186 research outputs found
Darning Markâs Jumper: Wearing Love and Sorrow
Some garments demand a narrative of their own. Such was the case with a jumper that I darned for my partner in the winter of 2010. The jumper was old and moth-eaten; Mark was gravely ill with only a few months left to live. In the process of darning, each stitch was an act of love, each passage of the needle restoring something that had been eaten away.This article explores the multiple levels of meaning that run through the narrative I have woven around darning Markâs jumper â an irreplaceable garment â at once priceless but worthless, worn but unwearable, empty yet embodied. It explores the concept of the fetish and draws on Igor Kopytoffâs analysis of our relationship to commodities and things in the modern, capitalist economy, where discarding and replacing old clothes with new is the default option. The theoretical heart of this paper, however, lies with Elizabeth Wilsonâs writings on the âquasi-magical properties and meaningsâ of a garment and with the work of Peter Stallybrass, who has written brilliantly on how in moments of crisis, in the ruptures of our lives, in mourning, it is to these irrational attachments that we turn.
Carbon market and climate negotiations.
In the wake of the Copenhagen Conference and the outstanding issue of shaping climate change mitigation for the period beyond that covered by the Kyoto protocol, this paper puts into context the various economic instruments available fot tackling climate change, and highlights the emergence, as a result of the framework of instruments provided by the Kyoto protocol, of carbon markets, (...)Economic instruments; Climate change; CO2; Carbon markets; Post-Kyoto;
The European Carbon Market in Action: Lessons from the First Trading Period Interim Report
Abstract and PDF report are also available on the MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change website (http://globalchange.mit.edu/).The European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) is the largest greenhouse gas market ever established. The European Union is leading the world's first effort to mobilize market forces to tackle climate change. A precise analysis of the EU ETS's performance is essential to its success, as well as to that of future trading programs. The research program "The European Carbon Market in Action: Lessons from the First Trading Period," aims to provide such an analysis. It was launched at the end of 2006 by an international team led by Frank Convery, Christian De Perthuis and Denny Ellerman. This interim report presents the researchers' findings to date. It was prepared after the research program's second workshop, held in Washington DC in January 2008. The first workshop was held in Paris in April 2007. Two additional workshops will be held in Prague in June 2008 and in Paris in September 2008. The researchers' complete analysis will be published at the beginning of 2009.The research program âThe European Carbon Market in Action: Lessons from the First Trading Periodâ has been made possible thanks to the support of: Doris Duke Charitable Foundation, BlueNext, EDF, Euronext, Orbeo, Suez, Total, Veolia
Darning Markâs jumper : wearing love and sorrow
Some garments demand a narrative of their own. Such was the case with a jumper that I darned for my partner in the winter of 2010. The jumper was old and moth-eaten; Mark was gravely ill with only a few months left to live. In the process of darning, each stitch was an act of love, each passage of the needle restoring something that had been eaten away. This article explores the multiple levels of meaning that run through the narrative I have woven around darning Markâs jumper â an irreplaceable garment â at once priceless but worthless, worn but unwearable, empty yet embodied. It explores the concept of the fetish and draws on Igor Kopytoffâs analysis of our relationship to commodities and things in the modern, capitalist economy, where discarding and replacing old clothes with new is the default option. The theoretical heart of this paper, however, lies with Elizabeth Wilsonâs writings on the âquasi-magical properties and meaningsâ of a garment and with the work of Peter Stallybrass, who has written brilliantly on how in moments of crisis, in the ruptures of our lives, in mourning, it is to these irrational attachments that we turn
Quel avenir pour la taxe carbone en France ? les choix Ă©conomiques aprĂšs la censure du Conseil Constitutionnel.
Lâarticulation entre une taxe carbone nationale et le systĂšme europĂ©en dâĂ©change de quotas pose de fait une double difficultĂ© : il faut faire coexister un mĂ©canisme de tarification du carbone par le marchĂ© avec un mĂ©canisme de tarification par lâimpĂŽt ; il faut simultanĂ©ment faire converger des rĂšgles europĂ©ennes rĂ©gissant le marchĂ© avec des rĂšgles nationales. Pour y parvenir, il est utile de rappeler comment fonctionnent les mĂ©canismes existants et les choix retenus par les pays ayant rĂ©ussi Ă faire coexister une axe nationale avec le systĂšme europĂ©en des quotas de CO2. Câest ce que fait cet article avant dâexaminer les diffĂ©rentes pistes permettant de sortir de la situation actuelle.Politique fiscale; Taxe sur le dioxyde de carbone; Permis de pollution nĂ©gociables;
Designing climate change adaptation policies : an economic framework
Adaptation has long been neglected in the debate and policies surrounding climate change. However, increasing awareness of climate change has led many stakeholders to look for the best way to limit its consequences and has resulted in a large number of initiatives related to adaptation, particularly at the local level. This report proposes a general economic framework to help stakeholders in the public sector to develop effective adaptation strategies. To do so, it lays out the general issues involved in adaptation, including the role of uncertainty and inertia, and the need to consider structural changes in addition to marginal adjustments. Then, it identifies the reasons for legitimate public action in terms of adaptation, and four main domains of action: the production and dissemination of information on climate change and its impacts; the adaptation of standards, regulations and fiscal policies; the required changes in institutions; and direct adaptation actions of governments and local communities in terms of public infrastructure, public buildings and ecosystems. Finally, the report suggests a method to build public adaptation plans and to assess the desirability of possible policies.Climate Change Economics,Wetlands,Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases,Adaptation to Climate Change,Science of Climate Change
Pourquoi lâeurope a besoin dâune banque centrale du carbone ?.
Dans cette contribution, nous examinons les voies dâun renforcement de la rĂ©gulation du marchĂ© europĂ©en du carbone, outil central retenu par lâUnion europĂ©enne pour atteindre ses objectifs climatiques et Ă ce jour premier systĂšme dâĂ©change de permis au monde. Un tel renforcement implique une harmonisation et une centralisation plus poussĂ©es des fonctions classiques de surveillance dâun marchĂ© (sĂ©curitĂ© des infrastructures, transparence de lâinformation, traque des positions dominantes, âŠ), difficiles Ă mettre en Ćuvre dans le contexte institutionnel europĂ©en. Mais pour envoyer un signal permettant dâorienter lâĂ©conomie sur la cible dâune rĂ©duction par cinq des Ă©missions europĂ©ennes Ă lâhorizon 2050, il faudrait aller plus loin : crĂ©er un organisme indĂ©pendant sur le modĂšle dâune banque centrale avec une capacitĂ© dâintervention et une crĂ©dibilitĂ© suffisantes pour modifier les anticipations des industriels afin quâils rĂ©alisent aujourdâhui les investissements nĂ©cessaires pour mettre lâĂ©conomie europĂ©enne sur la voie de la dĂ©carbonation.MarchĂ©s du carbone; Union europĂ©enne; banque centrale du carbone;
Dying to be born again: Mortality, immortality and the fashion model
The primary focus of this thesis is limited to the relationship between sartorial fashion and the fashion model within the world of representation. This includes the forms of fashion display and dissemination that existed prior to the establishment of the modern fashion systemâfashion dolls, fashion plates and illustration and the mannequin de mondeâas well as the fields where the fashion model as a modern phenomenon came into beingâfashion photography and the fashion parade. While the portrait of feminine beauty and ideals in the fashion image betrays the imprint of the representation of the female body in art, pornography and the entertainment industries, this thesis argues for a reading of the fashion image and the fashion model specifically through the prism of fashion which, as a quasi-autonomous system, operates according to its own rules and has its own mode of being. Since its inception, fashion has frustrated its critics and delighted its proponents with a nonchalant rejection of the creations it had hitherto enthroned as essential. This dedication to perpetual change and the ephemeralâthe âdeath-wishâ that ensures the continuation of fashion as a structure even as individual fashions are discardedâhas fascinated both those who have seriously contemplated fashion and those who document the vicissitudes of fashionâs creations. For its critics, the sin fashion commits in refusing to manifest itself in a permanent form of beauty is compounded by its perceived attacks upon the body, cloaking it in a layer of artifice that distorts it into âunnaturalâ forms. This imposition by fashion on the body made from flesh and blood is never fully realised. Rather it is only on the body in representation that fashion can begin to escape the limitations imposed upon it by the human form and give full reign to its creative impulse. In the fashion image the fundamental principles of fashionâchange and artificeâare metaphorically expressed by the interplay of mortality and immortality on the body of the model which, ultimately, serves as the blank canvas where fashion is free to invent its imaginary self
Les maladies de type pourriture du coeur du palmier Ă huile en Equateur. Rapport de mission Ă Shushufindi (Palmeras del Ecuador), 16 mars - 31 mars 1998
Les objectifs de la mission étaient les suivants : confirmer l'existence d'une maladie différente de la pourriture du coeur affectant la plantation de palmiers, Palmeras Del Ecuador à Shushufindi, en observer la progression, émettre un avis sur ses causes possibles, observer également l'état actuel du développement de la pourriture du coeur et proposer des observations et des expérimentations qui prennent en compte l'ensemble des maladies. Outre les cas de pourriture du coeur, des foyers de palmiers sont effectivement affectés par des symptÎmes de raccourcissements foliaires, nécroses de folioles et chloroses. Du fait de ces symtÎmes, la nouvelle maladie semble une maladie systémique. La présence de nécroses vasculaires et de champignons dans les stipes de palmiers sains ou non attire l'attention. On ne peut totalement écarte un lien avec les maladie
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