Psychopathic traits and deviant sexual interests : the moderating role of gender

The present study examined associations between psychopathic traits and deviant sexual interests across gender in a large community sample (N = 429, 24% men). Correlation analyses supported the positive link between psychopathic traits and deviant sexual interests. Regression analyses indicated that the unique variance in the antisocial facet of psychopathy predicted all six deviant sexual interests. The interpersonal facet predicted voyeuristic and exhibitionistic interests, whereas the affective facet predicted pedophilic interests. Moderation analyses revealed that gender moderated most of the relations between the antisocial facet of psychopathy and deviant sexual interests, such that those positive associations were stronger among women. On the contrary, the associations between the interpersonal facet and voyeuristic interests, as well as between the lifestyle facet and sadistic interests, were stronger among men. Findings appear to suggest that deviant sexual interests represent a domain in which the manifestation of psychopathic traits may differ across gender. These findings emphasize the relevance of psychopathic traits for the understanding and risk assessment of sexual deviance, while suggesting the need for gender-sensitive considerations

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Magnetic resonance imaging and response to cardiac resynchronization therapy: relative merits of left ventricular dyssynchrony and scar tissue

Aim To assess the relative value of a novel measure of left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony derived from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the extent of scar tissue for prediction of response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Methods and results Thirty-five heart failure patients scheduled for CRT were included. Left ventricular dyssynchrony was defined as the standard deviation of 16 segment time-to-maximum radial wall thickness (SDt-16) obtained from a cine-set of short-axis slices. Detayed-enhanced MRI was performed for scar analysis. Echocardiography was used to determine response to CRT (reduction >= 15% in LV end-systotic volume 6 months after implantation). At follow-up, 21 patients (60%) were classified as responders. On MRI, SDt-16 was significantly higher in responders compared with non-responders (median 97 vs. 60 ms, P < 0.001), whereas the total extent of scar was larger in non-responders (median 35% vs. 3% in responders, P < 0.001). At the logistic regression analysis, SDt-16 was directly associated (OR = 6.3, 95% CI 3.1-9.9, P < 0.001) and the total extent of scar was inversely associated (OR = 0.52, 95% Cl 0.43-0.87, P < 0.001) with response to CRT. Conclusion Magnetic resonance imaging offers the unique opportunity to assess LV dyssynchrony and scar extent in a single session. Both these parameters are important predictors of echocardiographic response to CRT

Characteristics and prognosis of interval cancers after biennial screen-film or full-field digital screening mammography

We determined the characteristics and prognosis of interval breast cancers (IC) at screen-film (SFM) and full-field digital (FFDM) screening mammography. The study population consisted of 417,746 consecutive screening mammograms (302,699 SFM screens and 115,047 FFDM screens), obtained between 2000 and 2011. During 2-year follow-up, we collected breast imaging reports, surgical reports, and pathology results. A total of 800 ICs had been diagnosed in the screened population, of which 288 detected in the first year (early ICs) and 512 in the second year (late ICs) after a negative screen. 31.3 % of early IC’s and 19.1 % of late IC’s, respectively, were visible in retrospect on the latest previous screens, but had been missed during screening (P &lt; 0.001). Missed invasive ICs were larger (28.5 mm vs. 23.9 mm, P = 0.003) and showed a higher fraction of T3+cancers (16.9 vs. 8.5 %, P = 0.02) than true ICs (i.e., not visible at the latest screen). A higher portion of missed than true ICs underwent mastectomy (44.7 vs. 30.8 %, P = 0.002). We found no differences in mammographic and tumor characteristics for early ICs, detected either after SFM or FFDM. Late ICs following FFDM were more often true ICs than missed ICs (69.0 vs. 57.6 %, P = 0.03) and more often receptor triple negative (P = 0.02), compared to late ICs at SFM. Interval cancer subgroups showed comparable overall survival. Interval cancer subgroups show distinctive mammographic and tumor characteristics but a comparable overall survival