O desenvolvimento pesqueiro mundial, a variabilidade dos recursos e a gestão

FAO regularly releases studies on the state of fish resources exploitation (The state of world fisheries and aquaculture)and the development of fisheries by geographic areas. The 1983 and 1985 editions provided interesting discussions on fisheries development trends in the world: the majority of sea-facing countries adopted legislation that extends the national jurisdiction on the waters off their coasts (usually indicated within 200 miles) and establishes exclusive economic zones (EEZs). The huge fluctuations in the abundance of some fish stocks are obstacles to fisheries development. This issue, as well as the need to improve research activities and management of fish stocks is also analyzed in this work. The author highlighted the situation of fisheries in the Western Indian Ocean, with particular attention to tuna fisheries and to inland water resources of Mozambique

Growth of the buccaneer anchovy Encrasicholina punctifer off Mozambique, based on samples collected in research surveys

Growth of Encrasicholina punctifer (Engraulididae) is estimated, based on samples obtained during five surveys on Sofala Bank (central Mozambique). The estimated values of the von Bertalanffy growth function, TL∞=12 cm and K=2.0 yearˉ¹ are compared with results of growth studies elsewhere in the Indo-Pacific region, based mainly on the index Φ=log(sub)10 K+2*log(sub)10L∞ assumed to be constant within species. This comparison is rendered difficult by the uncertain taxonomical status of stolephorid anchovies

A Method to Discriminate Species From Hydroacoustic Fish Sampling Systems.

Samples of species and size composition obtained by trawling were matched with the corresponding echo-distributions from two hydroacoustic and trawl surveys in the western Indian Ocean, off Mozambique, and in two surveys in the northern Gulf of Mexico. In the Mozambique surveys, a Simrad EY-M echosounder was used and the data was analyzed by applying the Craig & Forbes algorithm. In the Gulf of Mexico surveys, a BioSonics Dual-beam System (Model 102 echosounder, ESP echo-integrator, and ESP dual-beam processor) was used. The results obtained show that, provided that a particular hydroacoustic and trawl sample yielded a stable size-distribution of the fish species present in the area and a stable TS-distribution of individual echoes, the match of the mean values of normal components of each distribution is achieved. The match was sought by calculating the beta coefficient from the simplified Love\u27s equation (TS = 20 x log10 Length -- beta) and comparing the obtained value with published results for similar species. A number of individual matches for the same species was then used to estimate the equations relating fish size and target strength for individual species in these multispecies ecosystems. This was achieved by testing the fit of the individual data pairs to linear regression models, both in the form of the simplified Love\u27s equation, through a restricted regression with slope = 20, and on its generalized form (TS = m x log10 Length -- beta.) The models produced for the different species were also tested for differences among them and were found to be significantly different. Equations relating target strength and fish size were adopted as representative for three species from the northern Gulf of Mexico, the round herring, Etrumeus teres, the Gulf butterfish, Peprilus burti, and the chub mackerel, Scomber japonicus, and for one species from the western Indian Ocean, the Indian pellona, Pellona ditchella . In addition, one observation on the relationship between target strength and length of the round herring from Mozambique was found to fit the model adopted for the same species in the Gulf of Mexico

Outros recursos marinhos

The paper describes marine fish resources living in Mozambican waters. Resource data on distribution areas, reproduction, age, growth and stock size are described. Actual price of the commercially exploited stocks are also given. The problems involving the assessment of catch areas are discussed

Identity, Positioning, Brand Image and Brand Equity Comparison.

The management of marketing has as presupposition the understanding of the relations between market and consumption, as well as, the concepts related to the maximization of the results of the company. In this way, an article was elaborated in search of the understanding of the existing relations between brand identity, positioning, brand image and brand equity. In this context, qualitative-quantitative research was sought to describe the existing relationships between concepts, as well as the conceptual and managerial gaps arising from their management. As a result of this work we have the analysis of the conceptual and operational gaps of these concepts

Markov-switching models : empirical applications using classical and Bayesian inference

In this thesis, we present three empirical applications on finance and macroeconomics. The general modeling framework in all chapters is based on extensions of the Markov-switching model. And the statistical methodology is divided into two distinct areas; Classical and Bayesian inference.1 In the first one, we test for the presence of duration dependence in the Brazilian business cycle. The main results indicated that as the recession ages, the probability of a transition into an expansion increases (positive duration dependence in recessions). On the other hand, as the expansions ages, the probability of a transition into a recession decreases (negative duration dependence in expansions). In the second paper, we extend the research concerned with the evaluation of alternative volatility modeling and forecasting methods for Bitcoin log-returns. The in-sample estimates suggest evidence of long memory in the data series. When performing one-day ahead Value-at-Risk (VaR), our results outperform all standard single-regime GARCH models considered in the study. Finally, in the third paper, we capture different regimes in Bitcoin volatility returns and test the mean-reversion hypothesis for multi-period returns. In general, we found evidence of mean-aversion for different holding returns. We also confirmed this result for alternative specifications and also carrying the analysis for sub-sample periods

To be or to consume? That is the question: Semiotics Analysis of Advertisements of largest Retail Supermarkets in Brazil

The study of representations and images involved in advertising campaigns is a recurrent resource of marketing managers. Therefore, understanding and analyzing advertisements and their semiotics becomes an important source of research. In this context, the following research problem arises: what are the complementarity, contrariety and contradiction relations that carry the advertisements of supermarket retailers? Thus, the main objective is to analyze semiotic advertising of national supermarket chains through the constitution of a semiotic square. For that, the greimasian methodology (Greimas, 1973) was used, which sustains a generative path of meaning, where the relations existing between the signifiers produce signification. We investigated the advertisements of the largest retail supermarket brands in Brazil, by price, product and people variables. Thus, the semiotic square was created for the advertising of supermarket retailers in Brazil

Segunda opinião formativa: a notificação de casos de HIV é obrigatória?

Os profissionais de saúde dos serviços públicos e privados devem notificar regularmente às autoridades de saúde os casos de infecção por HIV, a partir de confirmação de diagnóstico desde 2014. Os profissionais de saúde terão que notificar todos os casos de aids em adultos e crianças, mesmo que tenham sido comunicados anteriormente com infecção pelo HIV. A partir de agora, terão que ser notificados os portadores por HIV e as pessoas que vivem com AIDS.1. ed

Segunda opinião formativa: qual a importância da vacina H1N1?

A influenza é uma doença respiratória infecciosa de origem viral, a proposta da vacinação é de evitar ou diminuir o número de internações e mortes substancialmente, não só pela infecção primária, mas também por infecções secundárias.Texto: 1. e

Segunda opinião formativa: qual a conduta para um caso de contactantes domiciliares de um paciente que já está tratamento para hanseníase?

A Hanseníase é uma doença infecciosas crônica de importância para a saúde pública, tendo o Mycobacterium leprae como agente etiológico. O paciente que está sendo tratado deixa de transmitir a doença. É considerado contato intradomiciliar toda e qualquer pessoa que resida ou tenha residido com o doente de hanseníase nos últimos cinco anos.1. ed