Testicular Histomorphometry And Ultrastructure Of Rats Treated With Cadmium And Ginkgo Biloba

The aim of this study is to investigate the association of a single low dose of Cd and daily doses of Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) on the testis and accessory glands of rats. The animals were treated with a single dose of 3 μmol/kg body weight of cadmium chloride (CdCl 2) and/or 100 mg/kg body weight of GbE. The plasma testosterone levels; corporal, testicular, and accessory glands weight; gonadosomatic index, volumetric proportion; and absolute volume of testicular components did not change after the treatments. CdCl 2 caused significant reduction in Leydig cells volume and altered Leydig cell morphology, as well as vacuolated Sertoli cells cytoplasm, irregular chromatin condensation of late spermatids, and modified acrosome formation. However, animals that received GbE did not show these alterations. 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Green Brazilian Propolis Effects On Sperm Count And Epididymis Morphology And Oxidative Stress

Basal generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is essential for male reproductive function, whereas high ROS levels may be linked to low quality of sperm and male infertility. The number of antioxidants known to inflict damage is growing, and it will be of interest to study natural products, which may have this activity. Since the epididymis is known to play an important role in providing the microenvironment for sperm maturation and storage of sperm, this study was undertaken to evaluate the morphometric-stereological and functional alterations in the epididymis after chronic treatment with low doses of Brazilian green propolis, which is known for its antioxidant properties. For this purpose, forty-eight adult male Wistar rats were treated with 3, 6 and 10. mg/kg/day of aqueous extract of Brazilian green propolis during 56. days and morphological parameters, sperm production and number of sperm in rat epididymis and oxidative stress levels were analyzed. The results showed higher sperm production and greater epithelium height of the epididymis initial segment and no induction of oxidative stress in treated animals. Further studies are needed to fully understand the effects of propolis on the reproductive system but our results showed that it could alter male reproductive function. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.501139563962Abdallah, F.B., Protective role of caffeic acid on lambda cyhalothrin-induced changes in sperm characteristics and testicular oxidative damage in rats (2011) Toxicol. Ind. HealthAebi, H., (1974) Methods in Enzymatic Analysis, 2, pp. 674-684. , Academic press, New YorkAitken, R.J., Epididymal cell types and their functions (2002) Active Oxygen in Spermatozoa during Epididymal Transit, pp. 435-447. , Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishersds, New York, B. Robaire, B.T. Hinton (Eds.)Alencar, S.M., Composição química de Baccharis dracunculifolia (2005) Ciência Rural, 35, pp. 909-915Allameh, A., Vansoun, E.Y., Zarghi, A., Role of glutathione conjugation in protection of weanling rat liver against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity (1997) Mech. Ageing Dev., 95 (1-2), pp. 71-79Aly, H.A.A., Domenech, O., Banjar, Z.M., Effect of nonylphenol on male reproduction: analysis of rat epididymal biochemical markers and antioxidant defense enzymes (2012) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 261, pp. 134-141Arivarasu, N.A., Priyamvada, S., Mahmood, R., Caffeic acid inhibits chromium(VI)-induced oxidative stress and changes in brush border membrane enzymes in rat intestine (2012) Biol. Trace Elem. Res.Buege, J.A., Aust, S.D., Microssomal lipid peroxidation (1978) Methods Enzymol., 52, pp. 302-310Burdock, G.A., Review of the biological properties and toxicity of Bee Propolis (Propolis) (1998) Food Chem. Toxicol., 36, pp. 347-363Cornwall, G.A., New insights into epididymal biology and function (2009) Hum. Reprod., 15, pp. 213-227Dada, R., Epigenetics and its role in male infertility (2012) J. Assist. Reprod. Genet., 29 (3), pp. 213-223Ellman, G.L., Tissue sulphydril groups (1959) Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 82, pp. 70-77ElMazoudy, R.H., Attia, A.A., El-Shenawy, N.S., Protective role of propolis against reproductive toxicity of chlorpyrifos in male rats (2011) Pestic. Biochem. Physiol., pp. 175-181Garcia, P.V., Morphometric-stereological and functional epididymal alterations and a decrease in fertility in rats treated with finasteride and after a 30-day post-treatment recovery period (2012) Fertil. Steril., 97 (6)Gornall, A.G., Bardawill, C.J., David, M.M., Determination of serum proteins by means of the biuret reaction (1949) J. Biol. Chem., 177 (2), pp. 751-766Goyal, A., The effects of dietary lycopene supplementation on human seminal plasma (2007) BJU Int., 99 (6), pp. 1456-1460Hermo, L., Robaire, B., Epididymal cell types and their functions (2002) The epididymis - from Molecules to Clinical Practices, pp. 81-102. , Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishersds, New York, B. Robaire, B.T. Hinton (Eds.)Jarvi, K., Hairless or fertile? Finasteride leads to epididymal changes and infertility in rats (2012) Fertil. Steril., 97 (6), p. 1298Jasprica, I., In vivo study of propolis supplementation effects on antioxidative status and red blood cells (2007) J. Ethnopharmacol., 110, pp. 548-554Kempinas, W.G., Rat epididymal sperm quantity, quality and transit time after guanethidine-induced sympathectomy (1998) Biol. Reprod., 59, pp. 890-896Mani, F., Propolis: effect of different concentrations, extracts and intake period on seric biochemical variables (2006) J. 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Erratum To: Hepatoprotective Effect Of Arctium Lappa Root Extract On Cadmium Toxicity In Adult Wistar Rats (biological Trace Element Research (2014) 160, (250-257) Doi: 10.1007/s12011-014-0040-6)

[No abstract available]160345

Hepatoprotective Effect Of Arctium Lappa Root Extract On Cadmium Toxicity In Adult Wistar Rats

This study was performed to determine the effects of Arctium lappa (Al) to protect against cadmium damage in the rat liver. Male rats received a single i.p. dose of CdCl2 (1.2 mg/kg body weight (BW)) with or without Al extract administered daily by gavage (300 mg/kg BW) for 7 or 56 days. After 7 days, Al caused plasma transaminase activity to diminish in groups Al (glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT)) and CdAl (GPT). After 56 days, GOT and GPT plasma activities were reduced in the Cd group. No alteration in plasma levels of creatinine, total bilirubin, and total protein were observed. GOT liver activity increased in the Cd group. No alteration was observed in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and malondialdehyde (MDA) dosage. In the Cd group, hepatocyte proportion decreased and sinusoid capillary proportion increased. In the Al and CdAl groups, the nuclear proportion increased and the cytoplasmic proportion decreased. The hepatocyte nucleus density reduced in Cd and increased in the Al group. After 56 days, there was no alteration in the Cd group. In Al and CdAl groups, the nuclear proportion increased without cytoplasmic proportion variation, but the sinusoid capillary proportion was reduced. The hepatocyte nucleus density decreased in the Cd group and increased in the Al and CdAl groups. 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Investigation of liver tissue and biochemical parameters of adult wistar rats treated with Arctium lappa L.

This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of Arctium lappa L. (burdock) on the liver of adult male Wistar rats as measured by light microscopy and biochemical parameters. The rats received the extract in water bottles at doses of 10 or 20 g/L daily for 40 days. There were no significant changes in the plasma levels of albumin, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), total protein, total cholesterol, urea, uric acid, triacylglycerol, calcium, phosphorus, chlorine and direct bilirubin. The morphological analysis did not reveal histopathological alterations in liver tissue. Both biochemical and morphological data did not indicate A. lappa toxicity.<br>A bardana (Arctium lappa L) é uma planta trazida do Japão e aclimatada no Brasil, e é extensamente utilizada na medicina popular em todo mundo. Este estudo foi realizado para avaliar os possíveis efeitos da A. lappa no fígado e nos parâmetros bioquímicos plasmáticos em ratos Wistar adultos. Estes receberam a infusão de bardana nas doses de 10 ou 20 g de folhas secas /L de água, por 40 dias. Não houve alteração significativa nos níveis plasmáticos de albumina, aspartato transaminase (AST), alanina transaminase (ALT), gamma glutamil transferase (GGT), proteínas totais, colesterol total, uréia, ácido úrico, triglicérides, cálcio, fósforo, bilirrubina direta e cloro. A análise morfológica não revelou alterações histopatológicas no fígado. Os dados bioquímicos e morfológicos não indicaram a toxicidade da bardana