Accuracy of defect distributions measured by bias dependent admittance spectroscopy on thin film solar cells

Thin film solar cells have achieved efficiencies up to 20%. Despite these excellent results, the understanding of the underlying mechanisms and the influence of defects on their performance is still incomplete. In thin film solar cells often defect level distributions are present rather than discrete defects. These distributions can be calculated from admittance measurements, however several assumptions are needed which hinder an exact defect density determination. By performing the measurements under different bias voltage conditions the accuracy of the method can be improved and assessed. This is illustrated with measurements on a flexible thin film Cu(In,Ga)Se2- based (CIGS) solar cell

Modelling thin film solar cells with graded band gap

This paper discusses how graded absorber structures in CIGS-based solar cell can be studied using the numerical simulation tool SCAPS. A model will be built for an AVANCIS solar cell with double grading which is produced with the laboratory line process. We will first discuss how literature and measurement data should be used to start the buildup of the model and afterwards give an illustration how the model then still has to be optimized. We will draw special attention to the consequences of a graded structure on the model. Moreover, we will show how one can discern the real grading benefit by comparison with a uniform reference model

DNA methylation profiling of primary neuroblastoma tumors using methyl-CpG-binding domain sequencing

Comprehensive genome-wide DNA methylation studies in neuroblastoma (NB), a childhood tumor that originates from precursor cells of the sympathetic nervous system, are scarce. Recently, we profiled the DNA methylome of 102 well-annotated primary NB tumors by methyl-CpG-binding domain (MBD) sequencing, in order to identify prognostic biomarker candidates. In this data descriptor, we give details on how this data set was generated and which bioinformatics analyses were applied during data processing. Through a series of technical validations, we illustrate that the data are of high quality and that the sequenced fragments represent methylated genomic regions. Furthermore, genes previously described to be methylated in NB are confirmed. As such, these MBD sequencing data are a valuable resource to further study the association of NB risk factors with the NB methylome, and offer the opportunity to integrate methylome data with other -omic data sets on the same tumor samples such as gene copy number and gene expression, also publically available

LES DETERMINANTS DE L'IMPLICATION MECENIQUE DES ENTREPRISES : UN TEST DE LA THEORIE DES PARTIES PRENANTES

Cet article présente une recherche sur les déterminants du mécénat d'entreprise, identifié comme stratégie de diffusion d'informations sociétales. Plus précisément, nous proposons un modèle inspiré de celui de Ullmann (1985) comportant quatre dimensions, relevant des théories des parties prenantes et de la légitimité. Ce modèle est testé sur 77 entreprises mécènesresponsabilité sociétale ; théorie de la légitimité ; théorie des parties prenantes

Construction d'un indice de réputation sociétale et application empirique

L'article a pour objet de présenter une recherche dans le cadre de la comptabilité sociétale. Nous proposons une échelle de mesure de la responsabilité sociétale des entreprises à travers leurs actions de mécénat. L'outil est ensuite appliqué à un échantillon de 75 entreprises françaises mécènes et permet le test de deux hypothèses relatives à la théorie de la légitimité.comptabilité sociétale; responsabilité sociétale ; théorie de la légitimité

Quine’s ideological debacle

In two papers in the mid-seventies, Quine has discussed an ontological deba-cle, the reduction of ontology to an ontology of pure sets only. This debacle, which weakened Quine’s interest in ontology, is the natural outcome of on-tological relativity, or, more precisely, the proxy-function argument. It is ex-plained how Quine unavoidably came to this conclusion. Moreover, it is ar-gued that the result is even more damaging for Quine’s philosophy than has hitherto been assumed. It is shown that in addition to an ontological debacle, there is an ideological debacle, reducing the ideology (lexicon) of science to the ideology of set theory. The ideological debacle results from applying ex-tensional substitution of predicates within a scientific theory that is reinter-preted by means of proxy-functions to a theory with a set-theoretic ontology. Though Quine has recognized the possibility of an ideological debacle, his rebuttal is unconvincing. As a result, his tenet of extensionalism is under heavy pressure

Electrical characterization of P3HT:PCBM organic solar cells by admittance spectroscopy: defect investigation

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