Norm reaction for residual variance heterogeneous medium for genetic study of cutting quails performance values in threonine levels function on diet

Todos os textos, informa??es e resultados apresentados s?o de inteira responsabilidade dos autores.Ag?ncias financiadoras para a realiza??o desse trabalho: Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq), Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG).O presente trabalho foi realizado com objetivo de avaliar a sensibilidade dos valores gen?ticos ?s mudan?as do gradiente ambiental (n?veis da rela??o treonina com a lisina) em dietas fornecidas ?s codornas de corte, sobre o per?odo de 1 a 21 dias de idade, em duas linhagens de codornas de corte, LF1 e LF2, por meio de Modelos de Regress?o Aleat?ria, utilizando Normas de Rea??o. Os dados utilizados neste estudo s?o provenientes de 915 codornas de corte da linhagem LF1 e 839 da linhagem LF2, pertencentes ao Programa de Melhoramento Gen?tico da Universidade Federal de dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri. Foram avaliados os pesos corporais das aves ao nascimento, 7, 14, 21, 28 e 35 dias de idade, com n?veis de 0,66, 0,71, 0,76, 0,81 e 0,86% da rela??o treonina: lisina na dieta. As sensibilidades dos valores gen?ticos ?s mudan?as nos n?veis da rela??o treonina: lisina (intera??o gen?tipo X ambiente) foram obtidas por Modelos de Regress?o Aleat?ria (utilizando Normas de Rea??o) por meio do programa WOMBAT que utiliza o princ?pio da M?xima Verossimilhan?a Restrita (REML). Animais selecionados em um n?vel de treonina podem n?o expressar todo seu potencial gen?tico quando criado em um n?vel diferente desse amino?cido. Esse comportamento indica sensibilidade de valores gen?ticos aditivos as mudan?as ambientais, o que caracteriza a exist?ncia de intera??o gen?tipo x ambiente.This research was carried out to evaluate the sensitivity of genetic values to changes in the environment gradient (levels of threonine: lysine ratio in diets of European quails) from hatch to 21 days of age in two lines LF1 and LF2 by Random Regression Models using Reaction Norm and to compare different residual variance structures to select the best model to fit the performance and carcass traits of European quails. Records are from 915 quails of line LF1 and 839 of line LF2 belonging to the breeding improvement program of UFVJM University. The sensitivity of genetic values to changes in threonine: lysine ratios (genotype x environment interaction) were obtained by random regression models (reaction model) using the WOMBAT program by means of Restricted Maximum Likelihood principle. Animals selected in one level of threonine: lysine ratio will not express all their genetic potential if fed different threonine: lysine ratio diets. This behavior indicates sensitivity of genetic values to changes in the environment characterizing the genotype by environment interaction

Leucograma de codornices de engorde inoculadas in ovo con ácido linoleico conjugado y ácido láurico

Objective. Analyze the leukogram of meat-type quail inoculated in ovo with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and lauric acid (LA) while exposed to a sanitary challenge. Material and methods. The drinking water was placed seven days before the arrival of the quails and it was only refilled throughout the experiment. The treatments were applied on 480 fertile eggs in the 7th day of incubation: Negative control: not perforated; positive control: injected with the diluent (corn oil; CO); CLA120: 120 mg CLA /CO; CLA240: 240 mg CLA /CO; LA60: 60 mg LA /CO and LA90: 90 mg LA /CO. A completely randomized design with four replications was used. Total leukocytes and the differential leukocyte count were evaluated at 21 and 36 days of age. Results. No statistically effects (p>0.05) of any inoculations were observed in the parameters evaluated. We observed an average of 10927.1±2933.6 cell/μl, 61.6 ± 7.31%, 32.0 ± 7.13% and 0.57 ± 0.21 for leukocyte count, lymphocyte, heterophile and heterophile/lymphocyte ratio, respectively, at 21 days. At 36 days, we observed an overall average of 13291.7 ± 3559.0 cell/μl, 65.0 ± 9.29%, 29.3 ± 9.93% and 0.50 ± 0.24, for those same variables, respectively. Conclusions. The in ovo inoculation levels of CLA and LA did not affect the leucogram of meat-type quails raised in sanitary challenge.Objetivo. Evaluar el leucograma de codornices de engorde inoculadas in ovo del ácido linoleico conjugado (CLA) y ácido laurico (AL) mientras están expuestas a un desafío sanitario. Material y métodos. El agua de bebida fue ofrecida siente días antes de la llegada de las codornices y solo fue reabastecida, no se realizó lavado de bebederos, durante toda la fase del experimento. Los tratamientos fueron distribuidos en 480 huevos fértiles, en el 7° día de incubación: Control negativo: sin perforación, control positivo: inyectado con diluyente (aceite de maíz; AM; CLA 120: 120 mg CLA/AM; CLA240: 240 mg CLA /AM; AL 60: 60 mg AL /AM y AL90: 90 mg AL /AM. Fue utilizado delineamiento completamente al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Los leucocitos totales y el conteo diferencia de leucocitos fueron evaluados a los 21 y 36 días de edad. Resultados. Las inoculaciones, no presentaron efecto significativo (p>0.05) en los parámetros evaluados. Se observó una media de 10927.1 ± 2933.6 células/μl, 61.6 ± 7.31%, 32.0 ± 7.13% e 0.57 ± 0.21 para conteo total de leucocitos, linfocitos, heterofilos y la relación heterófilos/linfocitos, respectivamente, a los 21 días. A los 36 días, observamos una media general de 13291.7 ± 3559.0 células/μl, 65.0 ± 9.29%, 29.3±9.93% y 0.50 ± 0.24, para esas mismas variables, respectivamente. Conclusiones. Los niveles de inoculación in ovo de CLA e AL no afectaron el leucograma de codornices de engorde criadas en desafío sanitario