13,519 research outputs found
Tips and Tricks for Visual Question Answering: Learnings from the 2017 Challenge
This paper presents a state-of-the-art model for visual question answering
(VQA), which won the first place in the 2017 VQA Challenge. VQA is a task of
significant importance for research in artificial intelligence, given its
multimodal nature, clear evaluation protocol, and potential real-world
applications. The performance of deep neural networks for VQA is very dependent
on choices of architectures and hyperparameters. To help further research in
the area, we describe in detail our high-performing, though relatively simple
model. Through a massive exploration of architectures and hyperparameters
representing more than 3,000 GPU-hours, we identified tips and tricks that lead
to its success, namely: sigmoid outputs, soft training targets, image features
from bottom-up attention, gated tanh activations, output embeddings initialized
using GloVe and Google Images, large mini-batches, and smart shuffling of
training data. We provide a detailed analysis of their impact on performance to
assist others in making an appropriate selection.Comment: Winner of the 2017 Visual Question Answering (VQA) Challenge at CVP
Magnetic phase diagram of doped CMR manganites
The magnetic phase diagram of the colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) manganites
is determined based on the Hamiltonian incorporating the double-exchange (DE)
interaction between degenerate Mn orbitals and the antiferromagnetic (AF)
superexchange interaction between Mn spins. We have employed the
rigorous quantum mechanical formalism and obtained the finite temperature phase
diagram which describes well the commonly observed features in CMR manganites.
We have also shown that the CE-type AF structure cannot be stabilized at
=0.5 in this model.Comment: 2 pages, 1 figure; Transport and Thermal Properties of Advanced
Materials(Aug. 2002; Hiroshima, Japan
An intrinsic limit to quantum coherence due to spontaneous symmetry breaking
We investigate the influence of spontaneous symmetry breaking on the
decoherence of a many-particle quantum system. This decoherence process is
analyzed in an exactly solvable model system that is known to be representative
of symmetry broken macroscopic systems in equilibrium. It is shown that
spontaneous symmetry breaking imposes a fundamental limit to the time that a
system can stay quantum coherent. This universal timescale is , given in terms of the number of microscopic degrees of
freedom , temperature , and the constants of Planck () and
Boltzmann ().Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum from the Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of antimalarial treatment and molecular markers of Plasmodium falciparum resistance in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh. METHODS: A total of 203 patients infected with P. falciparum were treated with quinine 3 days plus sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine (SP) combination therapy, and followed up during a 4-week period. Blood samples collected before treatment were genotyped for parasite mutations related to chloroquine (pfcrt and pfmdr1 genes) or SP resistance (dhfr and dhps). RESULTS: Of 186 patients who completed follow-up, 32 patients (17.2%) failed to clear parasitaemia or became positive again within 28 days after treatment. Recurring parasitaemia was related to age (chi(2) = 4.8, P < 0.05) and parasite rates on admission (t = 3.1, P < 0.01). PCR analysis showed that some of these cases were novel infections. The adjusted recrudescence rate was 12.9% (95% CI 8.1-17.7) overall, and 16.6% (95% CI 3.5-29.7), 15.5% (95% CI 8.3-22.7) and 6.9% (95% CI 0.4-13.4) in three age groups (<5 years, 5-14, > or =15). The majority of infections carried mutations associated with chloroquine resistance: 94% at pfcrt and 70% at pfmdr. Sp-resistant genotypes were also frequent: 99% and 73% of parasites carried two or more mutations at dhfr and dhps, respectively. The frequency of alleles at dhfr, dhps and pfmdr was similar in cases that were successfully treated and those that recrudesced. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical trial showed that quinine 3-days combined to SP is still relatively effective in the Chittagong Hill Tracts. However, if this regimen is continued to be widely used, further development of SP resistance and reduced quinine sensitivity are to be expected. The genotyping results suggest that neither chloroquine nor SP can be considered a reliable treatment for P. falciparum malaria any longer in this area of Bangladesh
Vision-and-Language Navigation: Interpreting visually-grounded navigation instructions in real environments
A robot that can carry out a natural-language instruction has been a dream
since before the Jetsons cartoon series imagined a life of leisure mediated by
a fleet of attentive robot helpers. It is a dream that remains stubbornly
distant. However, recent advances in vision and language methods have made
incredible progress in closely related areas. This is significant because a
robot interpreting a natural-language navigation instruction on the basis of
what it sees is carrying out a vision and language process that is similar to
Visual Question Answering. Both tasks can be interpreted as visually grounded
sequence-to-sequence translation problems, and many of the same methods are
applicable. To enable and encourage the application of vision and language
methods to the problem of interpreting visually-grounded navigation
instructions, we present the Matterport3D Simulator -- a large-scale
reinforcement learning environment based on real imagery. Using this simulator,
which can in future support a range of embodied vision and language tasks, we
provide the first benchmark dataset for visually-grounded natural language
navigation in real buildings -- the Room-to-Room (R2R) dataset.Comment: CVPR 2018 Spotlight presentatio
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The Efficacy of Simulation as a Pedagogy in Facilitating Pre-Service Teachers’ Learning About Emotional Self-Regulation and its Relevance to the Teaching Profession
This study was undertaken in response to the imperative of teacher education courses incorporating National Professional Standards for Teachers, in particular Standard 7, which deals with the professional engagement of teachers (AITSL, 2011). It aimed to evaluate the efficacy of simulation and active recall as a learner-centred pedagogy in facilitating pre-service teachers’ learning about their capacity to self-regulate emotionally and its relevance to the profession. A simulated ‘critical incident’ was used in a lecture to guide students (n=106) to analyse and understand their emotional responses to an altercation between the lecturer and a colleague. The evaluation involved both quantitative and qualitative data collection. The study generated six useful insights associated with the efficacy of simulation pedagogy and revealed convincingly that this pedagogy can engage students actively in learning about the importance of emotional self-regulation in relation to their professional role as a teacher
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