Caracterização molecular de microorganismos do ecossistema agricola do cerrado. III. Acremonium strictum.

bitstream/CNPMS/16486/1/Com_69.pd

Use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in cancer patients. An italian multicenter survey

INTRODUCTION: Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) include a wide range of products (herbs, vitamins, minerals, and probiotics) and medical practices, developed outside of the mainstream Western medicine. Patients with cancer are more likely to resort to CAM first or then in their disease history; the potential side effects as well as the costs of such practices are largely underestimated. PATIENTS AND METHOD: We conducted a descriptive survey in five Italian hospitals involving 468 patients with different malignancies. The survey consisted of a forty-two question questionnaire, patients were eligible if they were Italian-speaking and receiving an anticancer treatment at the time of the survey or had received an anticancer treatment no more than three years before participating in the survey. RESULTS: Of our patients, 48.9% said they use or have recently used CAM. The univariate analysis showed that female gender, high education, receiving treatment in a highly specialized institute and receiving chemotherapy are associated with CAM use; at the multivariate analysis high education (Odds Ratio, (OR): 1.96 95% Confidence Interval, CI, 1.27-3.05) and receiving treatment in a specialized cancer center (OR: 2.75 95% CI, 1.53-4.94) were confirmed as risk factors for CAM use. CONCLUSION: Roughly half of our patients receiving treatment for cancer use CAM. It is necessary that health professional explore the use of CAM with their cancer patients, educate them about potentially beneficial therapies in light of the limited available evidence of effectiveness, and work towards an integrated model of health-care provision

Caracterização molecular de microrganismos isolados do ecossistema agrícola do cerrado. I. Bactérias endofíticas do milho.

bitstream/CNPMS/16147/1/Com_66.pd

Caracterização molecular de microrganismos do ecossistema agrícola do cerrado. II. Colletotrichum graminicola.

bitstream/CNPMS/16149/1/Com_68.pd

CXCR3 identifies human naive CD8+ T cells with enhanced effector differentiation potential

In mice, the ability of naive T (TN) cells to mount an effector response correlates with TCR sensitivity for self-derived Ags, which can be quantified indirectly by measuring surface expression levels of CD5. Equivalent findings have not been reported previously in humans. We identified two discrete subsets of human CD8+ TN cells, defined by the absence or presence of the chemokine receptor CXCR3. The more abundant CXCR3+ TN cell subset displayed an effector-like transcriptional profile and expressed TCRs with physicochemical characteristics indicative of enhanced interactions with peptide-HLA class I Ags.Moreover, CXCR3+ TN cells frequently produced IL-2 and TNF in response to nonspecific activation directly ex vivo and differentiated readily into Ag-specific effector cells in vitro. Comparative analyses further revealed that human CXCR3+ TN cells were transcriptionally equivalent to murine CXCR3+ TN cells, which expressed high levels of CD5. These findings provide support for the notion that effector differentiation is shaped by heterogeneity in the preimmune repertoire of human CD8+ T cells

Phase 1/2 study of weekly carfilzomib, cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone in newly diagnosed transplant-ineligible myeloma

This multicentre, open-label phase 1/2 trial determined safety and efficacy of weekly carfilzomib plus cyclophosphamide-dexamethasone (wKCyd) in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients aged ≥65 years or transplant ineligible. Patients received wKCyd for up to nine 28-day cycles, followed by maintenance with carfilzomib until progression/intolerance. The phase 1 portion used a 3+3 dose-escalation scheme to determine the maximum tolerated dose of weekly carfilzomib: 12 patients received wKCyd with carfilzomib doses of 45, 56 and 70 mg/m 2. The recommended phase 2 dose was established at 70 mg/m 2 and 54 patients (phase 1 and 2) received weekly carfilzomib 70 mg/m 2: 85% of them achieved ≥partial response (PR), 66% ≥very good PR, 30%≥near-complete response (CR) and 15% CR. Responses improved in 40 patients who started maintenance: 98% achieved ≥PR, including 29% CR and 10% stringent CR. After a median follow-up of 18 months, the 2-year progression-free survival and overall survival rates were 53.2% and 81%, respectively. The most frequent grade 3-5 toxicities were neutropenia (22%) and cardiopulmonary adverse events (9%). This is the first study of weekly carfilzomib plus an alkylating agent in elderly patients with NDMM. wKCyd was effective, with an acceptable risk/benefit ratio, and thus can be a valid option in this setting

Desenvolvimento de marcador molecular para Bacillus subtilis utilizando proteomics.

bitstream/CNPMS/16148/1/Com_67.pd

Bioquímica molecular como ferramenta para conservação e uso da biodiversidade agrícola tropical: desenvolvimento de marcador imunoquímico para identificação da bactérias endofíticas do milho.

Marcadores moleculares estão sendo amplamente utilizados na agricultura. Entre as várias aplicações práticas, destacam-se a identificação de raças, linhagens e estirpes, eliminação de réplicas em bancos de germoplasma, identificação de genes associados com a performance da planta, entre outros. Em todos esses casos, a definição da estratégia que deverá ser adotada precisa considerar os custos para a obtenção dos marcadores. Ênfase crescente tem sido dada para identificar marcadores menos onerosos. Marcadores bioquímicos constituem um tipo especial de marcador molecular que se caracteriza pela análise do produto da expressão gênica. Destacam-se dois tipos principais: isoenzimas e proteínas. Esses marcadores também são definidos como marcadores fenotípicos, pois podem resultar da interação genótipo/ambiente. Embora de aplicação limitada, o uso desses marcadores em algumas áreas ou em casos especiais fornece informações seguras e úteis para a identificação de indivíduos. Recentemente, as técnicas de SDS-PAGE, RAPD-PCR, ARDRA e seqüenciamento de genes ribossomais foram empregadas no Laboratório de Bioquímica Molecular de Microrganismos da Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, para identificar bactérias endofíticas isoladas do milho. Naquele estudo, foi verificada, em todos os isolados, a presença de um polipeptídio de aproximadamente 42 kDa e cuja expressão era bastante elevada. O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu em aprofundar os estudos sobre o polipeptídio de 42 kDa, visando o desenvolvimento de marcadores imunoquímicos para identificar e estudar a dinâmica de colonização bactérias endofíticas em plantas de milho.bitstream/CNPMS/18461/1/Bol_02.pd

Outcome of paraosseous extra-medullary disease in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients treated with new drugs

Extramedullary disease is relatively frequent in multiple myeloma, but our knowledge on the subject is limited and mainly relies on small case series or single center experiences. Little is known regarding the role of new drugs in this setting. We performed a meta-analysis of eight trials focused on the description of extramedullary disease characteristics, clinical outcome, and response to new drugs. A total of 2,332 newly diagnosed myeloma patients have been included; 267 (11.4%) had extramedullary disease, defined as paraosseous in 243 (10.4%), extramedullary plasmocytoma in 12 (0.5%), and not classified in 12 (0.5%) patients. Median progression-free survival was 25.3 months and 25.2 in extramedullary disease and non-extramedullary disease patients, respectively. In multivariate analysis the presence of extramedullary disease did not impact on progression-free survival (hazard ratio 1.15, P=0.06), while other known prognostic factors retained their significance. Patients treated with immunomodulatory drugs, mainly lenalidomide, or proteasome inhibitors had similar progression-free survival and progression-free survival-2 regardless of extramedullary disease presence. Median overall survival was 63.5 months and 79.9 months (P=0.01) in extramedullary and non-extramedullary disease patients, respectively, and in multivariate analysis the presence of extramedullary disease was associated with a reduced overall survival (hazard ratio 1.41, P<0.001), in line with other prognostic factors. With the limits of the use of low sensitivity imaging techniques, that lead to an underestimation of extramedullary disease, we conclude that in patients treated with new drugs the detrimental effect of extramedullary disease at diagnosis is limited, that lenalidomide is effective as are proteasome inhibitors, and that these patients tend to acquire a more aggressive disease in later stages. (EUDRACT2005-004714-32, NCT01063179 NCT00551928, NCT01091831, NCT01093196, NCT01190787, NCT01346787, NCT01857115)