Violência no contexto escolar e ideação suicida na adolescência

Objective: to analyze the school violence suffered and practiced and its association with suicidal ideation among adolescents aged 12 to 18 years. Method: study conducted with 643 adolescents registered in state schools in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Two questionnaires were applied: “Global School-based Student Health Survey” and “Violence at School”. For statistical analysis, the Chi-square test was used, degree of association was analyzed using the prevalence ratio. Results: the prevalence of school violence and suicidal ideation was 62.2% and 17.4%, respectively. About 28% of the adolescents reported having felt very sad, 14% of them reported feeling loneliness frequently. There was a significant association between suicidal ideation and violence in the age group of 15-18 years. Conclusion: the results point to the need for health actions aimed at strengthening the protective and prevention factors of risk situations for violence and suicidal ideation.Objetivo: analisar a violência escolar sofrida e praticada e a sua correlação com a ideação suicida, entre adolescentes com 12 a 18 anos. Método: pesquisa realizada com 643 adolescentes, matriculados em escolas estaduais da cidade do Recife (PE), Brasil. Foram aplicados dois questionários: “Global School-based Student Health Survey” e “Violência na Escola”. Para análise estatística utilizou-se o teste Qui-quadrado, grau de associação foi analisado por meio da razão de prevalências. Resultados: as prevalências de violência escolar e de ideação suicida foram de 62,2% e 17,4%, respectivamente. Cerca de 28% dos adolescentes relataram já terem se sentido muito tristes, 14% deles declararam sentir solidão frequentemente. Houve associação significativa da ideação suicida com a violência sofrida na faixa etária de (15-18 anos). Conclusão: os resultados apontam para a necessidade de ações de saúde, que visem fortalecer os fatores de proteção e prevenção das situações de risco para a violência e ideação suicida

Bioenergia: desenvolvimento, pesquisa e inovação

Com 27 trabalhos produzidos por pesquisadores do Instituto de Pesquisa em Bioenergia (Bioen), da Unesp, este livro oferece uma ampla visão sobre as áreas que compõem o segmento. Seu principal objetivo é contribuir para melhorar a compreensão dos vários aspectos da bioenergia, em especial no Brasil, que figura entre os países com maior nível de desenvolvimento tecnológico no setor. Os artigos abordam uma série abrangente de questões relacionadas à bioenergia, como a construção genética das plantas de cana-de-açúcar visando ao aumento de produtividade, a disseminação de sementes para estimular a propagação de espécies com potencial energético, etapas de produção de bioenergia, usos do combustível e seus efeitos nos diversos tipos de motores. Agrupados por assunto, os textos estão distribuídos em cinco partes: Biomassa para bioenergia; Produção de biocombustíveis; Utilização de bioenergia; Biorrefinaria, alcoolquímica e oleoquímica e Sustentabilidade dos biocombustíveis

Neotropical freshwater fisheries : A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications

Health-status outcomes with invasive or conservative care in coronary disease

BACKGROUND In the ISCHEMIA trial, an invasive strategy with angiographic assessment and revascularization did not reduce clinical events among patients with stable ischemic heart disease and moderate or severe ischemia. A secondary objective of the trial was to assess angina-related health status among these patients. METHODS We assessed angina-related symptoms, function, and quality of life with the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) at randomization, at months 1.5, 3, and 6, and every 6 months thereafter in participants who had been randomly assigned to an invasive treatment strategy (2295 participants) or a conservative strategy (2322). Mixed-effects cumulative probability models within a Bayesian framework were used to estimate differences between the treatment groups. The primary outcome of this health-status analysis was the SAQ summary score (scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health status). All analyses were performed in the overall population and according to baseline angina frequency. RESULTS At baseline, 35% of patients reported having no angina in the previous month. SAQ summary scores increased in both treatment groups, with increases at 3, 12, and 36 months that were 4.1 points (95% credible interval, 3.2 to 5.0), 4.2 points (95% credible interval, 3.3 to 5.1), and 2.9 points (95% credible interval, 2.2 to 3.7) higher with the invasive strategy than with the conservative strategy. Differences were larger among participants who had more frequent angina at baseline (8.5 vs. 0.1 points at 3 months and 5.3 vs. 1.2 points at 36 months among participants with daily or weekly angina as compared with no angina). CONCLUSIONS In the overall trial population with moderate or severe ischemia, which included 35% of participants without angina at baseline, patients randomly assigned to the invasive strategy had greater improvement in angina-related health status than those assigned to the conservative strategy. The modest mean differences favoring the invasive strategy in the overall group reflected minimal differences among asymptomatic patients and larger differences among patients who had had angina at baseline