12 research outputs found
Attributes influencing parental decision-making to receive the Tdap vaccine to reduce the risk of pertussis transmission to their newborn â outcome of a crosssectional conjoint experiment in Spain and Italy
Pertussis vaccination of parents and household contacts (âcocooningâ) to protect newborn infants is
an established strategy in many countries, although uptake may be low. Many aspects may influence
such decision-making. We conducted a cross-sectional survey (NCT01890447) of households and
other close contacts of newborns aged â€6 months (or of expectant mothers in their last trimester) in
Spain and Italy, using an adaptive discrete-choice experiment questionnaire. Aims were to assess the
relative importance of attributes influencing vaccine adoption, and to estimate variation in vaccine
adoption rates and the impact of cost on vaccination rates. Six hundred and fifteen participants
(Spain, n = 313; Italy, n = 302) completed the survey. Of 144 available questionnaire scenarios, the
most frequently selected (14% of respondents in both countries) were infant protection by household vaccination at vaccination center, recommendation by family physician and health authorities,
with information available on leaflets and websites. The attribute with highest median relative
importance was âreduction in source of infectionâ in Spain (23.1%) and âvaccination locationâ in
Italy (18.8%). Differences between other attributes were low in both countries, with media attributes
showing low importance. Over 80% of respondents indicated a definite or probable response to
vaccine adoption (at no-cost) with estimated probability of adoption of 89â98%; applying vaccine
costs (25⏠per person) would reduce the probability of uptake by 7â20% in definite/probable
respondents. Awareness of these determinants is helpful in informing Health Authorities and
healthcare practitioners implementing a cocooning strategy for those populations where maternal
immunization is not a preferred option
Attributes influencing parental decision-making to receive the Tdap vaccine to reduce the risk of pertussis transmission to their newborn - outcome of a cross-sectional conjoint experiment in Spain and Italy
Pertussis vaccination of parents and household contacts (âcocooningâ) to protect newborn infants is
an established strategy in many countries, although uptake may be low. Many aspects may influence
such decision-making. We conducted a cross-sectional survey (NCT01890447) of households and
other close contacts of newborns aged â€6 months (or of expectant mothers in their last trimester) in
Spain and Italy, using an adaptive discrete-choice experiment questionnaire. Aims were to assess the
relative importance of attributes influencing vaccine adoption, and to estimate variation in vaccine
adoption rates and the impact of cost on vaccination rates. Six hundred and fifteen participants
(Spain, n = 313; Italy, n = 302) completed the survey. Of 144 available questionnaire scenarios, the
most frequently selected (14% of respondents in both countries) were infant protection by household vaccination at vaccination center, recommendation by family physician and health authorities,
with information available on leaflets and websites. The attribute with highest median relative
importance was âreduction in source of infectionâ in Spain (23.1%) and âvaccination locationâ in
Italy (18.8%). Differences between other attributes were low in both countries, with media attributes
showing low importance. Over 80% of respondents indicated a definite or probable response to
vaccine adoption (at no-cost) with estimated probability of adoption of 89â98%; applying vaccine
costs (25⏠per person) would reduce the probability of uptake by 7â20% in definite/probable
respondents. Awareness of these determinants is helpful in informing Health Authorities an
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Dietary αâLinolenic Acid, Marine Ïâ3 Fatty Acids, and Mortality in a Population With High Fish Consumption: Findings From the PREvenciĂłn con DIeta MEDiterrĂĄnea (PREDIMED) Study
Background: Epidemiological evidence suggests a cardioprotective role of αâlinolenic acid (ALA), a plantâderived Ïâ3 fatty acid. It is unclear whether ALA is beneficial in a background of high marine Ïâ3 fatty acids (longâchain nâ3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) intake. In persons at high cardiovascular risk from Spain, a country in which fish consumption is customarily high, we investigated whether meeting the International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids recommendation for dietary ALA (0.7% of total energy) at baseline was related to allâcause and cardiovascular disease mortality. We also examined the effect of meeting the society's recommendation for longâchain nâ3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (â„500 mg/day). Methods and Results: We longitudinally evaluated 7202 participants in the PREvenciĂłn con DIeta MEDiterrĂĄnea (PREDIMED) trial. Multivariableâadjusted Cox regression models were fitted to estimate hazard ratios. ALA intake correlated to walnut consumption (r=0.94). During a 5.9ây followâup, 431 deaths occurred (104 cardiovascular disease, 55 coronary heart disease, 32 sudden cardiac death, 25 stroke). The hazard ratios for meeting ALA recommendation (n=1615, 22.4%) were 0.72 (95% CI 0.56â0.92) for allâcause mortality and 0.95 (95% CI 0.58â1.57) for fatal cardiovascular disease. The hazard ratios for meeting the recommendation for longâchain nâ3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n=5452, 75.7%) were 0.84 (95% CI 0.67â1.05) for allâcause mortality, 0.61 (95% CI 0.39â0.96) for fatal cardiovascular disease, 0.54 (95% CI 0.29â0.99) for fatal coronary heart disease, and 0.49 (95% CI 0.22â1.01) for sudden cardiac death. The highest reduction in allâcause mortality occurred in participants meeting both recommendations (hazard ratio 0.63 [95% CI 0.45â0.87]). Conclusions: In participants without prior cardiovascular disease and high fish consumption, dietary ALA, supplied mainly by walnuts and olive oil, relates inversely to allâcause mortality, whereas protection from cardiac mortality is limited to fishâderived longâchain nâ3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.Controlled-trials.com/. Unique identifier: ISRCTN35739639
Critical role for lipid raft-associated Src kinases in activation of P13K-Akt signalling
Lipid rafts are membrane microdomains distinct from caveolae, whose functions in polypeptide growth factor signalling remain unclear. Here we show that in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells, specific growth factor receptors such as c-Kit associate with lipid rafts and that these domains play a critical role in the activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signalling. The class IA p85/p110α associated with Src in lipid rafts and was activated by Src in vitro. Lipid raft integrity was essential for Src activation in response to stem cell factor (SCF) and raft disruption selectively inhibited activation of protein kinase B (PKB)/Akt in response to SCF stimulation. Moreover, inhibition of Src kinases blocked PKB/Akt activation and SCLC cell growth. The use of fibroblasts with targeted deletion of the Src family kinase genes confirmed the role of Src kinases in PKB/Akt activation by growth factor receptors. Moreover a constitutively activated mutant of Src also stimulated PI3K/Akt in lipid rafts, indicating that these microdomains play a role in oncogenic signalling.
Together our data demonstrate that lipid rafts play a key role in the activation of PI3K signalling by facilitating the interaction of Src with specific PI3K isoforms
Attributes influencing parental decision-making to receive the Tdap vaccine to reduce the risk of pertussis transmission to their newborn â outcome of a crosssectional conjoint experiment in Spain and Italy
Pertussis vaccination of parents and household contacts (âcocooningâ) to protect newborn infants is
an established strategy in many countries, although uptake may be low. Many aspects may influence
such decision-making. We conducted a cross-sectional survey (NCT01890447) of households and
other close contacts of newborns aged â€6 months (or of expectant mothers in their last trimester) in
Spain and Italy, using an adaptive discrete-choice experiment questionnaire. Aims were to assess the
relative importance of attributes influencing vaccine adoption, and to estimate variation in vaccine
adoption rates and the impact of cost on vaccination rates. Six hundred and fifteen participants
(Spain, n = 313; Italy, n = 302) completed the survey. Of 144 available questionnaire scenarios, the
most frequently selected (14% of respondents in both countries) were infant protection by household vaccination at vaccination center, recommendation by family physician and health authorities,
with information available on leaflets and websites. The attribute with highest median relative
importance was âreduction in source of infectionâ in Spain (23.1%) and âvaccination locationâ in
Italy (18.8%). Differences between other attributes were low in both countries, with media attributes
showing low importance. Over 80% of respondents indicated a definite or probable response to
vaccine adoption (at no-cost) with estimated probability of adoption of 89â98%; applying vaccine
costs (25⏠per person) would reduce the probability of uptake by 7â20% in definite/probable
respondents. Awareness of these determinants is helpful in informing Health Authorities and
healthcare practitioners implementing a cocooning strategy for those populations where maternal
immunization is not a preferred option
Mortalidad infantil en un hospital de nivel terciario. LimitaciĂłn de esfuerzo terapĂ©utico, correspondencia clĂnicoâpatolĂłgica y precisiĂłn diagnĂłstica
Potato consumption does not increase blood pressure or incident hypertension in 2 cohorts of Spanish adults
5 TablasBackground: Potatoes have a high glycemic load but also antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals. It is unclear what mechanisms are involved in relation to their effect on blood pressure (BP) and hypertension. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the association between potato consumption, BP changes, and the risk of hypertension in 2 Spanish populations. Methods: Separate analyses were performed in PREDIMED (PREvenciĂłn con DIeta MEDiterrĂĄnea), a multicenter nutrition intervention trial of adults aged 55-80 y, and the SUN (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra) project, a prospective cohort made up of university graduates and educated adults with ages (means±SDs) of 42.7±13.3 y for men and 35.1± 10.7 y for women. In PREDIMED, generalized estimating equations adjusted for lifestyle and dietary characteristics were used to assess changes in BP across quintiles of total potato consumption during a 4-y follow-up. Controlled BP values (systolic BP < 140 mm Hg and diastolic BP < 90 mm Hg) during follow-up were also assessed. For SUN, multivariateadjusted HRs for incident hypertension during a mean 6.7-y follow-up were calculated. Results: In PREDIMED, the total potato intake was 81.9 ± 40.6 g/d. No overall differences in systolic or diastolic BP changes were detected based on consumption of potatoes. For total potatoes, the mean difference in change between quintile 5 (highest intake) and quintile 1 (lowest intake) in systolic BP after multivariate adjustment was 20.90 mm Hg (95% CI: -2.56, 0.76 mm Hg; P-trend = 0.1) and for diastolic BP was 20.02 mm Hg (95% CI: -0.93, 0.89 mm Hg; P-trend = 0.8). In SUN, the total potato consumption was 52.7 ± 33.6 g/d, and no significant association between potato consumption and hypertension incidence was observed in the fully adjusted HR for total potato consumption (quintile 5 compared with quintile 1: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.80, 1.19; P-trend = 0.8). Conclusions: Potato consumption is not associated with changes over 4 y in blood pressure among older adults in Spain or with the risk of hypertension among Spanish adults.Supported by the official funding agency for biomedical research of the Spanish Government, Instituto de Salud Carlos III through grants provided to research networks specifically developed for the trial (RTIC G03/140, to RE; RTIC RD 06/0045, to MAM-G) and through Centro de InvestigaciĂłn BiomĂ©dica en Red de FisiopatologĂa de la Obesidad y NutriciĂłn (CIBERobn), and by grants from Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC 06/2007), Fondo de InvestigaciĂłn SanitariaâFondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional [Proyecto de InvestigaciĂłn (PI) 04-2239, PI 05/2584, CP06/00100, PI07/0240, PI07/1138, PI07/0954, PI 07/0473, PI10/01407, PI10/02658, PI11/01647, P11/02505 and PI13/00462], Ministerio de Ciencia e InnovaciĂłn [Recursos y teconologia agroalimentarias (AGL)-2009-13906-C02 and AGL2010-22319-C03 and AGL2013-49083-C3-1-R], FundaciĂłn Mapfre 2010, the ConsejerĂa de Salud de la Junta de AndalucĂa (PI0105/2007), the Public Health Division of the Department of Health of the Autonomous Government of Catalonia, Generalitat Valenciana [Generalitat Valenciana Ayuda Complementaria (GVACOMP) 06109, GVACOMP2010-181, GVACOMP2011-151], Conselleria de Sanitat y AP; AtenciĂłn Primaria (CS) 2010-AP-111 and CS2011-AP-042, and Regional Government of Navarra (P27/2011)
Dietary α-linolenic acid, marine Ï-3 fatty acids, and mortality in a population with high fish consumption: Findings from the PREvenciĂłn con DIeta MEDiterrĂĄnea (PREDIMED) Study
12 PĂĄginas.-- 6 Tablas.-- 1 FiguraBackground-Epidemiological evidence suggests a cardioprotective role of α-linolenic acid (ALA), a plant-derived Ï-3 fatty acid. It is unclear whether ALA is beneficial in a background of high marine Ï-3 fatty acids (long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) intake. In persons at high cardiovascular risk from Spain, a country in which fish consumption is customarily high, we investigated whether meeting the International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids recommendation for dietary ALA (0.7% of total energy) at baseline was related to all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. We also examined the effect of meeting the society's recommendation for long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (â„500 mg/day). Methods and Results-We longitudinally evaluated 7202 participants in the PREvenciĂłn con DIeta MEDiterrĂĄnea (PREDIMED) trial. Multivariable-adjusted Cox regressionmodels were fitted to estimate hazard ratios. ALA intake correlated towalnut consumption (r=0.94). During a 5.9-y follow-up, 431 deaths occurred (104 cardiovascular disease, 55 coronary heart disease, 32 sudden cardiac death, 25 stroke). The hazard ratios formeeting ALArecommendation (n=1615, 22.4%) were 0.72 (95% CI 0.56-0.92) for all-causemortality and 0.95 (95% CI 0.58-1.57) for fatal cardiovascular disease. The hazard ratios formeeting the recommendation for long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n=5452, 75.7%) were 0.84 (95% CI 0.67-1.05) for all-causemortality, 0.61 (95% CI 0.39-0.96) for fatal cardiovascular disease, 0.54 (95% CI 0.29-0.99) for fatal coronary heart disease, and 0.49 (95% CI 0.22-1.01) for sudden cardiac death. The highest reduction in all-cause mortality occurred in participants meeting both recommendations (hazard ratio 0.63 [95% CI 0.45-0.87]). Conclusions-In participants without prior cardiovascular disease and high fish consumption, dietary ALA, supplied mainly by walnuts and olive oil, relates inversely to all-cause mortality, whereas protection from cardiac mortality is limited to fish-derived long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.This study was funded in part by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (Spanish Ministry of Economy) through grants RTIC G03/140, RTIC RD 06/0045, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares CNIC 06/2007, ISCIII FIS PS09/01292, the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) AGL2010â22319âC03â02 and AGL2009â13906âC02â02, and an unrestricted grant from the California Walnut Commission. SalaâVila holds a Miguel Servet I fellowship from the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the ISCIII