a form of behaviour that has been identified to have serious consequences on gamblers spiritual, health, academic, social relation and has been reported to be related to some criminal related behaviour. Recently, there is a general upsurge of gambling houses globally and Nigeria in particular. Nasarawa South has its own fair share of the growth in this game of chance; incidentally Muslim youths are deeply involved in it despite the strict stand of Islamic tenet on it. Though, the situation may be partly attributed to the general unemployment situation in the country. The aim and objective of this research is to educate Muslims on the effects and Islamic teachings as it to gambling and other related games in order to eradicate or drastically reduce the practice of gambling among Muslims in Nasarawa South. The study adopts survey design, where interview method was employed in the collection of data for the paper. The researchers consulted library materials, and sampled opinions of Islamic scholars, Muslim leaders, through personal contact and observations on factors, problems, challenges, effects and solutions to the game of lottery activities in the study area. From the data collected and analyzed, it is clearly discovered that, there are so many problems and challenges encountering gambling players in the study areas where by most of the gambling players are addicted to it. It is concluded that gambling should be eradicated due to its effects on Muslim Ummah. The paper also gave some recommendations that, there should be policy by government for which heavy tax are imposed on gambling, betting and lottery houses in the study area in order to curtail the spread of the menace of gambling in the environment

Modified ratio-product estimator of population mean in the presence of median and coefficient of variation of the auxiliary variable in stratified random sampling

For the past decades, the estimation of population mean is one of the challenging aspects in sampling survey techniques and much effort has been employed to improve the precision of estimates. In this research work, we proposed a modified ratio-product estimator of population mean of the variable of interest using median and coefficient of variation of the auxiliary variable in stratified random sampling scheme. The expression of bias and MSE of the proposed estimator have been obtained under large sample approximation, asymptotically optimum estimator (AOE) is identified with its approximate MSE formula. Estimator based on “estimated optimum values” was also investigated. Theoretical and empirical comparison of proposed estimator with some other ratio and product estimator justified the performance of the proposed estimator. There is a minimum of 15 percent reduction in the MSE from each of the existing ratio and product estimators considered. Thus most preferred over the existing estimators for the use in practical application.Keywords: bias, mean square error, auxiliary variable, optimum estimator, stratified random sampling, study variabl

Handgrip strength and body mass index among adolescents in Northern Nigeria

Introduction: Normative data on handgrip strength (HGS) and body mass index (BMI) are scarce among adolescents in the Nigerian context. The aims of this study were to evaluate patterns of HGS in relation to gender and age in Nigerian adolescents and its correlation with BMI.Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 1966 participants (1275 males) and (691 females) aged 12–20 years in Northern Nigeria. Body mass and height were measured. HGS was assessed using a dynamometer.Results: The right HGS (RHGS) was significantly higher than the left HGS (LHGS) (t = 21.337, p < 0.05). There were significant age differences in the RHGS and the LHGS (p < 0.05); however, no significant difference occurs at 12–14 years. Males participants aged 16–20 years had significantly higher RHGS values than females of the same age (p < 0.0038). Conversely, males aged 15–20 years had significantly higher LHGS values than females of the same age (p < 0.0038). There was a significant interaction between gender and age for the RHGS (F = 72.2, p < 0.05) and the LHGS (F = 92.1, p < 0.05). There was a significant correlation between the BMI and RHGS (r = 0.480, p < 0.01) and the LHGS (r = 0.465, p < 0.01).Conclusion: There are gender and age difference in the HGS of Nigerian adolescents, with the dominance of the RHGS in both genders. HGS correlated with BMI. This normative data on HGS may serve as baseline data for future comparative studies assessing HGS among the adolescent population in Nigeria

An Assessment of Effective Serials Management in Selected Academic Libraries in Niger State, Nigeria.

This paper reports an examination of effective serials management practices in some academic libraries in Niger state. The study specifically investigated the types of serial materials in the libraries. It also examined the acquisition methods as well as methods applied in organizing serial materials in the studied libraries. Challenges bedeviling effective management of serial information sources also form the objective. The study further made a review from different sources on management of serials in libraries. The population of the study consisted of twenty three (23) staff manning the serials units of the affected libraries. Questionnaire and observation check-list were used as the instruments for data collection. 23 copies of questionnaire and observation check-list were distributed, filled and completely (100%) returned for data analysis. Descriptive statistics of frequency and percentages was used for data analysis. The study revealed that Newspapers, magazines and academic journals are the major serial materials available in the academic libraries. Direct purchase from book vendors, Constant subscription of physical serials and online databases were the main methods applied in acquiring serials in the libraries. It discovered that shelving and shelf reading, carding among other were the organizational techniques adopted by the libraries. Paucity of funds, Inadequate ICT facilities as well as inadequate working tools was the factors bedeviling effective serials management in the libraries. The study thus recommended among others that adequate funds be allocated to the libraries, online subscription be enhanced, conducive working environment for library personnel, independent power sources be provided to the academic libraries

Colorectal cancer in pregnancy: a rapid progressive disease

To The Editor: Colorectal cancer during pregnancy is uncommon and most patients present in late pregnancy. This report describes unusual presentations of colorectal cancer in relation to pregnancy in three patients

Klebsiella pneumoniae: a case report of pneumonia and cephalosporins resistant clinical isolate

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes respiratory, urinary tract and blood stream infections associated with community and nosocomial infections with serious health implications. Objective: The study aimed to determine the management response of the patient, from the empirical stage until discharge. Also to identify the aetiology and evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility profile of the isolate. Case management and methods: A case of a 55-year-old-male patient with pneumonia-like symptoms, who presented to Sheikh Muhammad Jidda Specialist Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. The patient was empirically administered with ceftazidime antibiotic, resulting in mild irritation as a symptom of side effects, with no positive response from the patient. Later, the treatment was reviewed to maxipime (1g/50 mL) infusion, which was parenterally administered twice daily for 10 days. The symptoms completely resolved, and the patient fully recovered and was discharged on day 15. Routine and specific bacteriological investigations were conducted to establish the aetiology. A positive string test was conducted on the isolate for the detection of hypermucoviscosity. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was performed to detect the rmpA gene associated with hypermucoviscosity that causes hypervirulence. Results: Results showed that K. pneumoniae was the causative agent with resistance to generations of cephalosporins (second and third). The therapy was successful using maxipime, a fourth-generation cephalosporin (cefepime). The findings indicated that the isolate is multidrug-resistant. The formation of a viscous filament ≥5 mm, confirmed the hypermucoviscosity of the isolate. PCR gel electrophoresis results of the amplified rmpA gene showed ~600 bp band size and was confirmed by DNA sequencing. Conclusion: The use of maxipime as antibiotic therapy for the treatment of the patient with pneumonia infection was successful. The isolate was resistant to second and third-generation cephalosporins. It is important to achieve accurate and prompt identification of such resistant and virulent strains to avoid community-based spread

SUSTAINABLE ISLAMIC DA'WAH A PANACEA FOR A SYNCRETIC PRACTICES OF EGGON ERRO MUSLIMS

This paper is a contribution and a piece of Da’wah work towards eradicating syncretic practice and the worship ancestors (Likya) among Eggon Erro people in Eggonland. The study revealed that religious syncretism is common among many Eggon Erro Muslims, but its main contention was that it had a negative influence on a lot of them. If continual awareness and Da'wah could be carried out, the problem will be eradicated. This study was conducted using a survey method, and data were collected through in-depth interviews. The results of this study showed the need for a sustainable Da'wah to combat the issue of syncretism that many Eggon Erro Muslims are into, and their persistent indulgence in syncretic practices and its effects on their faith (Iman). While acknowledging the efforts of some Muslim scholars to end this endemic problem, this study reveals that Tauheed is not well inculcated into the minds of many Eggon Erro Muslims yet. Therefore, for the purpose of effectively instilling practical Tauheed in their minds, a concerted effort is required among all stakeholders in the task of spreading Islamic education in the communities of the Eggon Erro. The paper concluded that educating the youthful population and the elderly through Islamic education would go a long way to eradicate this menace. &nbsp

Bacterial Contamination of Potable Processed, Packaged, And Commercialized Water in Parts of Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria

A study was conducted to isolate and characterize Salmonella typhi and Vibrio cholerae from three (3) types of packaged commercial water (sachet, bottle and dispenser jar) in Kaduna metropolis. Membrane filtration technique was employed in screening for viable pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella typhi and Vibrio cholerae); coliform indicator (Escherichia coli) and the opportunistic pathogenic bacteria (Pseudomonas sp.). A total of 270 samples from 90 brands were collected randomly comprising of 171, 69 and 30 of sachet, bottle and dispenser jar using a patronage ratio of 6:2:1 of the three types of packaged water by consumers. Salmonella typhi and Vibrio cholerae appeared more with the prevalence of 11(15.9%) and 9(13.1%) of the 69 bottles; followed by 3(10.0%) and 2(6.7%) in dispenser jars; then 15(8.8%) and 5(2.9%) in sachet samples respectively. The probability of a consumer likely picking a bacteria contaminated water from sachet, bottle and dispenser jar was found to be 0.117, 0.290 and 0.166 respectively. There was no significant difference in level of contamination at p≥0.01 (99%) for all the three types of packaged water. Molecular confirmation of cholera toxigenic gene (CtxA) in Vibrio cholerae isolates is suggestive that virulent strains were present and clinical infection is possible for consumers of the contaminated water. In conclusion, there is therefore an equal possibility of contracting food-borne bacterial infection and intoxication without any relative safety advantage between the three different packaged brands. Manufacturers of the water might need to reinvigorate and improve their method of processing to ensure almost complete sterility in the end product as the presence of even one bacterial pathogen may adversely affect the health of consumers of the water. This development could spell negative consequences for the manufacturers of the product, as consumers might be scared of consuming their products. Keywords: Salmonella tyhi, Vibrio cholerae, Pseudomonas sp. Escherichia col