Діяльність волосних правлінь Чернігівщини в першій пол. ХІХ ст. по організації рекрутської повинності

У статті проаналізовано законодавство Російської імперії щодо комплектування армії в першій пол. ХІХ ст. та проведення військових реформ у Чернігівській губернії. Показано діяльність волосних правлінь Чернігівщини по організації рекрутської повинності державних селян та козаків.В статье проанализировано законодательство Российской империи относительно комплектации армии в первой пол. ХІХ в. и проведение военных реформ в Черниговской губернии. Показано деятельность волостных правлений Черниговщины по организации рекрутской повинности государственных крестьян и казаков.The legislation of the Russian Empire concerning the brining army up to strength in the first half of XIX century and the military reform in the Chernihiv province were analyzed in this article. The activity of the volost boards in the Chernihiv region connected with the organizing the recruit obligations of state peasants and Cossacks are shown in it

Loss of DPP6 in neurodegenerative dementia: a genetic player in the dysfunction of neuronal excitability

Emerging evidence suggested a converging mechanism in neurodegenerative brain diseases (NBD) involving early neuronal network dysfunctions and alterations in the homeostasis of neuronal fring as culprits of neurodegeneration. In this study, we used paired-end short-read and direct long-read whole genome sequencing to investigate an unresolved autosomal dominant dementia family signifcantly linked to 7q36. We identifed and validated a chromosomal inversion of ca. 4 Mb, segregating on the disease haplotype and disrupting the coding sequence of dipeptidyl-peptidase 6 gene (DPP6). DPP6 resequencing identifed signifcantly more rare variants—nonsense, frameshift, and missense—in early-onset Alzheimer’s disease (EOAD, p value=0.03, OR=2.21 95% CI 1.05–4.82) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD, p=0.006, OR=2.59, 95% CI 1.28–5.49) patient cohorts. DPP6 is a type II transmembrane protein with a highly structured extracellular domain and is mainly expressed in brain, where it binds to the potassium channel Kv4.2 enhancing its expression, regulating its gating properties and controlling the dendritic excitability of hippocampal neurons. Using in vitro modeling, we showed that the missense variants found in patients destabilize DPP6 and reduce its membrane expression (p<0.001 and p<0.0001) leading to a loss of protein. Reduced DPP6 and/or Kv4.2 expression was also detected in brain tissue of missense variant carriers. Loss of DPP6 is known to caus

Frontiers in nuclear medicine and technology. Editorial

This special issue of Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics contains the full length papers of invited oral communications presented at the symposium entitled: “Frontiers in Nuclear Medicine Technology” held at the Studie Centrum voor Kernenergie — Centre d'Etude de l'Energie Nucléaire (SCK — CEN), Mol, Belgium from Thursday 6 to Friday 7 May 1999. Invited lectures on specific topics were presented with an emphasis on general principles. The issue was completed by inviting a selection of proferred papers. The symposium aimed at presenting new developments in nuclear medicine with regard to hardware, connectivity, software and methodology. The papers of this issue reflect various aspects of the rapidly changing focus of nuclear medicine towards a quantitative three-dimensional imaging modality. The organisation of this symposium in Belgium was not merely a consequence of the geographic affiliation of the organisers but also reflects the density of nuclear medicine facilities in Belgium, being the highest in Europe. The interest in the conference topic was illustrated by the attendance of more than 150 participants. The symposium hosted an industrial exhibition with contributions from 12 industrial companies. The symposium was organized under the auspices of the Belgian Ministry of Public Health (“Ministerie van Volksgezondheid en Leefmilieu — Ministère de la Santé Publique et de l'Environnement”), the Belgian Society of Nuclear Medicine (“Belgisch Genootschap voor Nucleaire Geneeskunde — Société Belge de Médecine Nucléaire” (BGNG — SBMN)), the Dutch Society of Nuclear Medicine (“Nederlandse Vereniging voor Nucleaire Geneeskunde” (NVNG)), the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM), the Association of Radiopharmaceutical Producers and Medical Equipment Suppliers (ARPES) and the European Society of Engineers in Medicine (ESEM). The organizers gratefully acknowledge the support of all institutional and industrial sponsors. We are furthermore indebted to the reviewers of the papers, who all did an excellent job by completing their task at short notice. Finally, we thank the editors of Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics for the opportunity to present the Proceedings of the symposium in this form. Copyright © 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

Nasal mucociliary transport: new evidence for a key role of ciliary beat frequency.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Mucociliary transport is an important defense mechanism of the respiratory tract. Nonetheless, the factors determining mucociliary transport are only partially understood. Ciliary beat frequency is assumed to be one of the main parameters, although the experimental evidence remains inconclusive. STUDY DESIGN: Comparing influences on mucociliary transport to influences on ciliary beat frequency. METHODS: The present study measures the effects on mucociliary transport of two ciliary beat frequency-inhibiting compounds (0.1% xylometazoline and 0.9% NaCl) and a ciliary beat frequency enhancer (0.1% salbutamol). The measurements were performed by a technetium-99m nebulizing scintigraphic method. The experiments were carried out in 15 healthy young volunteers. RESULTS: The 0.1% xylometazoline appeared to slow ciliary transport, although the decrease was not significant (P = .44). The 0.9% NaCl did reduce mucociliary transport significantly (P = .033). The 0.1% salbutamol resulted in a highly significant increase of mucociliary transport (P = .009). Xylometazoline brings about drastic changes in the nasal cavity, both anatomically and physiologically. Any comparison of mucociliary transport before and after using this vasoconstrictive agent must take this effect into account. CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrates a significant similarity in the effects of NaCl and salbutamol on ciliary beat frequency in vitro and on mucociliary transport in vivo. The evidence from our experiments suggests that ciliary beat frequency is a determining factor in the mucociliary transport rate in the nose

The long-term effects of force-transmission in an injured wrist, measured with dual-energy X-ray absorphometry- A case report.

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Bone mineral density patterns of the distal radius and ulna representing the loading history of the wrist joint

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Cereal yield gaps across Europe

Europe accounts for around 20% of the global cereal production and is a net exporter of ca. 15% of that production. Increasing global demand for cereals justifies questions as to where and by how much Europe's production can be increased to meet future global market demands, and how much additional nitrogen (N) crops would require. The latter is important as environmental concern and legislation are equally important as production aims in Europe. Here, we used a country-by-country, bottom-up approach to establish statistical estimates of actual grain yield, and compare these to modelled estimates of potential yields for either irrigated or rainfed conditions. In this way, we identified the yield gaps and the opportunities for increased cereal production for wheat, barley and maize, which represent 90% of the cereals grown in Europe. The combined mean annual yield gap of wheat, barley, maize was 239 Mt, or 42% of the yield potential. The national yield gaps ranged between 10 and 70%, with small gaps in many north-western European countries, and large gaps in eastern and south-western Europe. Yield gaps for rainfed and irrigated maize were consistently lower than those of wheat and barley. If the yield gaps of maize, wheat and barley would be reduced from 42% to 20% of potential yields, this would increase annual cereal production by 128 Mt (39%). Potential for higher cereal production exists predominantly in Eastern Europe, and half of Europe's potential increase is located in Ukraine, Romania and Poland. Unlocking the identified potential for production growth requires a substantial increase of the crop N uptake of 4.8 Mt. Across Europe, the average N uptake gaps, to achieve 80% of the yield potential, were 87, 77 and 43 kg N ha−1 for wheat, barley and maize, respectively. Emphasis on increasing the N use efficiency is necessary to minimize the need for additional N inputs. Whether yield gap reduction is desirable and feasible is a matter of balancing Europe's role in global food security, farm economic objectives and environmental targets. © 2018 The Author