“FITFORLIFE – empowering healthy habits in school-age children.”

Abstract: Childhood obesity is a significant health problem in the United States. Children are socialized through media and modern day environments to visually attractive but unhealthy food choices such as soda and fast foods. Few media outlets targeted towards school-age children promote healthy lifestyle choices such as regular exercise and fresh food consumption. In addition socioeconomic restrictions on families and school systems influence children’s knowledge about healthy choices. The aim of this project was to assess second graders’ knowledge of healthy choices and reduce unhealthy behaviors through the FITFORLIFE program. Along with the program details the children were given a form to track their progress over the course of the project. Sixty second-graders participated in this project that entailed an initial survey to assess knowledge and then active participation in the FITFORLIFE program

Estudios detallados de algunos lípidos en aceite de semilla de Silybum marianum L.

Eight lipid patterns of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn seed oil, not hitherto reported, (20%) have been elucidated in this laboratory using capillary GLC and HPLC as main tools of analysis. The oil is rich in linoleic acid (53.3%) and oleic acid (21.3%). Five major triacylglycerols containing linoleic acyls namely LLL, LLO, LLP, LOO and LOP were detected by HPLC using FID detector, these triacylglycerols are also predominating in both cottonseed and sunflower oils but in different proportions. The total tocopherols content (260 ppm) was determined directly in the oil by HPLC. It was found that the oil contains alpha -tocopherol as a major constituent (84.5%) resembling sunflower oil. The whole sterols pattern, as determined as their trimethylsilyl derivatives by GLC, includes campesterol, 5-stigmasterol, beta-sitosterol, 7-stigmasterol, avenasterol and spinasterol. The four sterols lipid clases of free and acylated sterols and sterylglycosides have been determined as their 9- and 1- anthroylnitrile derivatives by fluorescence and UV- HPLC respectively.La composición de ocho tipos de lípidos en aceite de semillas de Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn, hasta ahora no reportados, han sido identificados en este laboratorio, usando GLC capilar y HPLC como herramientas principales de análisis. El aceite es rico en ácidos linoleico (53,3%) y oleico (21,3%). El ácido linoleico está contenido principalmente en cinco formas de triacilgliceroles: LLL, LLO, LLP, LOO y LOP, detectadas por HPLC, usando un detector FID, estos triacilgliceroles son también predominantes en los aceites de semillas de algodón o girasol, pero con diferentes proporciones. El contenido total de tocoferoles (260 ppm) fue determinado directamente en el aceite por HPLC. Se encontró que el aceite contenía alfa-tocoferol como principal constituyente (84,5%), recordando al aceite de girasol. El patrón completo de esteroles determinado por GLC como derivados de trimetilsilil incluyó campesterol, 5-estigmasterol, beta-sitosterol, 7-estigmasterol, avenasterol y spinasterol. Las cuatro clases de esteroles lipídicos, de libres y acilados esteroles y esterilglicósidos han sido determinados como sus derivados de 9- y 1- antroilnitrilo respectivamente por fluorescencia y UV- HPLC

Evaluación por HPLC de componentes lipídicos minoritarios de subproductos de la refinación de aceites comestibles

An analytical evaluation of some by-products resulting from edible oil refining processing steps has been carried out. By-product samples were taken from four different local refineries that apply chemical refining technology. Pretreatment of the representative samples of the by-products were done prior to analysis followed by chromatographic isolation and derivatization of the minor components, namely, free and acylated sterol (FS and AS) as well as free and acylated sterylglycosides (FSG and ASG). However, tocopherols were directly determined in the pretreated samples. HPLC, using different detectors, was carried out for the determination of these minor components. Several authors have focused on the analysis of sterols and sterol esters, as well as tocopherols in the refining byproducts; however sterylglycosides, as biologically important components, have not been dealt with. This study throws light on the by – products enriched with certain minor components to be possibly utilized as sources for such components. Also, the role of the conditions of the refining steps followed in removing these valuable minor components from oils was discussed. It was found that soapstock samples contained various amounts of total tocopherols ranging from 80 to 230ppm; total FS and AS ranged from 240 to 4000 mg/100g while total FSG and ASG ranged from 1120 to 6375 mg/100g. In the case of deodorization distillate samples total tocopherols ranged from 960 to 7360ppm; total FS and AS ranged from 1020 to 4160 mg/100g and total FSG, ASG ranged from 395 to 880 mg/100g.El trabajo realiza una evaluación analítica de algunos subproductos resultantes del la refinación de aceites comestibles. Las muestras procedieron de 4 plantas que aplicaban refinación química. Después de un pretratamiento de las muestras estas se sometieron a un análisis cromatográfico para el aislamiento y derivatización de los siguientes componentes minoritarios: esteroles libres y acilados (FS y AS) y esterilglicosidos libres y acilados (FSG y ASG). Sin embargo, los tocoferoles se determinaron directamente a partir de las muestras pretratadas. Todos los componentes menores se analizaron mediante HPLC, utilizando detectores apropiados. Algunos autores han estudiado los esteroles y los esteres de los esteroles en los subproductos de la refinación pero ninguno lo ha hecho hasta ahora con los glicosidos de los esteroles, que son son de gran importancia biológica. Este estudio aporta información sobre subproductos enriquecidos con ciertos componentes que pueden ser una fuente interesante de los mismos. En el trabajo se discute asimismo el papel de las condiciones de refinación sobre la eliminación de dichos componentes de los aceites tratados. Se ha encontrado que los jabones contienen cantidades variables de tocoferoles que oscilan entre 80 y 230 ppm; la cantidad total de AS y FS osciló entre 240 a 4000 mg/100g mientras que la concentración total de FSG y ASG varió entre 1120 a 6375 mg/100g. En caso de desodorización, los destilados contuvieron entre 960 to 7360ppm de tocoferol, mientras que el total de FS y AS se situó entre 1020 y 4160 mg/100g y el de los totales de FSG y ASG entre 395 y 880 mg/100g

A rare breed: Wild-type braf and ighv expression in a 29 year old lady with classical hairy cell leukemia

The V600 BRAF mutation has been described as a key mutation in the pathogenesis of classical hairy cell leukemia (c-HCL) cases without expression of a mutant immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgHV). Here we present a rare case of c-HCL with neither V600 BRAF mutation nor the aforementioned IgHV variant successfully treated with cladribine and review the current literature on its use in women of childbearing age/pregnancy

Shielding effectiveness of mesh wire for 50Hz magnetic field

A wire mesh shield composed of thin conductive wires will influence the behaviour of electromagnetic fields within it. Many researchers have investigated electromagnetic field behaviour in solid metal, but little of this work has probed into the effects of a wire mesh. The primary goal of this work is to design wire mesh shielding under overhead power lines to investigate the electromagnetic energy transmitted to the ground and possibly can exposed people under certain risk. The electromagnetic shielding of wire-mesh screens is discussed in the frequency range where the individual meshes are electrically small ( )1.0 <L λ . The screen, whose meshes are assumed to be square, its applicability to the measurement of mesh properties is described. The low-frequency magnetic shielding afforded by mesh enclosures is considered. Because of the reactive character of the mesh surface, the near field source shielding effectiveness decreases with increasing frequency. The enclosure magnetic-field shielding effectiveness increases with increasing frequency, but saturates at a maximum value that depends on the geometry of the mesh size, and the mesh wire radius. The enclosure electrostatic-field shielding effectiveness depends only on the enclosure and mesh geometries. Experimentally, shielding effectiveness measurements have been performed. The wire mesh Shields designed in different sizes to find the relation between mesh size and shielding effectiveness

On supra R-open sets and some applications on topological spaces

In the present paper a new class of generalized supra open sets called supra R-open set is introduced. The relationships between some generalized supra open sets&nbsp;and this class are investigated and illustrated with enough examples. Also, new types of&nbsp;supra continuous maps, supra open maps, supra closed maps, and supra homeomorphism&nbsp;maps are studied depending on the concept of supra R-open sets. Finally, new separation&nbsp;axioms are dened and their several properties are studied

Evaluación de cáscaras de maní como alternativa a arcillas decolorantes

Peanut hulls (PNH) were carbonized at different temperatures, times, and evaluated at different concentrations as an alternative to bleaching clays. Evaluation of bleached crude soybean oil with PNH was based on their delta free fatty acids, reduction in peroxide value (PV), reduction in phospholipids (PL) and bleachability. The performance of several commercially used bleaching clays was evaluated, for comparison. Mixtures were formulated including: PNH and Tonsil -N (TN), PNH and Fuller’s earth (FE) and PNH and O-passive (OP) and examined. The oxidative stability of oils was determined. Results for the investigated commercial bleaching clays revealed: TN > FE > F > TF > OP. Highest reduction in PV and PL, and highest bleachability were achieved for soybean oil bleached with 2% PNH carbonized at 500°C for 30 min (PNH”). Mixtures of PNH” with the three chosen bleaching clays indicated that 1PNH”: 2TN gave the highest bleachability. CSO was miscella bleached in hexane using PNH” and resulted in an appreciable improvement in all oil characteristics, especially in bleachability. Oxidative stability of oils was in the following order: TN > control > FE > PNH” with Induction period values of 23,1 > 6,43 > 5,73 > 2,85 h, respectively.Las cáscaras de maní (PNH) fueron carbonizadas a diferentes temperaturas y tiempos, y utilizadas a diferentes concentraciones como una alternativa a las tierras decolorantes. La evaluación de un aceite de soja decolorado con PNH se ha basado en sus ácidos grasos libres, reducción del índice de peróxidos (PV), reducción de los fosfolípidos (PL), y en la blanqueabilidad. El rendimiento de varias tierras decolorantes de uso comercial fue evaluado y comparado con el de PNH carbonizada. Las mezclas formuladas incluían: PNH y Tonsil-N (TN), PNH y tierras de Fuller (FE) y PNH y O-pasivo (OP). La estabilidad oxidativa de los aceites resultantes fue determinada. Los resultados revelaron que la efectividad de la decoloración con las tierras decolorantes investigadas fue el siguiente: TN > FE > F > TF > OP. La mayor reducción en PV y PL, y la mayor decoloración se logró para el aceite de soja blanqueado con un 2% de PHN carbonizada a 500°C durante 30 min (PNH”). Las mezclas de PHN” con las tres tierras de blanqueo elegidas indicaron que 1PHN”: 2TN dio el mayor porcentaje de decoloración. La miscela de aceite de soja crudo en hexano decolorada usando PNH” resultó mejorar apreciablemente todas las características del aceite, sobre todo la blanqueabilidad. La estabilidad oxidativa fue en el siguiente orden: TN > control > FE > PNH” con valores de periodo de inducción de 23,1 > 6,43 > 5,73 > 2,85 h, respectivamente

Tocoferoles y flavonoides de halofito SOS-7

Halophyte is an oil seed coded as SOS-7 (Salicomia Oil Seed, 7th year of selection). Tocopherol constituents of SOS-7 halophyte oil were determined directly in the oil by using high pressure liquid chromatography coupled to fluorescence detector. It was found that the oil contains 710 ppm total tocopherols. The tocopherol constituents, alpha, beta, gamma and delta, were found at the level of 38.2,1.0, 58.7 and 2.1% respectively. Nine flavonoid glycosides were isolated and identified from the seeds and it was found that they belong to the flavonol class of flavonoids. These flavonol compounds were identified as: quercetin-3, 7-diglucoside, quercetin-3-glucoside-7-galactoside, quercetin-3-sophoroside, quercetin-3-glucoside, quercetin-3-galactoside, isorhamnetin-3, 7-di-glucoside, isorhamnetin-3-glucoside, kaempferol-3, 7-diglucoside and kaempferol-3-glucoside.Halofito es una semilla oleaginosa codificada como SOS-7 (semilla oleaginosa Salicomia, séptimo año de selección). Los tocoferoles del aceite de halofito SOS-7 fueron determinados directamente en el aceite usando cromatografía líquida de alta presión acoplada a detector fluorescente. Se encontró que el aceite contenía 710 ppm de tocoferoles totales. Los tocoferoles alfa, beta, gamma y delta, se encontraron a niveles de 38.2,1.0, 58.7 y 2.1%, respectivamente. Nueve glicósidos flavonoides fueron aislados e identificados de las semillas y se encontró que pertenecen a la clase flavonol dentro de los flavonoides. Estos flavonoles fueron identificados como: quercetina-3,7-diglucosido, quercetina-3-glucosido-7-galactosido, quercetina-3-soforosido, quercetina- 3-glucosido, quercetina-3-galactosido, isorannetina-3, 7-di-glucosido, isorannetina-3-glucosido, kampferol-3, 7-diglucosido y kampferol-3-glucosido

Strengthening of Concrete Beams Using FRP Composites

Finite element analysis (FEA) is used to predict the behavior of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with fiber reinforced polymer (FRP). To verify and measure the accuracy of the FEM model, the current model results were compared with both experimental and theoretical available results. Four beams were studied simulating the Horsetail Creek Bridge, Oregon, USA. The first one is a control beam with no strengthening fiber.The second beam is strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) oriented along the length of the beam to reinforce the flexure behavior. The third beam is wrapped with glass fiber reinforced polymer(GFRP) laminates representing the shear beam. The fourth one is strengthened with CFRP and GFRP laminates representing the flexure-shear beam.The load-strain for concrete, steel and fiber as well were represented and compared. In addition, the load deflection curves and crack patterns were developed and represented. The results showed that the modeling process was accurate in simulating the tested beams. It was also clear that using FRP in strengthening reinforced concrete beams is an effective method in improving both shear and flexural behavior of the beams